,
197
; meeting with Ptolemy,
327
; and Pompey,
222
–
5
,
261
,
289
,
291
–
2
,
293
; and poor relief,
232
,
237
; and Pompey’s campaign,
319
–
20
,
322
; suicide,
336
,
337
; Virgil on,
383
Catulus, Quintus Lutatius: and Caesar,
198
; and Catiline,
207
,
208
; and Cato,
195
; and Clodius’ trial
217
,
222
; cousin of Servilia,
197
; death
222
; election for
pontifex maximus
,
195
; and Lucullus,
157
,
158
,
185
; and Pompey,
142
,
151
,
174
; punishment of father’s murderer,
201
; refuses to ratify Sulla’s treaty,
156
; reputation and authority,
136
–
8
,
385
Caudine Forks,
50
,
65
censors,
96
,
128
census,
96
,
97
,
114
‘centuries’,
93
,
94
,
95
cephos,
285
Cethegus, Publius,
138
,
158
–
9
chariot racing,
20
,
122
children: attitudes to,
110
–
15
,
118
; mortality rate,
112
China,
266
Cicero, Marcus Tullius: early life and rise as orator,
127
–
36
; character,
349
–
50
; after Hortensius’ retirement
188
–
9
; on Alexandria,
326
; on animal spectacles,
284
–
5
; and Antony,
354
–
5
; on Appius,
289
; on Britain,
276
; and Caelius,
200
–
201
,
258
–
9
; friendship with Caesar,
297
,
304
,
307
,
310
–
11
317
–
18
,
338
,
346
; and Caesar’s murder,
349
–
54
; Catiline’s conspiracy,
202
–
3
; and Cato,
85
,
195
–
6
,
261
,
317
,
385
; Cato’s obituary,
339
–
40
; and Cleopatra,
343
; and Clodius,
215
,
216
–
17
,
235
,
236
–
7
,
238
–
40
,
249
,
261
; consulship,
203
–
4
; on Crassus,
265
; on dancing and women,
193
–
4
; daughter,
350
; divided loyalties,
304
,
310
–
11
,
315
,
317
; on Domitius,
257
,
289
,
315
; exiled,
238
–
40
,
360
; figure of ridicule,
220
; flees Rome after Hybrida’s conviction,
234
–
5
; on freedom
76
,
76
n,
389
; on gladiators,
144
; on lust for power,
263
; marriages,
350
; as Milo’s defender,
291
–
2
; and Octavian,
351
–
2
,
358
–
60
; on pirates,
169
; Palatine villa,
216
,
240
,
254
; and Pompey,
213
–
14
,
223
,
230
,
249
–
50
,
260
,
294
,
304
,
310
,
315
,
317
,
322
; recalled to Rome,
253
–
5
; on triumvirate’s election-rigging,
263
; turns down deal with triumvirate,
231
–
2
; death,
361
–
2
Cilicia,
168
,
170
Cinna, Cornelius,
74
–
5
,
87
–
8
,
118
Circus Maximus,
20
,
120
–
21
,
122
cities: free,
xix
,
12
; Roman methods of subjugation,
5
–
6
citizenship,
xx
-
xxi
,
4
–
5
,
12
,
22
,
56
,
76
; Italian states and,
56
–
7
,
58
,
67
; registration requirements,
96
; removed from criminals,
125
; and slavery,
146
civic crown,
120
,
124
civic rights,
4
civil unrest,
5
,
29
–
30
class divisions,
19
–
20
,
22
–
31
,
95
–
6
‘classes’,
93
,
95
,
96
Claudii (family)
158
,
162
,
192
; Clodia, wife of Lucullus,
158
,
192
Cleopatra,
328
–
9
; as Antony’s lover,
368
–
9
,
371
–
5
; beauty,
328
; as Caesar’s lover,
328
–
35
,
342
–
3
; children,
330
,
331
,
343
,
369
,
371
,
372
,
374
; death,
375
; marriage to brother,
331
,
342
; as queen,
328
,
331
,
334
; in Rome,
342
–
3
Cleopatra Selene (Antony’s daughter),
369
,
371
,
372
Cloaca Maxima,
16
Clodia Metelli
see
Metelli, Clodia
Clodius, Publius: abducts Prince Tigranes,
250
–
51
; and Appius’ election campaign,
261
–
2
; and Caelius,
251
–
2
; captured by pirates,
168
–
9
; and Catiline,
203
; and Crassus,
259
; and Cicero’s return,
254
,
255
–
6
; denounces Cicero,
261
; and Cyprus,
270
; death,
290
–
91
; end of tribunate and conflict with Milo,
252
–
4
,
255
,
281
–
2
; leads mutiny,
167
; military service,
158
; and Pompey,
249
,
250
–
51
,
252
,
255
–
6
,
261
; rumours of incest,
192
; and tribunate,
233
–
4
,
236
–
40
,
249
; violation of goddess rites and trial,
212
–
13
,
215
–
17
collegia
,
18
–
19