at Tehran Conference, 229–230
at Yalta Conference, 244–246, Gallery 12
Stalin, Nadezhda Allilueva (second wife): Gallery 8
biography of, 334n8
career of, 252–253
and Khrushchev, 333n1
marriage of, 49, 252, 254–255
suicide of, 3, 255–256
Stalin, Svetlana (daughter). See Allilueva (Alliluyeva), Svetlana Stalin, Vasily (son): Gallery 11
birth of, 152
childhood of, 254, 256
death of, 260
public appearance of, 136–137
relationship with father, 257, 258, 259–260
at Stalin’s deathbed, 250
Stalin, Yakov (son): Gallery 11
birth of, 250–251
childhood and youth of, 25, 27, 252–253
as prisoner of war, 258
relationship with father, 253, 257
Stalin, Yekaterina Svanidze (first wife), 25, 27, 250–251
Stalin Collection of the Russian State Archive of Social and Political History (RGASPI), xiii–xiv
Stalingrad, Battle of, 224–225, 228, 238
Stalingrad (Tsaritsyn), in Civil War, 54–59
Stalinist system: beneficiaries of, 320–322
campaigns and counter-campaigns of, 39
“inevitable Stalinism” theory, xi
modernization as justification for, x–xi
nostalgia for, 330
public mood under, 319–330
victims of, 37–38, 322–323
Standard of living, 262, 323–324
State Defense Committee, 205–207, 240
State security: under Beria, 181, 332–333n1
formation of NKVD, 125
interregnum period reform of, 315
investigation of secret police abuses, 125–126
party opposition suppressed by, 83–85
purges of, 34–35, 36, 40, 303–304
reorganization of, 340n19
reports/summaries as information source, 327
Stalin’s control of, 39–40, 145, 158
Stalin’s guards, 33–34, 35–36
torture by, 38
in wartime, 216
at Yalta Conference, 245–246. See also NKVD
Sudoplatov, Pavel, 353n10
Suny, Ronald Grigor, 12–13
Suvorov, Aleksandr, 2, 242
Svanidze, Aleksandr, 250, 256, 258
Svanidze, Maria, 134, 136
Svanidze, Yekaterina, 25, 27, 250–251
Svanidze family, 250
Svechin, Aleksandr, 95
Sverdlov, Yakov, 29, 30
Tehran Conference, 229–230
Telenkov, S. M., 319
Ter-Petrosian, Simon (Kamo), 26
Terror: anti-Semitic campaign, 340n23
“anti-Soviet elements” operations, 150–151
apologists’ view of, x
casualties of, 38, 151
and class war, 8
conspiracy theories as pretext for, 136
economic consequences of, 161
ended by Stalin’s successors, 314–315
expansion of, 141
foreign intelligence threat as pretext for, 155–157
foreign relations consequences of, 162
grievances and complaints about, 161
against Kremlin staff, 139
against Kulaks, 116, 150
Kirov’s murder as pretext for, 34, 128, 131–132, 134
literature on, 354n1
military consequences of, 162–163, 186
“nationalities” operations, 151
against old guard Bolsheviks, 137–139, 140, 147
overcrowding of camps and prisons in, 122–123, 125
against party and state apparats, 139–140, 144
against Politburo members, 177
political consequences of, 176–177
postwar repression, 268
pullback on, 125–127
against Red Army, 155, 161, 162–163, 355n32
and reconciliation campaign, 135–136
Stalin’s instigation and orders in, 40–41, 150–153, 157–159
Stalin’s relatives as victims of, 257–258
against state security, 34–35, 36, 140, 160
targeted killings, 40
as tool of Stalinist system, 322–323
winding down of, 157, 160–162, 194
Yezhov’s direction of, 139, 140, 152, 157, 158–159, 351n66
Theater, Stalin’s taste in, 97
Tiflis: Bolshevik armed robbery at, 25–26
Social Democratic movement in, 21, 22, 26
Tiflis Meteorological Station, 21
Tiflis Theological Seminary, 15–20, 190
Timoshenko, Semen Konstantinovich: biography of, 359–360n2
and German invasion, 198, 199, 200, 202, 204
in wartime leadership, 207, 221, 222
Tito, Josip Broz, 280–281
Tkachev, R. A., 311
Tolstoy, Leo, 95
Tomsky, Mikhail Pavlovich: biography of, 347–348n8
Politburo expulsion of, 108
as oppositionist, 105, 107
suicide of, 140
Torture, 38
ban on, 315
Tovstukha, Ivan, 192
Tripartite Pact, 174–176
Trotsky, Lev Davidovich, 15, 31, 191
anti-Trotsky coalition, 80, 81–82
biography of, 336n13
and Bukharin–Kamenev meeting, 107
expulsion of, 84–85, 90
-Lenin relationship, 51–52, 65–66, 70
murder of, 40, 85, 174
NEP strategy criticized by, 87
oratory of, 52
power struggle with Stalin, 77, 78
Red Army command of, 55
-Stalin conflict over Polish Front, 61–63
Tsaritsyn terror campaign opposed by, 58–59
works of, 15, 94
Truman, Harry, 248, 267
Tsaritsyn (Stalingrad), in Civil War, 54–59, Gallery 5
Tucker, Robert, ix, 72
Tukhachevsky, Mikhail Nikolaevich, 140, 352n85, Gallery 10
Twenty Letters to a Friend (Allilueva), 260
Uglanov, Nikolai Aleksandrovich, 105, 107, 108, 348n8
Ukraine: collaboration policy in, 232
famine of 1932–1933, 119
and German-Soviet non-aggression pact, 166
peasant uprisings in, 114–115
forced resettlement campaign in, 174
Soviet-German Front in, 212–213, 221, 228
Soviet occupation of, 170
Ukrainian Labor Army, 342n45
Ulam, Adam, ix
Ulianova, Maria Ilinichna, 68, 70, 71, 343n58
United Nations: and Korean War, 295
Soviet boycott of, 372n95
United States: at Berlin Conference, 248
–Israel relations, 285–286
in Korean War, 294, 295
Lend-Lease aid of, 211, 212
Marshall Plan, 267
in postwar settlement, 270
second front plan of, 223–224, 228, 229, 230
at Tehran Conference, 230
Urban population, 278, 375n11
preferential treatment of, 321–322
Valedinsky, L. A., 192
Vasilenko, Vladimir, 307–308
Vasilevsky, Aleksandr Mikhailovich: biography of, 362n59
on command structure, 238
on Kiev defeat, 213
marshal rank of, 226
on Moscow evacuation, 215
on Stalin’s strategic decisions, 225, 227, 239
Vinogradov, Vladimir, 197, 307, 308
Violence: Caucasian culture of, 21–22
Stalin’s pathology of, 40–41
Visitor logs, in archives, xiii Vlasik, Nikolai Sidorovich, 35, 304, 339n8
Voikov, Petr, murder of, 88–89
Volkogonov, Dmitri, ix, 6, 338n1, 367n6
Voroshilov, Kliment Yefremovich: 78, 172, 186, Gallery 8, 10, 14
biography of, 334n2
in Civil War command, 55, 57
in collective leadership, 90
in Stalin faction, 105
vacation with Stalin, 194
in wartime leadership, 202, 205, 206, 220–221
Vorozheikin, Grigory, 285
Vovsi, Miron, 307–308
Voznesensky, Nikolai Alekseevich: Gallery 14
biography of, 352–353n6
in leadership reorganization, 272, 282
in Leningrad Affair, 144, 282–283
Politburo appointment of, 177
Sovnarkom Bureau appointment of, 178–179, 181
in wartime leadership, 205, 206, 207, 214, 240
Vyshinsky, Andrei, 146
Warsaw uprising, 244
White movement, 53
Winter War, 172–173
Workers’ and Peasants’ Inspectorate, 65
Working conditions, 324–325
World revolution, Politburo plans for, 77–78
World War II: Allied victories in 1943, 229
Berlin Conference, 247–248
Berlin operation, 246–247
collapse of Nazi Germany, 231
final battles of, 243–244, 246