56. Gabel, 29.
57. Ibid., 29-30. “The Tank Killers, “ 181.
58. An Informal History of the 776th Tank Destroyer Battalion. Salzburg, Austria: Anton Pustet, 1945?, 13. (Hereinafter An Informal History of the 776th Tank Destroyer Battalion.)
59. Ibid., 10.
60. History of the 628th Tank Destroyer Battalion.
61. Diary, 701st Tank Battalion.
62. Gill, 13.
63. Thomas M. Sherman, Seek, Strike, Destroy! The History of the 636th Tank Destroyer Battalion (Published by author: 1986), 6. (Hereinafter Sherman.)
64. “The Tank Killers, “ 181. Gill, 13.
65. Greenfield, et al, 416-417.
Chapter 2: North Africa: Seeing the Elephant
1. Unless otherwise noted, the material on the activities of the 601st and 701st Tank Destroyer battalions in North Africa is drawn from the operational records of those units.
2. Loading records incorporating unit subordination, records of the 1st Infantry Division.
3. The unit diary records the date as 7 November, when the convoy was actually sailing past Oran in a maneuver to deceive anyone tracking the ships as to their final destination.
4. Gerald Astor, The Greatest War: From Pearl Harbor to the Kasserine Pass (New York, NY: Warner Books, Inc., 1999), 400-401. (Hereinafter Astor.)
5. Donald E. Houston, Hell on Wheels, The 2d Armored Division (Novato, California: Presidio Press, 1977), 101. (Hereinafter Houston.)
6. Dwight D. Eisenhower, Crusade in Europe (Garden City, NY: Doubleday and Company, Inc., 1948), 81-83. (Hereinafter Eisenhower.)
7. George F. Howe, Northwest Africa: Seizing the Initiative in the West: United States Army in World War II, The Mediterranean Theater of Operations. Washington, DC: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army, 1957, 21. (Hereinafter Howe.)
8. Eisenhower, 86-93.
9. B. H. Liddell Hart, History of the Second World War (New York, NY: G. Putnam’s Sons, 1970), 311-313. (Hereinafter Liddell Hart.)
10. Eisenhower, 85.
11. Howe, 47-48.
12. Ibid., 48, 192.
13. Liddell Hart, 324.
14. AAR, 1st Infantry Division. “Summary of Lessons Derived from Amphibious Operations, November 8-11 1942, at Casablanca and Oran,” 25 February 1943.
15. “Observer Report,” 5 March 1943. Included in “Report of Observers: Mediterranean Theater of Operations,” Volume 1, 22 December 1942-23 March 1943.
16. Josowitz, 7.
17. Gill, 20.
18. Operations report, 1st Armored Division.
19. Operations report, Company B. 701st Tank Destroyer Battalion. Astor, 406-407.
20. Operations report, Company B. 701st Tank Destroyer Battalion. “History of the 1st Armored Regiment,” http://macspics.homestead.com/history.html. (Hereinafter “History of the 1st Armored Regiment”.) “Interview with LtCol John K. Waters, Commander of 1st Battalion, 1st Armored Regiment (Light Tanks), 1st Armored Division, CP, 24 Miles SE of Oran, December 29, 1942.” Included in “Report of Observers: Mediterranean Theater of Operations,” Volume 1, 22 December 1942-23 March 1943. Gill, 20.
21. Operations report, 1st Armored Division. Operations report, Company B. 701st Tan22. k Destroyer Battalion.
22. Gabel, 20.
23. Operations report, Company B. 701st Tank Destroyer Battalion. Telephone interview with Arthur Edson, April 2002. John Hudson, letter to author, 8 February 2003.
24. Gill, 21.
25. Telephone interview with Rudolph Mojsl, April 2002.
26. Josowitz, 7.
27. Operations report, 1st Armored Division.
28. H. R. Knickerbocker, et al, Danger Forward (Atlanta, Georgia: Albert Love Enterprises, 1947), 5. (Hereinafter Knickerbocker.)
29. “Remarks of Special Service Officer, Central Task Force, Oran, Algeria, December 29, 1942.” Included in “Report of Observers: Mediterranean Theater of Operations,” Volume 1, 22 December 1942-23 March 1943.
30. Josowitz, 7.
31. Operations report, Company B. 701st Tank Destroyer Battalion. Astor, 451.
32. “Narrative of Observer’s Tour with W. T. F., French Morocco,” not dated.
33. Operations report, 1st Armored Division.
34. Josowitz, 3. Telephone interview with Bill Harper, April 2002.
35. Josowitz, 7.
36. Letter from Major General Orlando Ward to Lieutenant General Jacob Devers, 1 March 1943. Records of the 1st Armored Division.
37. Liddell Hart, 329, 335.
38. Thomas E. Griess, ed., The West Point Military History Series, The Second World War, Europe and the Mediterranean (Wayne, NJ: Avery Publishing Group Inc., 1984), p.173. (Hereinafter Griess.)
39. LtCol F. J. Redding, “The Operations of ‘C’ Company, 701st Tank Destroyer Battalion (with the British First Army), Vicinity of Medjez-El-Bab – Beja, Tunisia, 24 November-11 December 1942, Tunisian Campaign (Personal Experience of a Company Commander),” unpublished manuscript prepared for the Advanced Infantry Officers Course, 1948-1949. (Hereinafter Redding.)
40. Ibid. Operations report, 701st Tank Destroyer Battalion.
41. “Narrative Report of Antiaircraft Observer in North African Theatre, LtCol Arthur L. Fuller, 27 December 1942 to 13 January 1943.”
42. Memo recording the observations of Lt Col W. H. Schaefer and Major Franklin T. Gardner in Algeria and Tunisia, 26 December 1942-20 January 1943, dated 10 February 1943.
43. Tunisia, CMH Pub 72-12 (Washington, DC: U.S. Army Center of Military History, not dated), 7-8. (Hereinafter Tunisia.) Redding.
44. Redding.
45. Tunisia, 11.
46. Redding.
47. Tunisia, 8. Liddell Hart, 338. Operations report, 701st Tank Destroyer Battalion. Redding.
48. “Observer Report,” 5 March 1943. Included in “Report of Observers: Mediterranean Theater of Operations,” Volume 1, 22 December 1942-23 March 1943.
49. Operations report, 701st Tank Destroyer Battalion. Redding.
50. Redding.
51. History, 705th Tank Destroyer Battalion.
52. Redding.
53. Ibid. Operations report, 701st Tank Destroyer Battalion.
54. Liddell Hart, 340. Operations report, 701st Tank Destroyer Battalion.
55. Dr. F. M. Von Senger und Etterlin, German Tanks of World War II (New York, NY: Galahad Books, 1969), 46-47, 196-199. (Hereinafter Von Senger und Etterlin.)
56. Ibid., 200-201.
57. Peter Chamberlain, Pictorial History of Tanks of the World, 1915-1945 (Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1972), 129. (Hereinafter Chamberlain.)
58. The American Arsenal, 44, 51, 137.
59. Operations report, 701st Tank Destroyer Battalion. Redding. General Order Number 1, Headquarters Combat Command B, 3 January 1943.
60. Liddell Hart, 340. Operations report, 701st Tank Destroyer Battalion. Redding.
61. “Observer Report,” 5 March 1943. Included in “Report of Observers: Mediterranean Theater of Operations,” Volume 1, 22 December 1942-23 March 1943.
62. Martin Blumenson, Kasserine Pass (New York, NY: Jove Books, 1983), 74-75. (Hereinafter Blumenson, Kasserine Pass.)
63. Linwood W. Billings, The Tunisian Taskforce, http://historicaltextarchive.com/ww2/tunisian.html.(Hereinafter Billings.)
64. Billings. Blumenson, Kasserine Pass, 75.
65. Billings. Operations report, Company B. 701st Tank Destroyer Battalion.