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14. SMERSH. Istoricheskie ocherki, 316–7.

15. Ibid., 317.

16. The English translation of the document UK-81 in Nazi Conspiracy and Aggressio. Vol. VIII (USGPO: Washington, 1946), 572–82; http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/genocide/USSR2.htm, retrieved September 8, 2011.

17. Details in George M. Nipe, Jr., Last Victory in Russia: The SS–Panzer–Korps and Manstein’s Kharkov Counteroffensive, February–March 1943 (Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing, 2000).

18. Charles W. Sydnor, Jr., Soldiers of Destruction: The SS Death’s Head Division 1933–1945 (8 ed.) (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990), 269.

19. Curzio Malaparte, Kaputt, translated from the Italian by Cesare Foligno (New York: E. P. Dutton and Company, 1946), 19–20.

20. Gerald Reitlinger, The SS: The Alibi of a Nation, 1922–1945 (New York: Viking Press, 1957), 196.

21. SMERSH. Istoricheskie ocherki, 317–8.

22. Soviet documentaries on the trial and execution of the condemned at http://www.history-vision.de/detail/1705.html, http://www.history-vision.de/detail/3162.html, and http://www.history-vision.de/detail/3163.html, retrieved September 8, 2011.

23. The People’s Verdict, 48–49.

24. Ibid., 65–66.

25. Ibid., 68–69.

26. Ibid., 78.

27. Ibid., 85–86.

28. For instance, Yitzhak Arad, Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka—The Operation Reinhard Death Camps. (Bloomington, ID: Indiana University Press, 1987).

29. Karl Pfeifer, ‘Zum Feifer-und Bedenkjahr 2005: Patriotische Einleitung,’ http://www.hagalil.com/archiv/2005/01/einleitung.htm, retrieved September 8, 2011.

30. The People’s Verdict, 89.

31. Ibid., 90.

32. Arthur Koestler, The Yogi and the Commissar (New York: Macmillan, 1945), 143.

33. ‘Pattern of Hanging,’ Time, December 27, 1943. The American and British officials were cautious about the information on the trial because of the Nazi threat to retaliate against the Allied POWs. Arieh J. Kochavi, Prelude to Nuremberg: Allied War Crimes Policy and the Question of Punishment (Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 1998), 69–73.

34. ‘On the mass shooting of Jews by the German murderers in the Drobitzki Valley. Protocol. September 5, 1943,’ http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/Kharkov.html, retrieved September 8, 2011.

35. Report of Major General I. M. Grishaev, commander of the Political Department of the 60th Army, dated January 29, 1945. Cited in Pavel Polyan, ‘Otvet na evreiskii vopros,’ Novaya gazeta, no. 6, January 28, 2008 (in Russian), http://www.novayagazeta.ru/data/2008/06/17.html, retrieved September 8, 2011.

36. The People’s Verdict, 95–99.

37. Ibid., 121.

38. Yurii Zainochkovsky, ‘Kharkovskii prolog Nyurenberga,’ Sobytie, No. 52, December 25–31, 2003 (in Russian), http://www.interami.com/2003-213.html, retrieved January 5, 2011.

39. NKO Order No. 74, dated May 29, 1944. Document No. 221 in Russkii arkhiv. Velikaya Otechestvennaya. Prikazy, 13 (2-3), 282.

40. Recollections by Nikolai Belov, who defended Mikhail Bulanov, in Zinovii Sagalov, ‘Protsess v Kharkove—prelyudiya k Nurenbergu,’ http://z-sagalov.narod.ru/publi_process.html, retrieved September 8, 2011.

41. Birstein, The Perversion of Knowledge, 88–92.

42. A. N. Trainin, The Criminal Responsibility of the Hitlerites (Moscow: Yuridicheskoe izdatel’stvo, 1944), discussed in George Ginsburgs, Moscow’s Road to Nuremberg: The Soviet Background of the Trial (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 1996), 71–90, and Francine Hirsch, ‘The Soviets at Nuremberg: International Law, Propaganda, and the Making of the Postwar Order,’ American Historical Review 113, no. 3 (June 2008), 701–30.

43. ‘Kharkov Trial. First Pictures From Russian Movie Show Legal Trial and Death of Nazi War Criminals,’ Life, July 10, 1944, p. 94.

44. Producer Irvin Shapiro, commentary written by John Bright and naarated by Everett Sloane. See ‘At the Little Carnegie,’ New York Times, June 4, 1945; ‘The New Pictures,’ Time, June 4, 1945, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,775791,00.html, retrieved September 8, 2011.

45. The archive of the US Holocaust Memorial Museum has a copy of Heinisch’s SMERSH Investigation File from the FSB Central Archive, RG-06.025*02 Kiev, 1945–1946 (N-18762, tom 4), Georg Josef Heinisch.

46. Jantschi’s Personal File, RGVA, Moscow. Also, Jantschi’s and Karl Kosch’s prisoner cards in Vladimir Prison Archive.

47. SMERSH. Istoricheskie ocherki, 318–20.

48. The Burdenko report falsely stated that German troops were responsible for the Katyn massacre. Details in Katyn: A Crime Without Punishment, edited by Anna M. Cienciala, Natalia S. Lebedeva, and Wojcech Materski (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007), 226–9.

49. Frank Ellis, ‘Dulag-205: The German Army’s Death camp for Soviet Prisoners at Stalingrad,’ The Journal of Slavic Military Studies 19, no. 1 (March 2006), 123–48.

50. Special report by N. G. Khannikov to Abakumov, dated December 20, 1944. Document No. 25 in Tragediya Litvy: 1941–1944 gody. Sbornik arkhivnykh dokumentov o prestupleniyakh litovskikh kollabortsionistov v gody Vtoroi mirovoi voiny (Moscow: Evropa, 2006), 122–4 (in Russian).

51. Ibid., 321.

52. Poliburo decisions P47/107 snd P47/132, dated November 10 and 21, 1945. Document Nos. 330 and 332 in Lubyanka. Stalin i NKVD, 543–4 (in Russian). The commission consisted of Andrei Vyshinsky (chairman), deputy Foreign Minister; Nikolai Rychkov (deputy chairman); Konstantin Gorshenin, USSR Prosecutor; Ivan Golyakov, chair of the Supreme Court; Sergei Kruglov, first deputy NKVD Commissar; Abakumov; and Nikolai Afanasiev, Chief Military Prosecutor.

53. Alexander Victor Prusin, ‘“Fascist Criminals to the Gallows!”: The Holocaust and Soviet War Crimes Trials, December 1945–February 1946,’ Holocaust and Genocide Studies 17 (2003), no. 1, 1–30.

54. On the Remlinger Trial see Chapter 5 in I. S. Jažbovskaja, A. Yu. Yablokov, and V. S. Parasadanova, Katynskii syndrome v sovetsko-pol’skikh otnosheniyakh (Moscow: Materik, 2005) (in Russian); Diere’s ‘testimony’ was mentioned in ‘Two Nazi Generals Hanged by Russians,’ The New York Times, December 31, 1945.

55. The other condemned to death were Karl Hermann Strüfling, Ernst Böhm, Fritz Engel, Eduard Sonnenfeld, Gerhard Jahnicke, Erwin Skotki, and Ernst Gehrer. Soviet documentaries about the trial and execution of the condemned at http://www.history-vision.de/detail/3177.html and http://www.history-vision.de/detail/3178.html, retrieved January 6, 2011.