Stalin School of Falsification (Trotsky), 540, 787
State, Bureaucracy, and Absolutism in the History of Russia, The (Olminsky), 493
State and Revolution (Lenin), 494
“State Capitalism or Totalitarian State Economy?” (Hilferding), 760
statecraft:
Stalin’s preoccupation with, 579
terror campaign as, 309, 494–95, 552
Stepanyan, Nerses (Nersik), 503, 504
Stern, Grigory, 382, 406, 538, 650, 667, 669–70, 726, 736, 755, 878
Stetsky, Alexei, 181, 205, 225–26
Stöbe, Ilse (“Alta”), 220, 699–700, 722, 735, 828, 840, 842, 848, 865–66, 877
stock markets:
1929 crash in, 27–28, 32
1931 crash in, 85
Stolypin, Pyotr, 297, 792
Strang, William, 168, 242, 648
Stravinsky, Igor, 292
Sudetenland, 555, 561–62, 563, 565–66, 598
Sudoplatov, Pavel, 610–11, 627, 764, 801, 894
Suicide, The (Erdman), 148
Sukhanovka prison, 438, 549, 618–19
Sukhum, 136, 137, 139, 311
Sumbatov-Topuridze, Yuvelyan, 518, 541
Sunday Express, 166
Supreme Council of the Economy, 32, 66, 82, 91
Supreme Soviet, 354, 383, 471, 475–76, 528, 541, 543, 908
presidium of, 475, 543, 908
Surits, Yakov, 275, 365–66, 402, 403, 623, 633
Suslov, Mikhail, 205, 603–4
Suursaari (Hogland) Island, 711, 714, 719
Svanidze, Alexander “Alyosha,” 108, 388
Svanidze, Ketevan “Kato,” 3, 33, 108, 388
Svanidze, Maria, 108, 191, 211, 212–13, 234–35, 251, 273, 277–78, 365, 388–89
Svechin, Alexander, 2, 168, 825
Sweden, 711, 717, 800, 889
Switzerland, neutrality of, 889
Syrtsov, Sergei, 29, 53, 57–58, 59, 64, 69, 303, 443
Taganka prison, 497
Tajiks, 138, 853
tanks, Soviet, 188, 265–66, 290, 668, 755, 839, 857, 861, 893
acquisition of British and U.S. designs for, 91–92
in Spanish civil war, 344, 346, 351
Stalin’s order for increased production of, 91–92
Tanner, Väinö, 712, 713, 714, 715, 717, 718–19, 746, 747
Tarasova, Alla, 404, 424, 593, 853
Tatekawa, Yoshitsugu, 811, 878–79
Tbilisi (Tiflis), 3, 33, 63, 81–82, 503, 504, 505–6, 514, 542
technology:
Soviet importation of, 71–72
Stalin’s interest in, 74, 188
terror campaign (1936–38), xii, 553, 902
arrests of managers and specialists in, 434, 444, 445, 599, 821
belief that Stalin was unaware of, 481–82
building socialism as justification for, 308
Central Committee decimation in, 443
Comintern arrests in, 446–47
Communists’ conspiratorial worldview as central to, 439–40, 490
death toll in, 305, 313
disorder and inefficiency resulting from, 497
as driven by Stalin’s dark personality and political skill, 490
ethnic groups as targets of, 453–54, 476
extrajudicial killings in, 448
fabrication of evidence in, 570
factors contributing to, 307–8, 438, 439
fatalism and willing complicity in, 450, 543–44, 551
“fifth column” rationale for, 428–29, 613
foreign affairs commissariat arrests in, 447–48
inexplicability of, 480–82, 492, 552
kernels of truth in justification of, 483–84
Lyushkov’s denunciation of, 532–33
mass arrests in, 403–4, 434, 438–39, 443–44, 551
“mass operations” expansion of, 433, 448, 457, 460, 517, 520, 522
military intelligence arrests in, 434, 454–55
Molotov and, 624
national security as justification for, 551
navy arrests in, 702, 704
NKVD blamed for excesses of, 482, 578
NKVD arrests in, 376, 379, 393–94, 405, 415–16, 434, 449–50, 522
“On Anti-Soviet Elements” resolution in, 450
opposition to collectivization as justification for, 484, 495, 576–77
as outgrowth of Stalin dictatorship, 493
party purges in, 43,
purge of administrative apparatus in, 307
quotas in, 433, 437–38, 448, 452
randomness of, 545
Red Army mass arrests in, see Red Army, decimation of officer corps in
scholars’ attempts to understand motive for, 306–7
“spy mania” in, 485–88
Stalin as distanced from implementation of, 552
and Stalin’s need for absolute power, 308–9
as statecraft, 309, 494–95, 552
synopsis of events in, 488–91
total arrests in, 305
troikas in, 450
Trotsky on, 480
uniqueness of, 307, 488
unmasking of “hidden enemies” in, 323–24, 325
winding down of, 578–79
Yezhov as Stalin’s overseer of, 436–37, 448, 453–54, 515, 517, 522–23, 528–29, 578
Tevosyan, Ivan, 752–53, 805
Thälmann, Ernst, 119, 143
They Wanted Peace (film), 548
Thorez, Maurice, 171, 189, 328
Thoughts and Recollections (Bismarck), 791–92
Three Little Pigs (cartoon), 230
Tientsin (Tianjin), China, 125, 233, 457, 653
Til, Karolina, 108, 110–11, 165, 526, 600
Time, Stalin as 1939 “Man of the Year” in, 735
Timoshenko, Semyon, 726, 736, 739, 749, 838–39
as defense commissar, 757–58, 825
full war footing sought by, 881, 895, 897, 898–99, 900, 901
mechanized warfare stressed by, 827
at 1941 military academy graduation, 860, 862
Red Army reforms of, 758–59, 820
and reports of German invasion plans, 879
Soviet war plans and, 844, 870, 871
in Winter War, 743
Tirpitz (battleship), 255, 703
Togliatti, Palmiro, 347, 365, 405, 406
Tolmachev, Vladimir, 113, 114
Tolstoy, Aleksei, 181, 185, 186, 295, 466, 546, 853
Tolstoy, Lev, 2, 231
Tomsky, Mikhail, 12, 15, 45, 68, 113, 331, 430, 437
suicide of, 332, 336, 358, 443
Toroshelidze, Malakia, 181, 187, 260
Tovstukha, Ivan, 154–55, 261
trade unions, 908
transport commissariat, 405
Trilisser, Meyer (Mikhail Moskvin), 22–23, 342, 712, 742
Tripartite Pact, see Axis pact
Triple Alliance, Soviet proposal for, 621–23, 625, 630, 637–38, 646, 651, 653, 655, 656–58, 661, 777, 810
Baltic states as issue in, 633, 634, 638, 639, 647–48
Britain and, 621, 622–23, 625, 630, 632, 646, 647–49, 652, 653, 674, 777
Hitler’s rejection of, 662
Trotsky, Lev, 4, 64, 116, 129, 137, 307, 311, 324, 329, 333, 336, 419, 467
assassination attempts against, 368, 610, 764–65
assassination of, 787, 892
attacks on Stalin dictatorship published by, 13–14
Barbusse’s depiction of, 225–26
on British and French fears of war, 614
and calls for removal of Stalin, 106, 372
culture as viewed by, 132
on German-Soviet Pact, 670
on Krupskaya, 602
on mass arrests, 480
in Mexico, 368, 610, 764, 787, 892
on 1936 constitution, 353
NKVD surveillance of, 322–23, 349, 476
in Norway, 322, 327, 368, 610
Paris operations of, 322–23, 610
in power struggle with Stalin, 11, 12, 155
as Red Army head, 397
Revolution Betrayed published by, 327–28
Ryutin’s praise for, 104
on Soviet invasion of Poland, 690
Spanish civil war and, 323, 335
Stalin dictatorship attacked by, 13–14, 374, 434, 494
Stalin’s coup accusation predicted by, 153–54
Stalin’s demonization of, xii, 13, 62, 237, 299, 314, 320, 322, 335, 352, 375, 386–87, 468–69, 764, 787, 892
Stalin seen as opportunist by, 67–68
Trotskyite-Zinovievite trial and, 331–32
Turkish exile of, 12–13, 28, 130, 506, 610
on Voroshilov, 427, 702
Winter War and, 747
Trotskyites, 232, 278, 350, 370, 377, 391, 394, 419, 429, 516, 571, 577