imenie a landed estate
intelligent (pl. intelligenty) a member of the intelligentsia
ispolkom an executive committee (part of the apparatus of the Soviet state)
kottedzh in the nineteenth century, a cottage modeled most often on the English rustic house; in the late twentieth century, an exurban dwelling with the potential for year-round use
KPSS the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
meshchanin (pl. meshchane) nonnoble town dweller, petit bourgeois (sometimes pejorative)
Mosgordachsoiuz the managing organization for dacha cooperatives in the Moscow region (1931–37)
myza a farmstead or country estate (used mainly to refer to property near the Gulf of Finland, to the west of St. Petersburg)
NEP New Economic Policy
nepmen people who profited by buying and selling (“speculating”) under NEP
NKVD People’s Commissarist for Internal Affairs
oblast an administrative region in Soviet Russia
obrok quitrent
ogorod allotment
ogorodnichestvo allotment cultivation
okrug Soviet territorial division
Old Bolshevik a person who had joined the Bolshevik Party before the coup of 1917
OMKh department of local services
OSB Society of Old Bolsheviks
osobniak detached house, villa
Petersburg Side a cluster of islands directly north of the center of St. Petersburg (called the Petrograd Side since the First World War)
podsobnoe khoziaistvo subsidiary farm (agricultural land cultivated by a particular Soviet organization to guarantee a supply of produce)
pomeshchik landowner
pomest’e landed estate
poselianin (pl. poseliane) settler
poselok settlement
prigorod suburb
progulka promenade, stroll
pood unit equivalent to 16.38 kilograms
raion Soviet administrative unit approximating district
RSFSR Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic
sad garden
sadovod (pl. sadovody) a garden plot cultivator
sadovodstvo garden plot cultivation, or a garden plot settlement
sazhen unit equivalent to 2.13 meters
sluzhashchie employees, white-collar workers (in Soviet times)
Sovnarkom the Soviet government
tovarishchestvo association
uchastok plot ofland
uezd tsarist administrative unit approximating county
uplotnenie “compression” (a Soviet practice of the 1920s and 1930s whereby new residents were forcibly moved into apartments and houses that were already occupied)
usad’ba (pl. usad’by) a country estate; a farmstead
USK building control committee
verst unit equivalent to 1.06 kilometers
volost the smallest administrative unit (typically, a few villages)
vremianka a temporary shelter built on a dacha plot
Vyborg Side the northernmost district of prerevolutionary St. Petersburg
zagorodnyi dom out-of-town house
zemstvo (pl. zemstva) elected rural assembly, local government (in the period 1864–1917)
Abbreviations
AHR
American Historical Review
B&E
Entsiklopedicheskii slovar’ izd. Brokgauza i Efrona
, 41 vols. (St. Petersburg, 1890–1904)
BSE
Bol’shaia sovetskaia entsiklopediia
DSK
Dachno-stroitel’nyi kooperativ
JfGO
Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas
Kr
Krokodil
LG
Literaturnaia gazeta
LOGAV
Leningradskii oblastnoi gosudarstvennyi arkhiv v g. Vyborge
ML
Moskovskii listok
PG
Peterburgskaia gazeta
PL
Peterburgskii listok
PLL
Pargolovskii letnii listok
PSZ
Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi Imperii
, 3 ser. (St. Petersburg, 1830–1911)
RGASPI
Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi arkhiv sotsial’no-politicheskoi informatsii
RGIA
Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi istoricheskii arkhiv
SEER
Slavonic and East European Review
SIu
Sovetskaia iustitsiia
SP
Sotsialisticheskii prigorod
SPb ved
Sankt-Peterburgskie vedomosti
SPP RSFSR
Sobranie postanovlenii pravitel’stva RSFSR
SPP SSSR
Sobranie postanovlenii pravitel’stva SSSR
SR
Slavic Review
SZ
Sotsialisticheskaia zakonnost’
TsGAMO
Tsentral’nyi gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Moskovskoi oblasti
TsGA SPb
Tsentral’nyi gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Sankt-Peterburga
TsGIA SPb
Tsentral’nyi gosudarstvennyi istoricheskii arkhiv Sankt-Peterburga
TsIAM
Tsentral’nyi istoricheskii arkhiv Moskvy
TsMAM
Tsentral’nyi munitsipal’nyi arkhiv Moskvy
VKG
Vecherniaia krasnaia gazeta
VM
Vecherniaia Moskva
ZhT-ZhS
Zhilishchnoe tovarishchestvo—zhilishche i stroitel’stvo
Petersburg and surrounding area. This map includes many of the dacha places mentioned in the text. It is far from comprehensive, however. Dacha settlements can be found at almost every stop on the railway lines out of Petersburg as well as in many more remote parts of the region.
Moscow and surrounding area. This map includes the four railway lines that have been most influential in the history of the Moscow dacha. The other routes—northwest toward Riga, north toward Savelovo, southwest toward Kiev, east toward Nizhnii Novgorod, south toward Kursk and Volgograd—have also played their part, and are now densely overgrown with dacha and garden settlements. The first of these lines to be completed was the Nikolaevskaia in 1851; the latest—to Riga and to Savelovo—became operative in the early twentieth century.