12. Docs. 53 and 54, Feb. 17, 1945, in SSSR i Polsha, 407–9.
13. Doc. 44, March 17, 1945, in Volokitina et al., Sovetskii faktor, 1:165–66.
14. Doc. 112 in T. V. Volokitina et al., eds., Vostochnaya Evropa v dokumentakh rossiiskikh arkhivov (Moscow, 1997–98), 1:301–3.
15. Antoni Dudek and Andrzej Paczkowski, “Polen,” in Łukasz Kamiński, Krzysztof Persak, and Jens Gieseke, eds., Handbuch der kommunistischen Geheimdienste in Osteuropa, 1944–1991 (Göttingen, 2009), 265–89.
16. Włodzimierz Borodziej and Hans Lemberg, eds., Die Deutschen östlich von Oder und Neisse 1945–1950: Dokumente aus polnischen Archiven (Marburg, 2000), 2:55, 1:87, henceforth Dokumente aus polnischen Archiven.
17. Ibid., 3:311.
18. Andrzej Paczkowski, The Spring Will Be Ours: Poland and the Poles from Occupation to Freedom (University Park, Pa., 2003), 178–85; Kersten, Establishment of Communist Rule, 279–81.
19. Message from Warsaw, June 30, 1946, doc. 102 in Volokitina et al., Sovetskii faktor, 1:311–13.
20. Doc. 169 in Volokitina et al., Vostochnaya Evropa, 1:505; Soviet adviser report to Moscow, July 22, 1946, doc. 110 in Volokitina et al., Sovetskii faktor, 1:326–27.
21. Doc. 169 in Volokitina et al., Vostochnaya Evropa, 1:510–11.
22. Kersten, Establishment of Communist Rule, 331, 335.
23. Behrends, Die erfundene Freundschaft, 100, 115–16.
24. Maciej Korkuć, “Wybory 1947—mit załoz·ycielski komunizmu,” Biuletynie Instytutu Pamie¸ci Narodowej 1–2 (2007), 106–15.
25. V. F. Zima, Golod v SSSR 1946–1947 godov: Proiskhozdenie i posledstviia (Moscow, 1996), 149, 179.
26. Mikołajczyk, Rape of Poland, 230–50.
27. Andrzej Werblan, “Władysław Gomułka and the Dilemma of Polish Communism,” International Political Science Review/Revue internationale de science politique (1988), 143–58.
28. Detlev Brandes, Der Weg zur Vertreibung 1938–1945: Pläne und Entscheidungen zum “Transfer” der Deutschen aus der Tschechoslowakei und Polen, 2nd ed. (Munich, 2005), 88.
29. Edvard Beneš, “The Organization of Postwar Europe,” Foreign Affairs (Jan. 1942), 226–42.
30. July 6, 1942, in Brandes, Der Weg zur Vertreibung, 168.
31. May 12, 1942, ibid., 217–18.
32. Ibid., 226–27.
33. Record of the talks reprinted in Vojtech Mastny, ed., “The Beneš-Stalin-Molotov Conversations in December 1943: New Documents,” in Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas (1972), 367–402.
34. Georgi Dimitrov, Dnevnik: mart 1933–fevruari 1949: izbrano (Sofia, 2003), 195.
35. Gusev talk with Beneš, March 17, 1945, doc. 46 in Volokitina et al., Sovetskii faktor, 1:173–74.
36. Quoted in Karel Kaplan, The Short March: The Communist Takeover in Czechoslovakia, 1945–1948 (London, 1987), 11.
37. Hubert Ripka, Czechoslovakia Enslaved: The Story of the Communist Coup d’état (London, 1950), 30–31.
38. Chad Black, Prague in Black: Nazi Rule and Czech Nationalism (Cambridge, Mass., 2007), 235.
39. Report 29 in Dokumentation der Vertreibung der Deutschen aus Ost-Mitteleuropa, vol. 4, Tschechoslowakei (reprint, Munich, 2004), part 2, 159, henceforth Dokumentation der Vertreibung.
40. Report 25, ibid., 4:2:132–38.
41. Brandes, Der Weg zur Vertreibung, 412; Benjamin Frommer, National Cleansing: Retribution Against Nazi Collaborators in Postwar Czechoslovakia (Cambridge, U.K., 2005), 40–41.
42. Jiři Petráš and František Svátek, “Transport über die Grenze: Geschichte und Vorgeschichte der Aussiedlung der Deutschen Bevölkerung aus Südböhmen, 1945–1947,” http://www.demokratiezentrum.org.
43. Report 29 in Dokumentation der Vertreibung 4:2:161–63.
44. Jeremy King, Budweisers into Czechs and Germans: A Local History of Bohemian Politics, 1848–1948 (Princeton, N.J., 2002), 192.
45. Tomáš Stanĕk, Internierung und Zwangsarbeit: Das Lagersystem in den böhmischen Ländern, 1945–1948 (Munich, 2007), 41–47, 66.
46. Ibid., 137, 164, 225.
47. Doc. 59 in Volokitina et al., Sovetskii faktor, 1:205–8; Norman M. Naimark, Fires of Hatred: Ethnic Cleansing in Twentieth-Century Europe (Princeton, N.J., 2001), 109.
48. Doc. 62 in Volokitina et al., Sovetskii faktor, 1:212–13.
49. Brandes, Der Weg zur Vertreibung, 438, 414.
50. Eagle Glassheim, “The Mechanics of Ethnic Cleansing: The Expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia, 1945–1947,” in Philipp Ther and Ana Siljak, eds., Redrawing Nations: Ethnic Cleansing in East-Central Europe, 1944–1948 (New York, 2001), 204.
51. Bradley F. Abrams, The Struggle for the Soul of the Nation: Czech Culture and the Rise of Communism (Lanham, Md., 2005), 53–68.
52. Heda Margolius Kovály, Under a Cruel Star: A Life in Prague, 1941–1968 (New York, 1997), 67–70.
53. An activist from 1968 quoted in Abrams, Struggle for the Soul, 56; see also Kaplan, Short March, 34–37.
54. Czech CP report, July 16, 1946, doc. 108 in Volokitina et al., Sovetskii faktor, 1:318–22.
55. Petr Blažek and Pavel Žáček, “Tschechoslowakei,” in Kamiński, Persak, and Gieseke, Handbuch, 395–413; Ripka, Czechoslovakia Enslaved, 150–52.
56. Kaplan, Short March, 133–44; Ripka, Czechoslovakia Enslaved, 154–55.
57. Zdenĕk Radvanovský, “The Social and Economic Consequences of Resettling Czechs into Northwestern Bohemia, 1945–1947,” in Ther and Siljak, Redrawing Nations, 251.
58. Petráš and Svátek, “Transport über die Grenze.” See also Martin Broszat, Nach Hitler: Der schwierige Umgang mit unserer Geschichte (Munich, 1988), 185–88; 242–44.
59. Doc. 147 in Volokitina et al., Sovetskii faktor, 1:408–12; also doc. 141 in Volokitina et al., Vostochnaya Evropa, 402–6.
60. Czech CP report, not later than Nov. 2, 1946, doc. 127 in Volokitina et al., Vostochnaya Evropa, v dokumentakh rossiiskikh arkhivov, 363–65.
61. Speech, Jan. 12, 1942, and government declaration, Feb. 24, 1942, quoted in Brandes, Der Weg zur Vertreibung, 177–78.
62. John Colville, conversation: Dec. 12, 1940, in Rainer A. Blasius, ed., Dokumente zur Deutschlandpolitik, 1:3, September bis 31. Dezember 1941. Britische Deutschlandpolitik (Frankfurt am Main, 1984), 255–56.
63. Quoted in Naimark, Fires of Hatred, 54.
64. Dokumente aus polnischen Archiven, 1:481–83.
65. Harriman to Secretary of State, Apr. 10, 1945, in FRUS, 1945, 5:208. Kennan to Secretary of State, Apr. 18, 1945, in FRUS, 1945, 5:229–31.