98. W. Averell Harriman, America and Russia in a Changing World: A Half Century of Personal Observation (Garden City, N.Y., 1971), 23.
99. Cordell Hull, Memoirs (New York, 1948), 1:292–307; Jean Edward Smith, FDR (New York, 2007), 342–43.
100. Kennedy, Freedom from Fear, 485, 631.
101. Stalin to Roosevelt, Oct. 3 and Nov. 4, 1941, in Stalin Correspondence, 2:13, 15.
102. Evan Mawdsley, Thunder in the East: The Nazi-Soviet War, 1941–1945 (London, 2005), 192; Bellamy, Absolute War, 421.
103. Mawdsley, Thunder in the East, 193.
104. Khrushchev, Memoirs, 1:638–39.
105. Timothy Johnston, Being Soviet: Identity, Rumour, and Everyday Life Under Stalin, 1939–1953 (Oxford, U.K., 2011), 48–49.
106. Rebecca Manley, To the Tashkent Station: Evacuation and Survival in the Soviet Union at War (Ithaca, N.Y., 2009), 76.
107. HP 387, pp. 10, 21–23, 42–45, 80–81, 94–95, 97–99.
108. HP 144, pp. 2–3.
109. Rodric Braithwaite, Moscow 1941: A City and Its People at War (New York, 2006), 233–34.
110. Speech, Nov. 6, 1941, published the next day in Pravda. For background, see Andrew Nagorski, The Greatest Battle: Stalin, Hitler, and the Desperate Struggle for Moscow That Changed the Course of World War II (New York, 2007), 217–42.
111. Ivan M. Maisky, Vospominanya sovetskogo diplomata, 1925–1945 gg (Moscow, 1980), 536–38; Stalin to Churchill, Nov. 8, 1941, in Stalin Correspondence, 1:33–34.
112. PRO: PREM, 4/30/8; Anthony Eden, The Reckoning: The Memoirs of Anthony Eden, Earl of Avon (Boston, 1965), 335.
113. See doc. 11 and, for the original Soviet demands, doc. 12, in G. P. Kynin and Jochen Laufer, eds., SSSR i germanskii vopros, 1941–1949: dokumenty iz arkhiva vneshnei politiki Rossiiskoi Federastsii (Moscow, 1996), 1:124–35; Maisky, Vospominanya sovetskogo diplomata, 538–39.
114. Eden, Reckoning, 352; David Dilks, ed., The Diaries of Sir Alexander Cadogan, 1938–1945 (New York, 1972), 422–23.
115. A. M. Filitov, “SSSR i germanskii vopros: povortotnye punkty,” in N. I. Egorova and A. O. Chubarian, eds., Kholodnaia voina, 1945–1963 gg.: Istoricheskaia retrospektiva. Sbornik statei (Moscow, 2003), 224–25. For an early demand, see Molotov’s report of Stalin’s opinion in note to Maisky, Nov. 21, 1941, doc. 7 in Kynin and Laufer, SSSR i germanskii vopros, 1:118–19.
116. Additional Soviet minutes, Dec. 18, 1941, doc. 8 in Oleg. A. Rzheshevsky, ed., War and Diplomacy: The Making of the Grand Alliance. Documents from Stalin’s Archives (Amsterdam, 1996), 38.
117. Doc. 7, December 17, ibid., 31.
118. Litvinov to Molotov, Molotov to Litvinov, Dec. 8–11, 1941, in Sovetsko-Amerikanskie otnoseheniya, 1:143–44.
119. This decision was taken at the Arcadia conference in Washington that met from Dec. 22, 1941, to Jan. 14, 1942.
CHAPTER 4. SOVIET AIMS AND WESTERN CONCESSIONS
1. See, e.g., Stalin to Tito, Feb. 1942, in Vladimir Dedijer, Tito Speaks: His Self-Portrait and Struggle with Stalin (London, 1953), 178; Alfred J. Rieber, Stalin and the French Communist Party, 1941–1947 (New York, 1962), 26–33.
2. For the background, see Dimitrov to Stalin, July 1 and Oct. 6, 1934, and Stalin to Dimitrov, Oct. 25, 1934, in Alexander Dallin and F. I. Firsov, eds., Dimitrov and Stalin, 1934–1943: Letters from the Soviet Archives (New Haven, Conn., 2000), 13–22.
3. Entries for July 6 and 7 in Georgi Dimitrov, Dnevnik: mart 1933—fevruari 1949: izbrano (Sofia, 2003), 121–22.
4. Felix I. Chuev, Molotov: Poluderzhavnyii vlastelin (Moscow, 2000), 73–74.
5. Stalin to Molotov, May 24, 1942, doc. 38 in Oleg A. Rzheshevsky, ed., War and Diplomacy: The Making of the Grand Alliance. Documents from Stalin’s Archives (Amsterdam, 1996), 122.
6. Doc. 70, ibid., 176–79; Robert E. Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins: An Intimate History, rev. ed. (New York, 1950), 557–61.
7. Docs. 97 and 98 in Sovetsko-Amerikanskie otnoseheniya vo vremya Velikoi Otechestvennoie Voiny, 1941–1945 (Moscow, 1984), 1:179–80; late-night visit, doc. 98, 1:179–81.
8. Chuev, Molotov, 70–71, 82.
9. Doc. 100 in Sovetsko-Amerikanskie otnoseheniya, 1:187–91; Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins, 575.
10. Winston S. Churchill, The Hinge of Fate (Boston, 1950), 472–502; Martin Gilbert, Churchilclass="underline" A Life (New York, 1991), 726–29; W. Averell Harriman and Elie Abel, Special Envoy to Churchill and Stalin, 1941–1946 (New York, 1975), 159.
11. Doc. 1041, Resident to GKO, Aug. 4, 1942, in S. V. Stepashin, ed., Organy gosudarstvennoi bezopasnosti SSSR v Velikoi Otechestvennoi voyne. Sobornik dokumentov (Moscow, 2003), 3:2:115.
12. Doc. 29, Aug. 16, 1942, in G. P. Kynin and Jochen Laufer, eds., SSSR i germanskii vopros, 1941–1949: dokumenty iz arkhiva vneshnei politiki Rossiiskoi Federastsii (Moscow, 1996), 1:165–67.
13. David Dilks, ed., The Diaries of Sir Alexander Cadogan, 1938–1945 (New York, 1972), 472–74; Martin Kitchen, British Policy Towards the Soviet Union During the Second World War (London, 1986), 132–40.
14. TASS reporter’s letter to Commissariat of Foreign Affairs, Dec. 22, 1936, in AVPRF, f. 0129, op. 20, p. 133a, d. 393, l. 50.
15. George F. Kennan, Memoirs, 1925–1950 (Boston, 1967), 82–83.
16. Entries for Mar. 6–8, 1938, in Joseph E. Davies, Mission to Moscow (New York, 1941), 235–46.
17. Warren F. Kimball, The Juggler: Franklin Roosevelt as Wartime Statesman (Princeton, N.J., 1991), 30–31.
18. William C. Bullitt, “How We Won the War and Lost the Peace,” Life, Aug. 30, 1948, 88.
19. David M. Kennedy, Freedom from Fear: The American People in Depression and War, 1929–1945 (New York, 1999), 465–76.
20. Charles E. Bohlen, Witness to History, 1929–1969 (New York, 1973), 211.
21. Cordell Hull, Memoirs (New York, 1948), 2:1273–74.
22. Dennis J. Dunn, Caught Between Roosevelt and Stalin: America’s Ambassadors to Moscow (Lexington, Ky., 1998), 263.
23. Kennedy, Freedom from Fear, 483–84.
24. Antony Beevor, Stalingrad: The Fateful Siege: 1942–1943 (New York, 1999), 439–40. John Erickson, The Road to Stalingrad: Stalin’s War with Germany (New Haven, Conn., 1975), 47–49.
25. Jeremy Noakes and Geoffrey Pridham, eds., Nazism, 1919–1945, vol. 3, Foreign Policy, War and Racial Extermination (Exeter, U.K., 1995), 3:846–48.
26. Molotov to Stalin, June 7, 1942, doc. 99, in Rzheshevsky, War and Diplomacy, 226.
27. FDR to Churchill, Mar. 18, 1942, in Warren F. Kimball, ed., Churchill and Roosevelt: The Complete Correspondence (Princeton, N.J., 1984), 1:421.