Poor Tom survived, but he was never to be quite the same again.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
THERE are remarkably few full-length studies dealing with the Black Death as a whole or even in a country or group of countries. The most important of these is still that by Cardinal Gasquet though many of his facts have now been disproved and his conclusions shown to be invalid. Sticker’s study gives the widest coverage for Europe as a whole and Hoeniger’s for Germany. The others are of slight importance.
• Coulton. G. G. The Black Death, London, 1929.
• Gasqute, F. A. The Great Pestilence, London, 1893. Reprinted substantially unrevised as The Black Death, London, 1908
• Hecker. J. F. C. The epidemics of the Middle Ages, trad. Babington. London, 1859.
• Hoeniger, R. Der Schwarze Tod in Deuuschland, Berlin. 1882.
• Lechner, K. Das Grosse Sterben in Deutschland, Innsbruck, 1884
• Nohl. J. Der Schwarze Tod, Potsdam, 1924.
• Philippe, A. Histoire de la Peste Noire, Paris, 1853.
• Sticker, G. Die Pest, Vol. 1, (‘Die Geschichte der Pest’), Giessen, 1908.
More useful material on a national or international scale is often to be found in books not dealing exclusively with the Black Death (Coulton’s Mediaeval Panorama, for instance, contains more of value than his monograph mentioned above) or in more recent essays and articles. In this and subsequent sections I have marked with an asterisk sources of particularly valuable information.
• Carpentier, E.* ‘Autour de la Peste Noire’, Annales E.S.C., 1962, XVII, p. 1062.
• Coulton, G. G.* Mediaeval Panorama, Cambridge, 1938, Chap. 38.
• Doren, A. Storia Economica dell’ Italia nel Medio Evo, Padua, 1937.
• Duby, G. L’Économie rural et la vie des campagnes dans l’Occident médiéval, Paris, 1962.
• Gwynn, A. ‘The Black Death in Ireland’, Studies, 1935, Vol. XXIV, p. 25.
• Maycock, A. L. ‘A Note on the Black Death’, Nineteenth Century, 1925, Vol. XCVII, p. 456.
• Rees, W.* ‘The Black Death in Wales’, Trans. Roy. Hist Soc., Fourth Series, 1920, Vol. III, p. 115.
• Rees, W. ‘The Black Death in England and Wales as exhibited in Manorial Documents’, Proc. Roy. Soc. Med. Vol. 16, Pt. 2, p. 27.
• Renouard, Y.* ‘La Peste Noire,’ Revue de Paris, March 1950, p. 107.
• Rogers, J. E. Thorold ‘England before and after the Black Death’, Fortnightly Review, 186s, Vol. III, p. 191.
• Ruthven, O. History of Medieval Ireland, London, 1968.
• Seebohm, F. ‘The Black Death, and its place in English History’, Fortnightly Review, 1865, Vol. II, pp. 149 and 268.
• Seebohm, F. ‘The Population of England before the Black Death’, Fortnightly Review, 1866, Vol. IV, p. 87.
• Verlinden, C. ‘La Grande Peste de 1348 en Espagne’, Revue belge de Philologie et d’Histoire, 1938, XVII, p.103.
Among works on epidemiology, medical history or bubonic plague, those of particular relevance to the Black Death are:
• Anglada, A. Études sur les Maladies Éteintes, Paris, 1869.
• Creighton, C. A History of Epidemics in Britain, Cambridge, 1891.
• Greenwood,* Major Epidemics and Crowd Diseases, London, 1935.
• Hirst, L.F.* The Conquest of Plague, Oxford, 1953.
• John. F. M. The Block Death, London, 1920.
• Liston, W. G. ‘The Plague’, Brit. Med. Journ., 1924, Vol. I, pp. 900, 950 and 997.
• MacArthur, W. ‘Old Time Plague in Britain’, Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., Vol. XIX, p. 355.
• Mullett, C. F. The Bubonic Plague and England, Lexington, 1956.
• Papon, J. P. De la Peste ou Epoques Mémorables de ce Fléau, Paris, 1800.
• Pollitzer, R.* Plague, W.H.O., Geneva, 1954. Rebouis, H. E. Étude historique et critique sur la peste, Paris, 1888.
• Singer, C. ‘A Review of the Medical Literature of the Dark Ages’, Proc. Roy. Soc. Med.(Hist Med.), Vol. 10, Pt. 2, p. 107.
• Zinsser, H. Rats, Lice and History, London, 1935.
Innumerable studies exist dealing in whole or in part with the Black Death or its effects in specific towns or areas. Some of these, for instance Dr Carpentier’s study of Orvieto, are of the greatest importance; others contain little except an odd anecdote or two and some inaccurate statistics. All those cited below have contributed something of value to this book. The Victoria County Histories, though varying greatly in quality from county to county, are in general a source of much valuable material for England.
• Allison, K. J. ‘The Lost Villages of Norfolk’, Norf. Arch., Vol. XXXI, 1955, p. 118.
• Ballard, A. ‘The Manors of Witney, Brightwell and Downton’, Oxford Studies in Social and Legal History, Vol. V, Oxford, 1916.
• Bartlett. J. N. ‘The Expansion and Decline of York in the Later Middle Ages’, Econ. Hist. Rev., 2nd Ser., Vol. XII, 1959, p. 17.
• Bertrand, L. ‘Contribution à L’Étude de la Peste dans les Flandres’. Proc, 2nd. Int. Cong. Hist. Med., Evreux, 1922, p. 43.
• Beveridge, W. ‘Wages in the Winchester Manors’, Econ. Hist Rev.,1936–7, Vol. VII, p. 22.
• Beveridge, W. ‘Westminster Wages in the Manorial Era’, Econ. Hist. Rev., 2nd Series, Vol. VIII, 1955, No. 1, p. 18.
• Billson, C. J. Mediaeval Leicester, Leicester, 1920.
• Boucher, C. E. ‘The Black Death in Bristol’, Trans. Bristol and Glos. Arch. Soc., Vol. LX, 1938.
• Bowsky, W. M. ‘The Impact of the Black Death upon Sienese Government and Society’, Speculum, Vol. XXXIX, 1964, No. 1, p. 1.
• Brunetti. ‘Venezia durante la Peste’, Ateneo Veneto, 32, 1909.
• Buess, H. ‘Die Pest in Basel im 14 und 15 Jahrhundert’, Basel Jahrbuch, 1956.
• Carpentier, E.* Une Ville devant la Peste. Orvieto et la Peste Noire de 1348, Paris, 1962.
• Chiappelli, A.* ‘Gli Ordinamenti Sanitari del Comune de Pistoia contra la Peste de 1348’, Arch. Stor. Ital., Ser. IV, Vol. XX, p. 3.
• Davenport, F. The Economic Development of a Norfolk Manor, 1086–1565, Cambridge, 1906.
• Dubled, H. ‘Aspects économiques de la vie de Strasbourg aux 13e et 14e siècles, Archives del’Église d’Alsace, N.S., VI, 1955, No. 1, p. 18.
• Dubled, H. ‘Conséquences économiques et sociales des “mortalitiés” du XIVe siècle essentiellement en Alsace’, Revue d’Hist. Écon. et Soc. Vol. XXXVII, 1959, No. 3, p. 273.