Left Opposition: supports Trotski; criticises economic policy; Stalin defeats
Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
Lend-Lease
Lenin in October (film)
Lenin, Vladimir: founds USSR; Stalin’s early impressions, of; Stalin’s attitude to; agrarian policy; and founding of Iskra; Stalin meets in Finland; at 1905 Stockholm conference; at London conference (1907); offers deal to Georgian Mensheviks; accepts criminal funding; breaks with Mensheviks; forms new Central Committee; co-opts Stalin onto Central Committee; praises Stalin; Stalin meets in Kraków; convenes conference in Prague; as thinker; Stalin’s disagreements with; and national question; attacks Jews; opposes Russian participation in First World War; letter from Stalin in exile; demands overthrow of Provisional Government; returns to Russia; revolutionary policy; in hiding following arrest warrant; regard for Trotski; drafts decrees on land and peace; forms Sovnarkom; disfavours coalition of socialist parties; foreign policy; forms Cheka; and separate peace with Central Powers; and state terror; in Civil War; and Stalin’s authority in Volga region; and control of Cheka; Stalin defers to; prestige; and war with Poland (1920); attends Ninth Party Conference; and Trotski’s condemnation of trade unions; introduces New Economic Policy; seeks control of central party apparatus; approves appointment of Stalin as General Secretary of Party; health problems; administrative duties; assassination attempt on; view of and relations with Stalin; renewed alliance with Trotski; favours federal structure; Testament (‘Letter to the Congress’); and Stalin’s abuse of Krupskaya; death and funeral; posthumous cult; Stalin writes on; Nadya Allilueva works for; speaks at Tenth Party Congress; and Stalin’s personality; on capitalist competitiveness; and Mayakovski; belief in outside interference; and promotion of professionally competent; rebukes Stalin for violence; on decisive action; compared with Stalin; cult; in Stalinist Short Course; and world revolution; proposed evacuation of corpse in war; view of foreign hostility; on end of capitalism; ideological influence on Stalin; Stalin invokes in Nineteenth Party Congress speech; communist state policy; April Theses; ‘Better Fewer But Better’; ‘Marxism and Insurrection’; Materialism and Empiriocriticism; The State and Revolution; What Is To Be Done?
Leningrad see St Petersburg
Leningrad Affair (1948)
Leningrad Opposition
Levitan, Isaak
Libya: as Soviet protectorate
Lie, Trygve
linguistics: Stalin’s interest in
literacy and numeracy: increased
Lithuania: resists Soviet expansionism; regains Vilnius; established as Soviet republic; reclaims independence; and German expansionism; Stalin demands and occupies; Germans conquer; reannexed by USSR; Stalin’s post-war aims in; armed resistance in; deportations from; see also Baltic states
Litvinov, Maxim
Livanova, V.
Lominadze, Vissarion
London: Stalin attends 1907 Party conference in
Longjumeau, near Paris
Low, (Sir) David
Lozgachëv, Pavel
Ludwig, Emile
Lunacharski, Anatoli
Luxemburg, Rosa
Lvov, Prince Georgi
Lysenko, Timofei
MacArthur, General Douglas
Machavariani, David
Machiavelli, Niccolò, The Prince,
Maclean, Donald
McNeal, Robert
Mach, Ernst
Magnitogorsk
Maiski, Ivan
Makharadze, Pilipe
Malenkov, Georgi: opposes Great Terror; class background; association with Stalin; and Nazi-Soviet pact (1939); and conduct of war; wartime responsibilities; on counter-productive effect of repression; encourages light industry; at Cominform Conference; visits Stalin; and administrative reforms; status and appointments; regains favour; in Leningrad Affair; and Stalin’s 70th birthday celebrations; studies political economy; Stalin teases for corpulence; delivers Central Committee political report at Nineteenth Party Congress; Stalin suspects of conspiracy; heads permanent commission on foreign affairs; fears Stalin’s disfavour; Stalin entertains; and Stalin’s stroke; and succession to Stalin; at Stalin’s funeral; reforms after Stalin’s death; rivalry with Khrushchëv
Malinovski, Roman
Malkina, Yekaterina
Manchuria (Manchukuo): Japan occupies; Stalin orders invasion of; Soviet dominance of
Mandelshtam, Osip
Manstein, General Erich von
Manuilski, Dmitri
Mao Tse-tung
Marchlewski, Julian
Markizova, Gelya
Marr, Nikolai
Marshall, General George: European recovery plan
Martov, Yuli: in Russian Social Democratic Workers’ Party split; at 1905 Stockholm conference; at 1907 London conference; exiled to Turukhansk; Stalin charges with slander
Marx, Karclass="underline" Bogdanov on; on capitalist competitiveness; on global revolution; on end of capitalism; influence on Stalin
Marxism-Leninism: Stalin’s commitment to; in Georgia; appeal to intellectuals; predicts class war; and national question; in Finland; propagated; and foreign policy; reasserted in war; and dictatorship of proletariat; promoted
Masaryk, Jan
Maslov, Pëtr
Matsesta
Mayakovski, Vladimir
Mdivani, Budu
Medvedev, Roy
Meir, Golda
Mekhlis, Lev
Mendeleev, Dmitri
Mensheviks: ridicule Stalin; formed by Party split; in Georgia; differences with Bolsheviks; Lenin breaks with; excluded from Central Committee; and national question; support Provisional Government; Kamenev and Stalin attack; members transfer to Bolsheviks; and Democratic State Conference; control soviets; walk out from Second Congress of Soviets; Bolsheviks’ fear of rivalry; as potential opposition to Stalin
Menzhinski, Vladimir
Mercader, Ramón
Merkulov, V.N.
Merzhanov, Miron
Meyer, Ernst
Meyerkhold, Vsevolod
MGB (Ministry of State Security); see also NKVD
Mgeladze, Akaki
Michels, Roberto
Mikhail, Grand Duke
Mikhalkov, Sergei
Mikhoels, Solomon
Mikolajczyk, Stanislaw
Mikoyan, Anastas: dacha; Stalin’s assessment of; and grain procurement; in Politburo; relations with Stalin; Armenian origins; writes memoirs; and Stalin’s admiration for Hitler; and Nazi-Soviet pact (1939); in conduct of war; on Stalin’s treatment of Molotov; on Stalin’s timorousness in war; responsibilities for food in war; telephones bugged; status and power; Stalin’s hostility to; and Stalin’s hostility to Voznesenski; proposes list of successors to Stalin; demoted and out of favour
Mikoyan, Ashken (Anastas’s wife)
Milyukov, Pavel
Milyutin, Vladimir
Mingrelians,
Minin, Sergei,
Mnatobi (newspaper)
Mogren (Swedish Police Commissioner)
Molochnikov, Nikolai
Molotov, Vyacheslav: snubs Stalin on return from exile; removed from Russian Bureau; Stalin moves in with; position in Party Secretariat; quarrel with Trotski; Lenin proposes promoting; omitted from Lenin’s Testament; at Lenin’s funeral; supports Stalin in Orgburo; and Stalin’s experience with beggar; recreations; and Stalin’s view of Krupskaya; Stalin complains of Bukharin to; and Stalin’s industrialisation policy; shares Stalin’s assumptions; and Stalin’s demand for export of grain; in Politburo; Stalin devolves power to; and Stalin’s mistrust of colleagues; as Stalin’s confidant; Stalin complains to about Rykov; and growth of state power; approves Nadya Allilueva’s travel abroad; attempts to understand Stalin; argues for industrial slow-down; accompanies Stalin family on Metro ride; Stalin’s correspondence with; writes memoirs; shares Stalin’s class attitudes; on Stalin’s fears of ‘fifth column’; and Yezhov’s appointment to NKVD; argues with Pyatnitski; participates in Great Terror; Stalin asks to prevent publication of articles; and Yezhov’s decline; class background; disagreements with Stalin; wife arrested; in People’s Commissariat of External Affairs; signs 1939 nonaggression pact with Germany; and Stalin’s view of Hitler; and Baltic States; on Stalin’s war preparations; attempts to delay war with Germany; at German invasion of USSR; on Stalin’s reaction to German invasion; in wartime Stavka; supports Stalin in conduct of war; musical abilities; social life with Stalin5; Stalin’s treatment of; responsibility for tanks in war; in Berlin (1940); entertains Churchill in Moscow; and German-Polish border; demands continuing offensive; and post-war Soviet influence in world; negotiates Soviet role in UN; readiness to accept Marshall Aid; in antiTito campaign; and exploitation of eastern Europe; singing with Stalin; loyalty to Stalin; Stalin humiliates; self-control; telephones bugged; demoted and out of favour; and withering away of state; rejects socialism in one country doctrine; and succession to Stalin; wine-drinking; position after Stalin’s death; eulogy at Stalin’s funeral; approves reforms after Stalin’s death