L. M. Sundstrom, Funding Civil Society: Foreign Assistance and NGO Development in Russia (Stanford, Calif., 2006), study of selected NGOs and the role of foreign assistance.
R. G. Suny, The Revenge of the Past (Stanford, Calif., 1994), on nationalism and the demise of the Soviet system.
J. Wedel, Collision and Collusion: The Strange Case of Western Aid to Eastern Europe, 1989–1998 (New York, 1998), trenchant critique of Western aide to the former Eastern bloc countries.
S. White, Gorbachev and After (3rd edn., Cambridge, 1992), short narrative of perestroika.
B. Yeltsin, Against the Grain (London, 1990), autobiography, with revealing insights into the author’s rise to power.
W. Zimmerman, The Russian People and Foreign Policy: Russian Elite and Mass Perspectives, 1993–2000 ( Princeton, NJ, 2002), on the contrast between the international values of élites and the isolationist indifference of lower classes.
15. REBUILDING RUSSIA
P. Baev (ed.), Russian Energy Policy and Military Power: Putin’s Quest for Greatness (London, 2008), essays examining hydrocarbon revenues and their impact on military power and reform.
T. J. Colton and S. Holmes (eds.), The State after Communism: Governance in the New Russia (Lanham, Md., 2006), examination of Putin’s emphasis on the state and effective governance.
———and M. McFaul, Popular Choice and Managed Democracy: The Russian Elections of 1999 and 2000 (Washington, DC, 2003), sophisticated analysis of the Duma and presidential elections which inaugurated the Putin era.
D. R. Herspring, Putin’s Russia: Past Imperfect, Future Uncertain (Lanham, Md., 2003), articles sketching Russia at the start of the new millennium.
R. Kanet (ed.), Russia: Re-emerging Great Power (New York, 2007), essays on Russian foreign policy under Putin.
A. Ledeneva, How Russia Really Works; The Informal Practices That Shaped Post-Soviet Politics and Business (Ithaca, NY, 2006), modus operandi of politics and business in the post-Soviet era.
A. Politkovskaya, A Russian Diary: A Journalist’s Final Account of Life, Corruption, and Death in Putin’s Russia (New York, 2007), report by investigative journalist whose murder in 2006 became a cause célèbre and ignited much criticism of the Putin regime.
A. Pravda (ed.), Leading Russia: Putin in Perspective (Oxford, 2005), essays on Putin’s first term.
V. Putin, First Person (New York, 2000), political statement in first presidential campaign.
C. Ross (ed.), Local Politics and Democratization in Russia (New York, 2009), essays on politics in the Putin era, accenting the residual power at local level despite Putin’s ‘vertikal’.
R. Sakwa, Putin: Russia’s Choice (2nd edn., London, 2008), richly detailed account of Putin’s objectives and difficulties.
———Russian Politics and Society (4th edn., New York, 2008), systematic and unusually dispassionate analysis of the Putin era.
L. Shevtsova, Putin’s Russia (Washington, 2003), critical treatment of Putin’s policies and power.
———Russia—Lost in Transition: The Yeltsin and Putin Legacies (Washington, DC, 2007), negative assessment of post-Soviet governments.
S. White (ed.), Politics and the Ruling Group in Putin’s Russia (New York, 2008), articles on élite politics, the ‘oligarchs’, and decision-making.
INTERNET SITES
http://www.gov.ru home site of the Russian government, with links to the office of the president, parliament, and various ministries and state agencies
http://rferl.org/newsline/search/org archive of daily news reports since 1997
http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/default.html archive of news reports, short articles, commentaries, and documents since 1996.
PHOTOGRAPHIC ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
© The State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia/The Bridgeman Art Library: 5, 6; © Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow/The Bridgeman Art Library: 7; © Camera Press: 16; © Roberto Koch/Contrasto/Eyevine: 17; © Hulton Archive/Getty Images: 8; © Robert Harding Picture Library: 12; © David King Collection; 11, 13; © Jack Kollmann: 2; © AP/Press Association Images: 18; © Rex Features: 10; © RIA Novosti: 4, 14, 15; © GIM Collection/State/Historical Museum, Moscow: 3; © Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow: 1; © V&A Images, The Victoria & Albert Museum: 9
INDEX
Abkhazia 520–1
ABM see Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty
abortion 332–3, 361, 482, 550
Abramovich, R. 525
absolutism 45, 86, 92, 161, 166, 186
Academy of Sciences 115, 118–9, 130, 162–3, 174, 287, 447, 482
‘acceleration’ (uskorenie) 454, 456
acmeism 266, 388
Addison, J. 266, 338
Admiralty 120
Adrian, Patriarch 108, 119, 543
Adzhubei, A. 434
Afghanistan 428, 445, 448–9, 515, 553–4
Africa 389, 445
Aganbegian, A. 429–30, 453
Agapetus 59
Agricultural Sciences, Academy of 397
agriculture 34–7, 42, 66, 138, 145, 153, 209, 215–6, 218, 226, 280, 285, 302, 314, 316–7, 322–4, 326, 328, 335, 341–2, 344, 349, 354, 355, 363, 372, 386, 391, 397, 407, 411, 422, 424, 430–1, 440–1, 449–50, 452, 455–6, 475–6, 522
Ahasuerus and Esther 87
AIDS 483
Aivazovskii, I. 193
Akhmatova, A. 339, 396–7
Alaska 194
alcoholism 444, 453
Aleksandrov, G.A. 414
Alekseev, M.V. 296
Aleksii II, Patriarch 514, 562
Alexander I 165–6, 168, 185–6, 188, 191, 193, 202, 545–7
Alexander II 202, 223, 226, 230–2, 234, 240, 250, 256, 546
Alexander III 240, 256, 278, 547
Alexander Nevsky 15–16, 68, 539–40
Alexander of Tver 17, 19–20
Alexander the Great 123
Alexandra 271
Alexandria, patriarch of, 89
Alexis, Metropolitan 26, 58
Alexis, Tsar 79–80, 82–5, 87–8
Alexis, tsarevich 116, 120–2
All-Union Communist Party (Bolshevik) 317; see also Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Alma-Ata, 464, 550, 554
alphabet, Cyrillic, 306, 543
Altai, 194, 481
Amsterdam 78, 93
Amur River 98, 441
Ancient Russian Library 164
Andreeva, N. 460, 554
Andrei, prince 12, 16, 539
Andrei (Bogoliubskii), prince 12, 539
Andropov, Iu. 418, 438, 447, 449, 452–3, 553
Andrusovo, Armistice of, 86, 98, 542
Anglo-Russian Trade Agreement (1921) 320
Anglo-Russian Trade Treaty (1734) 129
Anna 6
Anna Ivanovna, empress 116, 124–9, 131, 146, 544
Anna Leopol’dovna 128
Anna Petrovna 124
Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM) 517, 557, 559
Anti-Christ 97, 101
anti-party group 422, 552
anti-religious campaign 337, 350, 429