American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), 42, 54, 131, 145, 159
American Friends Service Committee, 120
American Javerts, 16–17
American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), 128–30, 144, 145
American Psychiatric Association, 6
American Valjeans, 7
Anderson, Steve, 49
Andrade, Leonardo, 71
Angeles, Felipe Gonzalez, 32
Annan, Kofi, 39
Anthony, Obie, 32–33
antipoverty programs, 16, 200–201
Arizona, 7, 133, 143–45
Arnold, Mark S., 168
arrests, drug, 46, 49
assaults in prison, 120–21, 130–31, 166–67, 173–75
Atlanta Police Department, 48–49
auctions of convicts, 173, 203
audit of Federal Reserve, 152
Ayala, Sergio, 52–53, 79
Baca, Lee, 166–68
bail amounts, 12
Baldwin, Jason, 99–100
Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act, 151–52
Barrasso, John, 153
Bedford Stuyvesant neighborhood, 189
Belt, James, 74
Benavidez, Robert, 65
Benjamin Cardozo School of Law, 12
Bernard, Thomas J., 131
Beyler, Craig, 89
Bicycle Thief, The, 68
Bien, Michael, 112
Blackburn, Jeffrey, 84
blacks, 56, 189, 190, 191, 193
Blackstone, William, 84–85
Blackstone ratio, 85
Bloomberg, Michael R., 25
Blow, Charles M., 189
BMJ (British Medical Journal), 202
Boas, Paul, 12
Border Patrol, 53–54
Borenstein, Isaac, 41
Boulle, Pierre, 96
Bowers, Josh, 13
Bowles, Samuel, 148
BoxingInsider.com, 30
Bozella, Dewey, 91
Bradshaw, Deneilo, 63, 64
Brady v. Maryland, 76
Branson, Sam, 42
Bratton, William J., 189–90
Breaking the Taboo, 42
Breckenridge, Wilmer, 59–60, 196
Brennan Center for Justice, 159–60
Brevard, Keziah Goodwyn Hopkins, 19–20
Brewer, Jan, 145
Breyer, Stephen, 196
Bridge over the River Kwai, The (Boulle), 96
broken windows policing, 189–90
Brown, Jerry, 20, 107, 108–9, 110–11
Budnick, Scott, 167
Bulger, James “Whitey,” 33–34
Bureau of Justice, U.S., 171
Bureau of Justice Statistics, U.S., 19, 23, 172
Burge, Gerald, 95
Burke, Edmund, 187
Bush, George H.W., 11, 153
Bush, George W., 151, 175
Bush, Jeb, 153
California
bail, 12
higher education system, 108, 126, 198
incarceration costs and state budget, 11, 125–26, 134
less harsh sentencing, 198
prison guard union, 6, 73, 105–9, 111, 112–13
prisoner release, 19, 20, 198
prisons, 109–11, 112–13, 126, 134
prosecutor misconduct, 76
Riverside County, 160–61
three-strikes laws, 6, 16, 65, 68, 71–74, 107, 198
California Correctional Peace Officers Association (CCPOA), 105–9, 111, 112–13
call centers, convict, 136
Campbell, Chad, 133
Campos, Romy, 145
Canada, 24
Cardozo School of Law, 12, 86
carjacking, 79
Carrillo, Francisco, 88
Carter, Jimmy, 40, 41, 42
cash-register justice, 38
Cassell, Paul, 10–11
Cassidy, Robert, 30
Cate, Matthew, 110
Cato Institute, 202
CBP (Customs and Border Protection), 47–48
CCA (Corrections Corporation of America), 125–27, 131–34, 144, 146
CCPOA (California Correctional Peace Officers Association), 105–9, 111, 112–13
Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Philosophy, Interpretation, and Culture, 135–36
Centre for Crime and Justice Studies, British, 47
Centre for Research on Globalization, 138–39
Chavez, Jesus, 165–66
Chettiar, Inimai, 42
Chicago Public Schools, 21
Chicago Tribune, 21, 28, 99
child molesters, 164
child pornography, 10–11
children of prisoners, 18, 187
Christie, Chris, 58
Christopher, Vaughn, 27–28, 29–30
Citizens United ruling, 152, 170
civil immunity for prosecutors, 76, 92, 95, 203
Clement, Paul D., 95
Cline, Phillip, 75–76, 77
Clinton, Bill, 4, 42, 55, 152, 153
Clinton, Hillary, 4, 144
Cohen, Leonard, 195
Cole, Reggie, 32–33
Cole, Timothy, 83–84
collection agencies, 9
collective punishment, 55, 153
Collette, Michelle, 41
Collins, Scott, 33
Colorado, 58
Commodity Futures Modernization Act, 152
community-domain supervision and rehabilitation, 199
Community Mental Health Act, 177
Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984, 80
confessions, false, 76, 86, 100–101
confidential informants, 62–64
Connick, Harry, Sr., 93
Connolly, John, 33–34
“Consequences of Neglect” (Institute for Higher Education Leadership and Policy), 198
convict-manufactured goods, 138–39
conviction-integrity units, 86
conviction rates, 6, 7, 11, 19, 25, 134
convictions, wrongful, 12–13, 28, 33, 86–88
convicts
aging of, 11, 196–97
assaults on, 120–21, 130–31, 166–67, 173–75
counting of in federal systems, 170–71
gangs, 165–66, 168–70, 175
labor, 18, 135–39, 146
life of (see prisons, life in)
lifers, 165
literacy, 111–12
paperwork, 163–64
Cook County Jail, 179
Cooley, Steve, 110
Correctional Officer Academy, 106
Correctional Privatization Commission, 132
Corrections Corporation of America (CCA), 125–27, 131–34, 144, 146
Corrections USA, 112
corruption
prosecutors, 8–9, 28, 30, 33, 75–76, 92–95, 203
war on drugs, 47–49
Cosma, Sofia, 135
costs of incarceration, 11, 134, 197
county jails, 12, 124
California, 20, 110–11, 160, 166–67, 179
court-appointed attorneys, 79–80
court-ordered payments, 158
crack-cocaine, 23, 47, 56–57
Crapser, Emma, 91
crime, redefining the meaning of, 203
Crime and Delinquency, 132
Crime Victims United, 73, 106
criminal justice system. See also specific aspects of
background, 4–7, 8–13, 15–18
failure of and effects on society, 198–99
needed reform, 197–98, 201–4
crystal meth, 44–45
Cunningham, Kevin, 188
Cuomo, Andrew, 8
Cuomo, Mario, 14
Customs and Border Protection (CBP), U.S., 47–48
Cutler, Dale, 66–67
Davey, Joseph Dillon, 149–50
Davis, Gray, 107, 109
Davis, Joe, 72–73
Davis, Lois, 110–11
Davis, Miles, 44
Davis, Richard, 73–74
Davis, Troy, 90
Dayan, Colin, 171–72
De Sica, Vittorio, 68
DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), 10, 31, 46
dealers as informants, drug, 31–32, 38, 40
death row inmate exonerations, 12, 28, 87, 93–94
DeBruin, Nick, 50
debtors, 9, 151, 158–60
decriminalization of drugs, 45, 48
Demuth, Stephen, 193
Departed, The, 33–34
deportation detainees, 143, 145
Deukmejian, George, 107
Devereux, Sheila, 49–51