28. Roosevelt to Stalin, May 5, 1943, in Stalin Correspondence, 2:63–64; Todd Bennett, “Culture, Power, and Mission to Moscow: Film and Soviet-American Relations During World War II,” Journal of American History (2001), 489–518.
29. Stalin to Roosevelt, May 26 and June 11, 1943, in Stalin Correspondence, 2:66, 70–71.
30. Hull, Memoirs, 2:1252; New York Times, May 25, 1943.
31. Quoted in David Reynolds, From World War to Cold War: Churchill, Roosevelt, and the International History of the 1940s (Oxford, U.K., 2006), 245.
32. Entry for Apr. 14–28, 1943, in Elke Fröhlich et al., eds., Die Tagebücher von Joseph Goebbels (Munich, 1993), 2:8:101–78.
33. New York Times, July 14, 16, 19, 1945.
34. Stalin to Roosevelt, Apr. 21 and 29, in Stalin Correspondence, 2:61–62.
35. For the meetings May 8–20, see Dimitrov, Dnevnik, 179–83; New York Times (May 29, 1943).
36. V. K. Volkov, Uzlovye problemy noveishei istorii stran Tsentralnoi i Iugo-Vostochnoi Evropy, rev. and expanded as Stalin wollte ein anderes Europa: Moskaus Aussenpolitik 1940 bis 1968 und die Folgen, eine Dokumentation, Harald Neubert, ed. (Berlin, 2003), 148–49.
37. Entries for May 20–June 12, 1943, in Dimitrov, Dnevnik, 182–89; Mark Kramer, “The Role of the CPSU International Department in Soviet Foreign Relations and National Security Policy,” Soviet Studies (1990), 429–46.
38. Alexander Werth, Russia at War, 1941–1945 (1964; New York, 1984), 672–73.
39. François Furet, The Passing of an Illusion: The Idea of Communism in the Twentieth Century (Chicago, 1999), 346.
40. Gerhard Wettig, Stalin and the Cold War in Europe: The Emergence and Development of East-West Conflict, 1939–1953 (Lanham, Md., 2008), 25–26.
41. GARF, f. 6991, op. 1, d. 1, l. 1–10.
42. Steven Merritt Miner, Stalin’s Holy War: Religion, Nationalism, and Alliance Politics, 1941–1945 (Chapel Hill, N.C., 2003), 123, 136–40.
43. Ibid., 123–40; Robert Dallek, Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Foreign Policy, 1932–1945 (New York, 1979), vii.
44. Hull, Memoirs, 2:1247–64.
45. Docs. 60–77 in Kynin and Laufer, eds., SSSR i germanskii vopros, 1941–1949, 1:177–240.
46. Jochen Laufer, Pax Sovietica: Stalin, die Westmächte und die deutsche Frage, 1941–1945 (Cologne, 2009), 361–64.
47. Harriman and Abel, Special Envoy, 256–83.
48. Bohlen minutes, in FRUS, The Conferences at Cairo and Tehran, 1943, 483–86; Bohlen, Witness to History, 139–43. Though he was not the translator at the first meeting, see also Valintin M. Berezhkov, Kak ya stal perevodchikom Stalin (Moscow, 1993), 251–59.
49. Sovetskii Soyuz na mezhdunarodnykh konferentsiyakh perioda Velikoi Otechestvennoi Voiny, 1941–1945 gg.: Sbornik dokumentov: t. 2 Tegeranskaya konferentsiya rukovoditelei trekh soyuznykh derzhav—SSSR, SShA i Velikobritanii (Moscow, 1984), 85–86, henceforth Tegeranskaya konferentsiya.
50. Ibid., 115–17; FRUS, Cairo and Tehran, dinner, 538–39; luncheon meeting, Nov. 30, 565–68; Roosevelt to Stalin, telegram, Dec. 6, 819.
51. For the suggestion that Stalin did not want dismemberment, see Andrei A. Gromyko, Pamiatnoe (Moscow, 1990), 1:215.
52. Tegeranskaya konferentsiya, 146–50; FRUS, Cairo and Tehran, 600.
53. Diary entry for Jan. 5, 1943, cited in Jochen Laufer, “Stalins Friedensziele und die Kontinuität der sowjetischen Deutschlandpolitik 1941–1953,” in Jürgen Zarusky, ed., Stalin und die Deutschen: Neue Beiträge der Forschung (Munich, 2006), 142.
54. For Hull’s meeting in the White House, Oct. 4–5, 1943, see Hull, Memoirs, 2:1265.
55. Tegeranskaya konferentsiya, 148–50; FRUS, Cairo and Tehran, 600–4, 847.
56. FRUS, Cairo and Tehran, 598–605.
57. Tegeranskaya konferentsiya, 150.
58. Ibid., 147–48; FRUS, Cairo and Tehran, 510–12; Winston S. Churchill, Closing the Ring (Boston, 1953), 362; Anthony Eden, The Reckoning: The Memoirs of Anthony Eden, Earl of Avon (Boston, 1965), 495–96; Valentin M. Berezhkov, Stranitsy diplomaticheskoi istorii (Moscow 1987), 287–88, 520–21.
59. Sergo Beria, Beria, My Father: Inside Stalin’s Kremlin (London, 2001), 94.
60. Tegeranskaya konferentsiya, 148–49; FRUS, Cairo and Tehran, 594–96, 600; Bohlen, Witness to History, 151.
61. See, e.g., Francis Dostál Raška, The Czechoslovak Exile Government in London and the Sudeten German Issue (Prague, 2002), 44, 51.
62. Tegeranskaya konferentsiya, 151–52; FRUS, Cairo and Tehran, 594–95.
63. Tegeranskaya konferentsiya, 104–5; FRUS, Cairo and Tehran, 531.
64. Bohlen, Witness to History, 153.
65. On the visit in March 1944, see Milovan Djilas, Conversations with Stalin (New York, 1962), 73.
66. Steven J. Zaloga, Bagration 1944: The Destruction of Army Group Center (Westport, Conn., 2004), 42–84.
67. Alexander M. Vasilevsky, Delo vsei zhizni (Moscow, 1978), 398–417; Georgi K. Zhukov, Vospominaniya i razmyshleniya (Moscow, 2002), 2:224–30.
68. Chris Bellamy, Absolute War: Soviet Russia in the Second World War (New York, 2007), 612–13; Evan Mawdsley, Thunder in the East: The Nazi-Soviet War, 1941–1945 (London, 2005), 303; and David M. Glantz and Jonathan House, When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler (Lawrence, Kansas, 1995), 196.
69. Walter Hubatsch, ed., Hitlers Weisungen für die Kriegsführung, 1939–1945. Dokumente des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht (Munich, 1965), 281–85.
70. John Erickson, The Road to Berlin: Stalin’s War with Germany (New Haven, Conn., 1983), 202–24.
71. See Antony Beevor and Luba Vinogradova, eds., A Writer at War: Vasily Grossman with the Red Army, 1941–1945 (New York, 2005), 273–74.
72. Zhukov, Vospominaniya i razmyshleniya, 2:233.
73. Remark overheard by Werth, Russia at War, 863. See also Erickson, Road to Berlin, 228–29.
74. Catherine Merridale, Ivan’s War: Life and Death in the Red Army, 1939–1945 (New York, 2006), 278–81.
75. For German casualties, see table 59, Rüdiger Overmans, Deutsche militärische Verluste im Zweiten Weltkrieg (Munich, 2004), 277; convenient Soviet figures are in Glantz and House, When Titans Clashed, 214–15.
76. Entries for Aug. 29–31, 1944, in Mihail Sebastian, Journal, 1935–1944 (Chicago, 2000), 608–10.