smutnoe vremia 64
smychka xxii, 324
Sobchak, A. 490, 522
socialism 226, 243, 247, 281, 292, 294, 300–1, 307–9, 312, 316–19, 321–5, 327, 329, 341–3, 347, 360, 362, 367, 372–3, 414, 416, 425, 436–7, 549
‘socialism in one country’ 312, 318, 325, 549
socialist realism 413
Sofia 90, 94–8, 100–2, 105, 108, 539, 542
Sokurov, A. 513
soldiers 7, 77, 179, 181, 186, 252, 270, 273, 275, 277–8, 282, 285–6, 288, 300, 327, 337, 374, 376, 380–3, 385–6, 390, 392, 396, 510, 548
Solovetskii Monastery 35
Solovev, Ia.S. 202
Solovki 103; see also Solovetskii
Monastery
Solzhenitsyn, A. 239, 429, 447–8, 553
Sorokin, V. 513
Soros, G. 506
soslovie xxii
South Ossetia 520–1, 562
South Yemen 445
Soviet-Finnish War 551
Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact, 371, 556
Soviet-Polish War 549
soviet 85, 149, 197, 200, 253, 255, 273, 275–81, 283, 285–96, 300–2, 305, 308–10, 312, 314, 317–23, 325, 327–39, 341–6, 347, 350, 352–64, 367–72, 374–8, 380–402, 404, 407–8, 412, 414, 417–20, 423, 426–30, 433, 435–40, 443–7, 449, 451–2, 454–8, 460–6, 470–2, 475–7, 479–82, 484, 486, 494–8, 505, 507, 512–3, 516, 518–21, 539, 548–9, 558
sovkhoz: see state farm
sovnarkhoz 393, 421–2, 433, 435, 552
Sovnarkom: see Council of People’s Commissars
Spanish Civil War 370, 377
Spaso-Prilutskii Monastery 35
‘specialist-baiting’ 295, 364
Spectator 164
Speranskii, M. 175–6, 185–8
Sportsman’s Sketches 191
Sputnik 423, 552
SR see Party of Socialist
Revolutionaries
Stabilization Fund 498, 511, 527, 560, 562
Stakhanov, A. 363–4, 371, 550
Stakhanovite 363–4, 550
Stalin xiii, 101, 280, 289–90, 292, 294–5, 299, 302, 307, 309–19, 321, 324–7, 340–52, 354–5, 357–81, 383–5, 387–8, 390–91, 393–420, 422, 424–6, 428, 430–1, 433–4, 438, 440, 442–3, 447, 449, 452, 460, 479, 496, 549–52
Stalingrad 380–1, 551
Stalingrad Tractor Factory 346
Stalinism 340–3, 360–1, 364, 366, 373–4, 381, 405, 410, 426, 551
Standart 111
starina 64, 90
Starodub 15, 21
START-I: 555
START-II: 555
State and Revolution 293, 548
State Circus 328
State Committee for Environmental
Protection 558
State Domains, Ministry of 188, 203
State Duma see Duma
state farm (sovkhoz) xxii, 347, 372
state peasants 140–1, 143, 181, 185, 188, 545
Statute on Provincial
Administration 158
statutes 40, 55, 68–9, 78–9, 81, 84, 86, 93, 97, 158–9, 186–7, 203, 206, 208–11, 214, 220, 237, 362, 393, 436, 544, 546, 550
Stavropol 436, 452
Stefan of Perm 25
Steffens, L. 300
Stepashin, S. 490, 557–8
Steplag, 415
steppe 4, 9–10, 13–15, 32–3, 41–2, 47, 54, 62, 84, 103, 346, 352, 394, 485, 319, 539
Stites, R. 362
Stoglav 43
Stolbovo, Treat of, 41, 75, 82, 541
Stolypin, P. 258–63, 328, 548
Stolypin land reform 548
Strategic Defence Initiative (SDI) 380, 457
‘Strategy for 2020’ 523
Streltsy (musketeers) 51–2, 76, 81, 83, 91, 94–103, 105, 107–9, 114, 542–3
Streshnev, T. 102
strikes 222, 241–2, 248, 251, 253, 263, 274, 284, 286, 288–90, 322, 442, 472, 547–8, 554, 556–7
Stroganov family 39, 53, 75
Stroganov, P. 170
Struve, P. 247, 249, 266
succession law (1797) 123, 543
Sudan 557
sudebnik 5, 52, 81, 540–1; see also law codes
Sukharevka, 317
Sukhona 34, 57
Sumarokov, A. 162
Summer Palace 120–1
suprematism 305
Supreme Council of the National
Economy (Vesenkha) 293, 307
Supreme Economic Council of the
USSR 433
Supreme Privy Council (125–6, 543–4)
Surkov, V. 516
Suslov, M.A. 414, 416
Suzdal 5, 12–16, 20, 32, 39, 58
Sverdlovsk 441
Sviatopolk-Mirskii, P. 250
Sviatoslav 3, 10
Sviazhsk 57
Sv. Samson 111
Sweden 32, 41, 70, 77, 82, 86, 106, 110, 112–13, 115–16, 123, 129, 134, 541–2
symbolism 265
syphilis 483
Syr Darya River 372
Syria 400
Syrtsov-Lominadze Right-Left Bloc 351
Table of Ranks 111, 144–7, 158, 185, 189, 219, 543
Taganrog 104
taiga 1, 34–5, 41
Tajikistan 487, 556–7
Tajiks 448
Tale of Bygone Years 8
Tallin l74; see also Reval
Tambov 142, 186, 302
Tashkent Summit 554
Tatars xii, 27, 29, 39, 41–2, 47, 67, 72, 84, 98, 103, 129, 151, 154, 156, 419, 438, 470, 515, 541, 553
Tatarstan 470, 515
Tatishchev, V. 129, 131
Tatlin, V. 305, 338
Tauride Palace 274–5
taxation 5, 21, 35–40, 45, 47, 50–1, 53, 55, 59–60, 72, 75–6, 80–1, 83, 91, 93–4, 113, 138, 139, 141, 154, 171, 175, 188, 206, 211, 213–15, 229, 237, 280, 310, 316, 324, 327, 347, 393, 455, 466, 470–1, 474, 482, 499, 504, 507–8, 543, 557–61
Taylorism 359
Tbilisi 420, 448, 521, 554
Teheran Conference 551
‘temporary obligations’ 207
Temporary Regulations of 1865: 212, 546
Temporary Regulations of 14 August
1881: 231, 547
Tenth Party Congress 308–9, 549
Teplitz 120
Terem Palace 94
Tereshchenko, M.I. 276
terror 95, 228–31, 240, 295, 303, 306, 335, 341, 361, 365–8, 370, 377, 388, 397, 402–4, 407–8, 415, 417, 460, 490–1, 503–4, 509, 519, 521, 546–7, 550, 557–61
terrorism 227–31, 241, 246–7, 249, 306, 417, 490–1, 503–4, 509, 519, 521, 546–7, 557
Teutonic Knights 15
Thatcher, M. 456
Theognostus, Metropolitan 26
Third Five-Year Plan 550
Third International 305; see also Comintern
Third Rome 59
Third Section xxii, 203, 205
Thirteenth Party Congress 312
Thirty Years War 75, 77
Tilsit, Peace of, 174–5, 545
Time 562
Time of Troubles 40–1, 62, 64, 67, 69, 73–4, 81, 90, 133, 451, 541
Timofeev, I. 73
Timoshenko, S.K. 379
Timur (Tamerlane) 28
Tito, J.B. 401–2, 408
Tiumen, 431
Tkachev, P. 227
Tobolsk 34
Togliatti auto plant 436
Tokhta, Khan 17
Tokhtamysh 23–4
Tolmachev, G.G. 351
Tolstoy, L. 238–9, 546
Tolstoy, P. 122, 125
Tomsk 51
Tomskii, M. 314–5, 324, 362, 550
Torgau 120
Toropets 48
totalitarianism 101, 292, 342–3, 364, 408
towns 8, 14, 21–2, 33, 37–40, 46–7, 49–50, 54, 60, 66–7, 70, 72, 74, 76–8, 81–2, 84, 93, 114, 132, 137–9, 144, 152, 157, 209, 211, 218–9, 221, 223, 226, 253, 256, 260, 262, 276–8, 329, 392, 429, 432, 545
trade unions 284, 289, 294–5, 301, 305, 309, 314, 352
Traktortsentr 349
Transcaucasus 256, 334, 547