of refraction, 996
George, Admiral, 704
George, Bishop of Alexandria, 18
George, St., 591, 743, 1021-1022
Georgia, 308, 340, 440
Gerald of Wales (Giraldus Cambrensis), 499, 681, 735-736, 786, 899, 908, 982*, 992
Gerard of Cremona, 241, 247, 403, 911, 912
Gerbert of Aurillac (Sylvester II), 342, 445, 450, 475, 479, 512-513, 540, 586, 909, 988, 989
Gerbold, St., 986
Gerhoh of Reichersburg, 572
Gerona, 400
Germain, St., 531
Germania (Tacitus), 23*
Germans, 12, 13, 23, 25, 30, 38, 41, 43, 80, 89, 90, 202, 321, 444, 453, 454, 471, 492, 509, 510-516, 536, 544, 593, 594, 595, 618, 624, 655, 658, 659, 664, 666, 685, 686, 832, 838, 848, 897, 903
Germanus, Bishop of Auxerre, 533
Germany, 12, 81, 208, 236, 320, 328, 384, 387, 391, 393, 400, 417, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 450, 461, 466, 471, 473, 475, 480, 509, 510-516, 525, 531, 532, 534-535, 537, 543, 545, 546-547, 548, 550, 553, 554, 564, 568, 571, 575, 578, 589, 594, 598, 600, 603, 609, 610, 615, 619, 622, 624, 626, 627, 631, 633, 634, 638, 640, 642, 646, 658, 660, 661-665, 686, 688, 690, 695, 714, 715, 716, 717, 722, 724, 756, 760, 763, 765, 766, 768, 770, 774, 784, 801, 809-810, 813, 815, 835, 842, 850, 857, 868, 870, 882, 886, 893, 901, 903, 905, 906, 913, 935, 960, 984, 992, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1033, 1040, 1041, 1045, 1046, 1049
eastern, 661, 788
southern, 1039
western, 534, 553, 1025
Gershom ben Jehuda, 369, 380, 400-401
Gervase of Canterbury, 884
Gesta Danorum (Absalon of Lund), 1019
Gesta Francorum, 591, 1019
Gesta pontificum (William of Malmesbury), 1019
Gesta regum Anglorum (William of Malmesbury), 1019
Gesta Romanorum, 1019
Geza I, 658
Geza, Prince, 445
Ghassan, 157, 171
Ghazali, al-, 255, 256, 257, 279, 331-333, 405, 406, 911, 954, 957, 963, 1068
Ghazni, 203, 204, 231, 243, 247, 249, 268
Ghent, 466, 474, 476, 618, 623, 640, 642, 648, 685, 886, 888
Gherardesca, Ugolino della, 1073, 1080
Gherardo da Borgo, 809
Ghibellines, 811, 815
Gibbon, Edward, 156*, 239
Gibbs, J. Willard, 995
Gibraltar, 291, 292, 307, 414, 617
Gilbert de la Porree, 476, 479, 945, 950-951
Gilbert, St., 792
Gildas, 81, 575
Gilson, Etienne, 964*
Giotto, 657, 793, 802, 811, 846, 852, 855, 888, 890, 1066, 1082
campanile of, 865
Giovanni da Capistrano, St., 387
Giovanni Pisano, 861-862, 889
Giralda, Seville, 315, 329, 342, 891
Giraldus Cambrensis, see Gerald of Wales
girls, 778, 807, 823, 879, 913, 914, 915
Gisela, daughter of Charlemagne, 466
Gisela, wife of Stephen I, 445
Giudecca, Venice, 711
Giuki, 1033
Giunta Pisano, 854
Glaber, Ralph, 542
gladiatorial shows, 844
Glanville, Ranulf de, 678
Glaser, Eduard, 155*
glass, 275, 286, 311, 318, 440, 624, 836, 849-850, 874, 880, 892, 997
burning, 289
Egyptian and Syrian, 287
enameled, 276, 287, 856
mirrors, 613
Saracen, 318*
stained, 134, 317, 611, 850, 851, 852, 853, 856-857, 872, 875, 878, 879, 882, 884, 886, 887, 891, 892
Venetian, 613
glassmakers, 342, 375, 491, 850
glasses, magnifying, 996
Glastonbury, 491, 752
gleemen, 489, 901, 1054
globe, celestial, 329
Glossa ordinaria (Accursius the elder), 917
Glossary of Drugs (Maimonides), 409
“glossators,” 630, 917
Gloria, 749
Gloucester Cathedral, 871, 882, 883
Glycerius, 42
Gobi Desert, 155, 993
God, 47, 62, 73, 75, 89, 90, 92, 93, 96, 100, 107, 124, 127, 130, 131, 163, 167, 168, 175, 177, 178, 179, 181, 182, 184, 192, 211, 212, 213, 214, 217, 221, 222, 223, 225, 235, 239, 245, 249-250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 258, 259, 260, 265, 266, 269, 305, 324, 331, 332, 334, 337, 353-356, 359, 367-368, 382, 390, 399, 400, 406, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 478, 518, 523, 542, 548, 587, 630, 646, 672, 724, 734, 736, 738, 741, 769, 779, 785, 794, 796, 797, 798, 808, 810, 820, 824, 825, 826, 828, 829, 895, 896, 907, 930, 932, 933, 938, 940, 943, 944, 945, 946, 950, 952, 957-958, 959, 960, 964, 967, 968, 969, 971, 972, 973, 974, 975, 976, 981, 988, 992, 1003, 1006, 1008, 1009, 1017, 1029, 1041, 1048, 1052, 1056, 1057, 1063, 1067-1068, 1069, 1074, 1077, 1078, 1079
grace of, 68-69, 70, 260, 523, 674, 1065, 1075
knowledge of, 70, 258, 412
love of, 324, 940, 941, 946
nature of, 176, 951
will of, 477, 665, 1004, 1063
wisdom of, 250, 940, 946
word of, 186, 211, 353, 407, 523, 706, 790, 945
Godfrey of Bouillon, 389, 589, 590, 591, 592
Godfrey of Lorraine, 543
gods, 354, 507, 984, 1047
Godgifa (Godiva), 488
Godwin, Earl, 493
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 399, 739, 795, 905, 1039, 1053
goiter, 999
gold, 287, 465, 847, 848, 851, 876
Golden Book of Venice, 710
“Golden Bull,” 658
Golden Fleece, order of, 578
Golden Horde, 656
Golden Horn, 4, 424, 650
Golden Legend (Voragine), 747, 1022, 1053
Goldsmith, Oliver, 159
goldsmiths, 376, 440, 491, 846, 848, 849
goliards, 900, 1025, 1027, 1053
Good Friday, 1028
“good sense,” 327*
Gorm, 502
Goslar, 622, 769, 778
Gospel, 51, 184, 186, 211, 212, 243, 367, 490, 499, 521, 532, 739, 803, 852, 965, 977, 982
Fourth, 15, 749, 776
“Lothaire,” 479
“Vienna,” 466
gospels, apocryphal, 828, 853, 857
Gotha, battle of, 444
Gothic, architecture, 127, 689, 697, 859, 861-894, 895, 897, 899, 949
art, 441
Byzantine-Romanesque, 888
decorated, 883, 884, 885
early English, 883, 885
English, 882-885
flamboyant, 893
French, 874, 875-882, 887, 891, 893
German, 886-887
glass, 882
Italian, 887-890
Northern, 892
perpendicular, 883, 893
Spanish, 890-892
Tuscan, 888, 889, 890
Gothic alphabet, 46
“Gothic War,” no, 456, 519
Goths, 4, 22, 23-25, 27, 36, 39, 42, 46, 47, 80, 86, 87, 99, 100, 109, 110, 115, 150, 434, 446, 456, 458, 507, 510, 579, 605
Gotland, 619, 666
Gottfried of Strasbourg, 905, 1048-1049
Gottschalk, 477, 589
government, 294, 296, 309, 311, 312, 450, 467, 468, 565, 726, 729, 759, 812, 818, 828, 903, 917, 952, 1015, 1016, 1063, 1084
Islamic, 225-227, 442
representative, 504, 641, 679, 758, 1083
in Spain, 700
Visigothic, 370
Gozihr, 142
Gozlin, Bishop of Paris, 474
Gradenigo, Pietro, 709
graduates, university, 929, 930
grammar, 288, 336, 371, 438, 466, 530, 912, 915, 1007
chair of, 914
German, 466
Greek, 1009
Hebrew, 368, 395-396, 1009
Grammar (Priscian), 124
grammarians, 305, 319, 395, 497, 525
Granada, 96, 271, 296, 298, 300, 304, 307, 315, 316, 338, 371, 372, 396, 397, 398, 575, 698
granaries, municipal, 641
Grand Book on Music (al-Farabi), 279
Grand Canal, Venice, 619, 711, 868
“Grand Catalan Company,” 651
Grande Encyclopédie (Diderot), 1016
Gratian, 25, 34, 77, 85, 86, 630, 754-755, 820, 916, 1077
gravitation, 328, 867, 997
Gray, John de, Bishop of Norwich, 674
Great Charter, 677
Great Council of 1254, 678, 679
Great Khan, 608, 656, 993
“Great Russians,” 445, 654
Greco, El, 440, 891
Greece, 3, 19, 27, 38, 44, 76, 118, 129, 134, 136, 138, 139, 143, 145, 147, 204, 208, 228, 241, 245, 249, 423, 426, 428, 434, 441, 442, 446, 453, 529, 530, 651, 831, 847, 857, 861, 893, 895, 901, 913, 989, 990, 1027, 1085, 1086