feudal, 553-556
Islamic, 219-224, 234, 280-281
Sasanian, 136-142
Viking, 509-510
Welsh, 495
Socrates, 20, 244, 254, 776, 933-934, 937, 1014, 1070
Socrates, historian, 7, 25, 122, 123, 125
sodomy, 719, 927, 1071
Sogdiana, 119, 136, 209
Sohrab, 269, 270
Soissons, 91, 92, 461, 473, 769, 771, 876, 897, 940, 946
soldiers, 55-57, 429, 432, 434, 500, 553, 559, 560, 822, 823, 1000
Soliloquium (Bonaventura), 959
Solomon, 130, 156, 229, 343
Solomon, Exilarch, 367
Solomon ben Abraham, 414, 415
Solomon ben Abraham ben Adret, 415, 416
Solomon ibn Gabirol (Avicebron), 396-397
Solon, 446, 654, 1065
Somme River, 88, 91
Sonartorrek (Skallagrimsson), 509
Song of Songs, 48, 352*, 353, 398
songs, 279, 292, 381, 484, 684, 818, 899-901, 934, 936, 1025, 1027, 1042, 1054
popular, 837, 1030
sacred, 382, 747, 896
sonnets, 562-563, 1056, 1057, 1058, 1059
Sophistici elenchi (Aristotle), 912
Sophists, 125, 250, 975
Sophocles, 89, 283, 605
Sora, 717
Soranus, 121, 1001
Sorbonne, Paris, 922
sorcery, 433, 984, 985
Sordello, 1057, 1074
Sosigenes, 991
soul, 256, 417, 959, 971-972, 981
Southampton, 610, 640
Sozomen, 20, 125
Spain, 3, 4, 22, 25, 32, 37, 38, 43, 47, 92, 107, 114, 116, 117, 140, 150, 155, 158, 194, 202, 206, 208, 209, 211, 218, 219, 236, 242, 257, 270, 273, 275, 283, 284, 291-307, 314, 320, 338, 343, 349, 367, 368, 369, 372-373, 376, 379, 380, 383, 384, 386, 387, 393, 396-401, 404, 405, 407, 415, 416, 417, 423, 442, 447, 458-460, 521, 525, 530, 537, 539, 553, 572, 578, 586, 611, 615, 616, 617, 622, 624, 627, 642, 644, 645, 663, 678, 692, 697-701, 748, 752, 760, 770, 774, 782, 783, 799, 801, 831, 832, 848, 849, 851, 853, 864, 869, 882, 890-892, 897, 898, 899, 901, 903, 904, 911, 920, 935, 953, 954, 966, 982, 989, 999, 1010, 1019, 1037, 1039, 1044, 1086
Moslem, 196, 241, 249, 282, 297-307, 314, 319, 333, 342, 371, 372, 375, 396, 397, 400, 405, 459, 460, 462, 558, 613, 617, 874, 1030
Visi-gothic, 95-97, 375
Spalato (Split), 127, 446
Spanish March, 459, 473
species, 932
origin of, 955
specific gravity, 244
tables of, 328
Speculum maius (Vincent of Beauvais), 1016
Speculum perfectionis, 792, 796-797
speech, 263, 379, 395, 669, 843, 903-904, 905
Spencer, Herbert, 978
Speyer, 369, 390, 391, 401, 511, 513, 514, 516, 549, 619, 640
Cathedral, 870
spericity, of the earth, 343
Spherics (al-Bitruji), 911
spices, 613, 836
Spinoza, Baruch, 398, 412*, 414, 968, 1082
spires, 342, 455, 865, 872, 877, 878, 883, 887, 891, 892, 1085
Spoleto, 98, 451, 517, 538, 708, 721, 725, 761, 793
sport, 839-842
squires, 392, 572
Stabat Mater (Jacopone da Todi), 750-751, 897*
Stamford, 676
Bridge, 495
stars, 305, 329, 337, 417, 956, 970, 987, 988, 991, 1005, 1011, 1068, 1077-1078
divination by, 984
state, 463, 519, 565, 697, 812, 813, 816, 824, 831, 844, 854, 917, 930, 945, 975, 976, 1063
and Church, 182-184, 579, 755, 760, 809
States-General, 646, 696, 814
statesmanship, 310, 343, 431, 433, 468, 470
statesmen, 277, 295, 510, 756, 777, 1085
Stations of the Cross, 34
Statius, 915, 1018, 1075, 1076
statues, 425-426, 432, 479, 807, 857-862, 864, 865, 869, 879, 880, 881, 884, 885, 886, 887, 889, 1085
“Statute in Favor of Princes,” 717
Stephania, mistress of Otto III, 513
Stephen, King of England, 670
Stephen I, King of Hungary, St., 658, 744
Stephen II, Pope, 452, 461, 525
Stephen V, Pope, 535
Stephen VI, Pope, 538
Stephen IX, Pope, 545
Stephen Nemanya, King of Serbia, 657
Stephen of Tournai, 958
stigmata, 800
Stiklestad, battle of, 503
Stilicho, 23, 26, 27-28, 31, 33, 35, 36, 38, 80
Stoa, 126
Stockholm, 618, 666
stocks, 568
Stoicism, 9, 76, 123, 975
stonemasons, 846
stones, powers of precious, 992, 1005
Story of Burnt Njal, 1033
Strasbourg, 12, 369, 473, 619, 640, 904, 960
Cathedral, 859, 887
Strategopulus, 652
streets, 302, 432, 642-643
Strido, 51
strikes, 648
strip system, 558, 645
students, 362, 371, 372, 401, 479, 497, 519, 528, 691, 757, 823, 839, 903, 908, 909, 914, 916, 917-918, 920, 921, 922, 923, 924, 926-930, 1013
studies, Arabic, 919, 979
classical, 914, 923, 1018
rabbinical, 402, 416
studium generale, 916, 924
Subiaco, 517
Subtilitates (Hildegarde), 998
Subuktigin, 203, 244
Suevi, 22, 37, 95, 458
Suetonius, 467, 515, 1018
Sufism, 244, 258-261, 322, 325, 332-333, 337
Sufyan, Abu, 166, 168, 169, 170-172, 191, 192
sugar, 140, 206, 591, 613, 718, 837
Suger, 390, 688-689, 786, 791, 852, 863, 876-877, 941, 942
suicide, 1071
Jewish, 389, 390, 392
Suidas, 437
Sukkoth, 359
Suleiman, Caliph, 194, 195, 220, 224, 291-292
Suleiman, general, 308
Suleiman al-Tajir, 242
“Sumer is i-cumen in,” 900-901
Summa codicis Irnerii (Irenerius), 916
Summa conservationis et curationis (Salicetti), 1001
Summa theologica (Aquinas), 912, 963, 966-967, 970, 974, 977, 978, 1016, 1057
Summa de veritate catholicae fidei contra Gentiles (Aquinas), 966
Summae (Aquinas), 338, 913
sun, 242, 288, 337, 402, 991, 992, 1011, 1068
heaven of the, 1077-1078
Sunni, 211, 212, 294
supernationalism, 406, 816
superstition, 305, 347, 364, 402, 415, 425-426, 442, 456, 466, 470, 531, 579, 694, 720, 732, 745, 811, 894, 938, 984-985, 989, 992, 1015, 1016, 1083
suppuration, 1001
supreme court, 685, 696
Suqainah, 228
Sura, 348, 366, 369
college of, 351, 367, 368
Surayj, 280
surgery, 245, 305, 612, 1000-1001, 1084
Surkh Alam, 209
surnames, 821
sursum corda, 749
Survey of Persian Art (ed. Pope), 270*
Susa, 136, 148
Suso (mystic), 810
suspension bridge, 621
Suzdalia, 653, 654, 656
Sverre, King of Norway, 762
Sviatopolk, 655
Sviatoslav, 448
Swabia, 92, 444, 511, 661, 960, 1049
Swabians, 510, 661, 665
Sweden, 22, 490, 502, 505, 553, 619, 666, 882
Swedes, 473, 483, 502, 507, 832
Sweyn Forkbeard, 493, 502
swords, Damascene, 275
Swithin, St., 871
Swithin’s day, St., 871*
Switzerland, 384, 615, 663, 687
Sylvester I, St., 50, 525
Sylvester II, see Gerbert of Aurillac
Sylvester III, 540
symbolism, 808, 994, 1051-1052, 1066, 1067
in logic, 980
Symmachus, 23, 30, 31, 32, 34-35, 56, 65, 75, 78, 85, 86, 87, 99
Symmachus the Younger, 99, 101
synagogues, 285, 347, 348, 349, 374, 381, 382-384, 388, 711
Synesius, 27, 61-62
synod, 546, 1074
Synthetic Philosophy (Spencer), 966
Syracuse, 290, 424, 704
Syria, 3, 19, 46, 49, 55, 60, 62, 107, 117, 118, 119, 128, 134, 135, 138, 143, 145, 146, 150, 151, 156*, 157, 158, 161, 162, 168, 187, 188-191, 192, 196, 200, 202, 206, 208, 218, 219, 224, 225, 230, 235, 238, 239, 241, 245, 258, 262, 263, 273, 276, 278, 282, 284, 285, 308, 310, 311, 312, 315, 317, 318, 341, 343, 348, 416, 424, 425, 430, 431, 439, 440, 442, 528, 530, 572, 586, 590, 592, 593, 607, 608, 609, 616, 654, 716, 798, 865, 874, 913, 984, 990