Peterson, Rudolf, 205, 228, 397
Peter the First (film), 466
Petropavlovsk (cruiser), 764
Petrovsky, Hryhory, 99, 605
Petsamo, Finland, 710, 711, 714, 718
Philby, Harold “Kim,” 221–22, 656, 725, 800, 836
and attempted assassination of Franco, 409
Phipps, Eric, 167–68
Hitler’s meeting with, 275–76
Picasso, Pablo, 411
Pieck, Wilhelm, 189, 259, 401–2
Pike, Operation, 762
Pikel, Richard, 313, 320, 324
Piłsudski, Józef, 89, 102, 158, 159, 173, 223, 239, 252, 257, 590, 689
Platon Krechet (Korniychuk), 274
Ploieşti oilfields, 796, 817
Pogodin, Nikolai, 476, 788
Poincaré, Raymond, 61
Poland, 17, 92, 168, 275, 485, 557, 685
Belorussians and Ukrainians in, 569, 574, 689
British and French “guarantee” of independence of, 614–15, 616, 617, 653, 654, 662, 674, 676
British mutual assistance treaty with, 677, 679–80
British relations with, 597
Czechoslovak territory annexed by, 574, 609
discrimination against Jews in, 736–37
Eastern Pact rejected by, 189
in efforts to destabilize Ukraine, 89, 93
French military alliance with, 158, 592, 597, 612, 634, 677, 680
German alliance rejected by, 634, 638
German invasion of, 678–79, 682, 684–85, 691, 736, 826
German relations with, 291–92, 562, 596–97, 613–14
German-Soviet division of, 664, 684–87
Germany’s planned invasion of, 620–21, 636–37, 646, 651, 659–60, 661–62, 664, 675, 676–77
interwar dictatorship of, 430
Japanese-Soviet war as goal of, 597
Japan’s sharing of intelligence with, 597
lack of planning for German war by, 679
Nazi nonaggression declaration with, 157–58, 159, 222–23, 630, 631
in offers of cooperation with Japan, 93, 597
possible Soviet preemptive attack on, 245
Radek’s secret negotiations with, 158, 159
Romanian alliance of, 158
Soviet accusations of espionage by, 487
Soviet intelligence network in, 220–21
Soviet invasion of, 681, 683–91, 775
Soviet mutual assistance pact rejected by, 634
Soviet nonaggression pact with, 93, 102, 168, 683
Soviet occupation of, 688–89
Soviet relations with, 211, 292, 298, 574, 597
Stalin’s desire for nonaggression pact with, 89
Stalin’s fear of invasion by, 27, 50, 54, 84, 143, 239, 568, 578
standing army of, 112
Triple Alliance proposal and, 647
Ukrainians in, 689, 693
Poland, Nazi-occupied, German troops in, 820
Poland, Soviet-occupied, 773
denunciations encouraged in, 771
deportations to labor camps in, 771
single-candidate elections in, 772
Poles, as slave labor in Germany, 688
Poles, in USSR, 476
mass arrests and executions of, 453
Polish army:
casualties of, 687
Gulag internment of, 687
slaughter of officers of, 795
Soviet internment of officers of, 687
Polish Corridor, 596, 597, 615, 616, 652, 655, 677, 679
Polish intelligence, 413, 597
Japan’s intelligence sharing with, 527
Soviet agents of, 691
Polish POWs, 687, 744–45
Soviet and German slaughter of, 745
Polish-Soviet War (1919–20), 51, 687, 690
politburo, 64, 113, 191, 403, 768, 831, 839, 863, 907
Bukharin expelled from, 29
as bypassed by Stalin dictatorship, 56–57, 58–59, 586
expulsion of Syrtsov from, 64
famine relief measures approved by, 123
Kirov murder and, 205
1936 capital budget of, 258
party history commission of, 179
Rykov’s expulsion from, 65, 68
Spanish civil war and, 338
Stalin’s dictating of decisions of, 162
Stalin’s holidays and, 136
telephone voting by, 162
voting members of, 308
workload of, 440
wrecking investigations of, 57
Polonsky, Ruven “Vladimir,” 56–57
Port Arthur, China, 30, 70
Portsmouth, Treaty of (1905), 83
Poskryobyshev, Alexander, 46, 162, 205, 274, 526, 594, 663, 734, 738, 889–90
Postyshev, Pavel, 124, 209–10, 278, 323, 370, 385, 387
Potyomkin, Grigory, 246, 357, 530, 560, 562, 565, 568, 578, 623, 634, 663, 683, 710, 716, 722
POUM (Workers Party of Marxist Unification, Spanish), 339, 400–401, 406, 408
Koltsov’s attack on, 364–65
mass arrests of, 425, 431
NKVD infiltration of, 408
outlawing of, 410–11
Soviet showcase trials condemned by, 343–44
Spanish Communist attacks on, 364
Stalin dictatorship attacked by, 368
Stalin’s condemnation of, 368
Pravda:
articles on Keke in, 271
Beria criticized in, 508, 509–10
Beria’s articles in, 504
Kirov murder and, 208, 209
Koltsov as Spanish war correspondent for, 334–35, 339, 351, 352, 364, 406, 408–9, 459–60
mass arrests at, 408
Mekhlis as editor of, 425
Nadya’s death announced in, 111–12
Stalin biography published in, 734
Stalin’s criticism of, 356
Stalin’s fiftieth birthday celebrated in, 32–33
presidium, Supreme Soviet, 475, 543, 908
press, Soviet, fanning of mass hysteria by, 439
Primakov, Vitali, 331, 411, 423–24
Prince, The (Machiavelli), vii, 493
Princip, Gavrilo, 88
Prinkipo (Prince’s Isle), Trotsky’s exile to, 13, 28, 62, 130
prisons, population of, 598
Prokofyev, Sergei, 292–93, 671, 733, 770
Proletarian Revolution, 178
proletariat, “dictatorship” of, 14, 37, 51, 114, 320, 335, 353
propaganda, propagandists, Soviet:
anti-British, 780
1938 meeting of, 570–74
Proskurov, Ivan, 636, 651, 753
Provisional Government, Russian, 301, 467
Pushkin, Alexander, 379
Putna, Vitovt, 331, 423–24
Pu-Yi, Henry, 92
Pyatakov, Georgy “Yuri,” 33, 46, 50, 320, 330, 370, 371, 384, 437
arrest of, 443
execution of, 373, 376
party expulsion of, 337
Pyatnitsky, Osip, 171, 172, 189, 446, 447
Pyryev, Ivan, 293–94
Quiet Flows the Don (Dzerzhinsky), 283
Quiet Flows the Don (Sholokhov), 283
Quisling, Vidkun, 368, 762
Rachmaninov, Sergei, 292
Raczyński, Edward, 575, 622
Radek, Karl, 121, 155, 181, 326, 370, 373
on alleged Trotskyite-Zinovievite conspiracy, 331–32
murder of, 637
in secret negotiations with Poland, 158, 159
Radiant Path, The (film), 795
radio, Soviet:
cable (wired) as dominant technology of, 216–17
Stalin’s speeches broadcast on, 352
tight government control of, 217
Radio Comintern, 217
Radio Moscow, 217
Radó, Sándor (“Dora”), 858, 872
Raeder, Erich, 473, 783, 784, 791, 815, 838, 900
Raikin, Arkady, 732–33
railroads, Soviet:
accidents on, 325
as weak point in military capability, 260–61, 290
Ramzin, Leonid, 60–61, 62
Raskolnikov, Fyodor (Ilin), 274–75, 627
mass terror condemned by, 709
Red Air Force, 824, 839, 861, 893
arrests and executions in, 472
bombers of, 99, 101, 265, 338, 346, 351, 567, 820, 856
fighters of, 78, 346, 351, 567, 668, 756, 820, 839
Red Army:
alleged conspiracies in, 77–78, 331, 350, 378, 391, 411–12, 419, 428, 454
armament buildup of, 20–21, 84–85, 727, 760, 820
Baltic states occupied by, 770–71
dearth of well-trained officers in, 291, 340, 430
decimation of officer corps in, 376–77, 378, 379, 395, 397–98, 407, 414–15, 420–21, 426–27, 428, 430, 434, 473, 495, 521, 536, 537, 551, 562, 563, 578, 592, 603, 754, 757, 781, 893
dysfunctional command structure of, 749