Abkhazia
Academy of Sciences Affair
Achinsk
Adelkhanov, Emile
Adelkhanov Shoe Factory, Tbilisi
Agitprop Department (Secretariat)
agriculture: Lenin’s policy on; Stalin’s policy on; increased output under Second Five-Year Pan; in war; see also peasants
Akhkazia
Akhmatova, Anna
Albania,
Alexander I, Tsar
Alexandra, Empress of Nicholas II
Alexandrov, Alexander
Alexeev, General Mikhail
Alexei, Tsarevich
Alikhanov, General
All-People’s Union for the Struggle for Russia’s Regeneration
Alliluev family: Stalin and Sverdlov stay with after escape; and Stalin’s exile to Siberia; Lenin and Stalin move in with; and Stalin’s marriage to Nadya; on Stalin’s vindictiveness; relations with Stalin after Nadya’s death
Alliluev, Fëdor (Fedya; Nadya’s brother)
Alliluev, Pavel (Nadya’s brother); death
Alliluev, Sergei (Nadya’s father): Stalin meets in St Petersburg; arrested; and Stalin’s exile in Siberia; and Stalin’s return from exile; stays at Zubalovo; and arrest of Redens; death; memoir of Stalin
Alliluev, Vladimir (Stalin’s nephew)
Allilueva, Anna (Nadya’s sister): imprisoned in Lubyanka; attracted to Stalin; and Stalin’s readiness for revolution; marriage to Redens; and Nadya’s effects after suicide; tells Svetlana of mother’s suicide; husband arrested; memoir of Stalin; arrested and sentenced
Allilueva, Kira (Alexander/Yevgenia’s daughter)
Allilueva, Nadezhda (Stalin’s second wife; Nadya): mental problems; and Stalin’s exile in Siberia; Stalin meets on return from exile; attracted to Stalin; and Stalin’s stay in home of; works as Stalin’s secretary; accompanies Stalin on grain-procurement mission; marriage to Stalin; appearance and character; career ambitions; marriage relations; children and home life; excluded from Party membership; temperament; works for Lenin; and Stalin’s flirting and romances; studies at Industrial Academy; Bukharin visits; health difficulties; trip to Germany for treatment; suicide and funeral; letters from Stalin; housekeeping
Allilueva, Olga (Nadya’s mother): and Stalin’s exile in Siberia; Stalin visits on return from exile; looks after Stalin in hiding; and Nadya’s home life; depression and death
Allilueva, Svetlana (Stalin’s daughter): and father’s upbringing; birth; and mother’s suicide; takes ride on Metro; writes memoirs; relations with father; upbringing; romances; marriage to Morozov; congratulates Stalin on victory over Germany; dacha; marriage to Yuri Zhdanov; at Stalin’s 73rd birthday party; and Stalin’s stroke and death; changes surname after Stalin’s death
Allilueva, Yevgenia (Pavel’s wife)
Andreev, Andrei
Anglo-Soviet Treaty (March 1921)
Anti-Comintern Pact (1936)
anti-semitism; see also Jews
Anti-Soviet Trotskyist-Zinovievite Centre
Antonov, General Alexei
Arcos (trading company)
Arctic convoys
Armenia: subdued; as Soviet republic; borders disputed
atheism
atomic bomb: USA develops and uses; USSR plans to develop; USSR acquires
Attlee, Clement: replaces Churchill as Prime Minister; Stalin unimpressed by; policy of coexistence; noninterference in eastern Europe; denigrated in USSR; protests at potential US nuclear weapons in Korea
Auschwitz
Austria: Germany annexes; post-war occupation
autonomous republics: established
Axelrod, Pavel
Azerbaijan: subdued; as Soviet republic; borders disputed; Bolshevik appeasement of; leaders deported (1926)
Babel, Isaak
Bacon, Arthur
Badaev, Alexander
Bagashvili, Spartak
Bagration, Operation
Baibakov, Nikolai
Baikalov, Anatoli
Bakinski rabochi (newspaper)
Baku: Marxism in; ethnic hatreds in; Stalin in; Menshevik-Bolshevik rivalry in
Baltic states: resist Soviet expansionism; USSR occupies; and Soviet advance; armed resistance in; dissenters sent to Gulag; see also Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania
Barbarossa, Operation: surprises Stalin; planned; successes
Barbusse, Henri
Barrio, Diego
Bashkirs
Basic Law (1905)
Batumi
Bauer, Otto
Bauman, Nikolai
Bazhanov, Boris
Beaverbrook, William Maxwell Aitken, 1st Baron
Bedny, Demyan
Belorussia: and autonomisation; established as Soviet state; nationhood; Germans overrun; resistance to Soviet rule in
Beneš, Eduard
Berdzvenishvili, V.
Beria, Lavrenti: cruelty; visits Stalin on Black Sea; publishes article on Bolsheviks in Transcaucasus; career; heads NKVD; association with Stalin; reports on economic success of Gulag; and Nazi-Soviet pact (1939); actions in Poland; at German invasion of USSR; in conduct of war; repressive measures in war; and women; trouble-making in Stavka; heads Soviet atomic research programme; on counter-productive effect of repression; Stalin entertains; status and power; investigates Zhdanov’s death; favours post-war reforms; refuses to wear tie; Stalin turns against; Stalin suspects of conspiracy; at Nineteenth Party Congress; fears of denunciation by Stalin; executed; and Stalin’s stroke; at Stalin’s death; position after Stalin’s death; suspected of murdering Stalin; eulogy at Stalin’s funeral; reforms after Stalin’s death; collects tape recordings of Stalin’s instructions to police agencies; arrested (1953)
Beria, Nina
Beria, Sergo: on Stalin’s mother; relations with Svetlana; on Tehran conference; learns to fly
Berlin: Stalin visits; conquest of; occupation zones; blockade and airlift (1948–9)
Berman, Jakub
Berzins, R.
Bierut, Bolesław
Birobidzhan
‘Black Hundreds’
Blizhnyaya dacha
Blum, Léon
Bobrovski, Vladimir
Bogdanov, Alexander; Short Course in Economic Science
Bolsheviks: formed by Party split; in Georgia; Stalin’s commitment to; differences with Mensheviks; funding by criminal means; idealise revolution; win seats in Fourth Duma; as threat to Imperial rule; oppose participation in First World War; conflict with Provisional Government; and national question; discuss revolutionary seizure of power from April 1917; revolutionary doctrine; attempt to call off protest demonstration (July 1917); at Democratic State Conference (1917); control Petrograd and Moscow Soviets; policy unformulated; commitment to centralism; use of terror; attacked by Cossack armies; internal opposition; fear of counter-revolution; factionalism and inefficiency; unpopularity; membership numbers; and state-directed economy; and ‘cultural revolution’; and political repression; and crisis of capitalism;
Conferences: Seventh Party (1917); Ninth Party (1920); Thirteenth Party (1924)
Congresses: Sixth Party (1917); Eighth Party (1919); Tenth Party (1921); Eleventh Party (1922); Twelfth Party (1923); Thirteenth Party (1924); Fourteenth Party (1925); Fifteenth Party (1927); Sixteenth Party (1930); Seventeenth Party (1934); Eighteenth Party (1939); Nineteenth Party (1952); Twentieth Party (1956); Twenty-Second Party (1961)
Book of Delicious and Healthy Food, The
Borotbists
Brdzola (Marxist newspaper)
Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of (1918)
Brezhnev, Leonid
Britain: calls for negotiations in 1920 Soviet war with Poland; Politburo perceives as threat; severs relations with USSR (1927); neutrality in Spanish Civil War; pre-war coolness towards USSR; and German invasion threat (1940); withstands Germany; Stalin’s post-war view of; abandons treaty with Sovnarkom (1921); post-war decline; reluctance to fight war with USSR
Brooke, General Alan (later Viscount Alanbrooke)