Raionnye sovety Petrograda, vol. 2, pp. 251-53; Revoliutsionnoe dvizhenie v Rossii: Razgrom kornilovskogo miatezha, p. 496; Tokarev, Narodnoe pravotvorchestvo, pp.
46.
Formed in March 1917, the Petrograd Trade Union Soviet was at this time made up of elected delegates from nearly fifty trade unions in the capital. It was headed by an executive commission. For a valuable account of the Petrograd Trade Union Soviet's activities in 1917, see A. Anskii, "Petrogradskii sovet professional'nykh soiuzov v 1917 g.," in Professional'noe dvizhenie v Petrograde v 1917 g., ed. A. Anskii (Leningrad, 1928), pp. 45-77.
Izvestiia, August 29, p. 6.
This commission was evidently later absorbed by the Committee for Struggle Against the Counterrevolution.
Protokoly Petrogradskogo soveta professional'nykh soiuzov, pp. 57-72; Revoliutsionnoe dvizhenie v Rossii: Razgrom kornilovskogo miatezha, pp. 500-1; Anskii, "Petrogradskii sovet professional'nykh soiuzov v 1917 g.," p. 53.
Vladimirova, Kontr-revoliutsiia v 1917 g., p. 167; Z. V. Stepanov, Rabochie Petrograda v period podgotovki i provedeniia oktiabr'skogo vooruzhennogo vosstaniia (Moscow and Leningrad, 1965), p. 173. See also A. G. Egorova, Partiia i profsoiuzy v oktiabr'skoi revoliutsii (Moscow, 1970), p. 160.
At this time Vikzhel was made up of forty members—fourteen SRs, seven Mensheviks, three Popular Socialists, two Interdistrict Committee representatives, two Bolsheviks, one Bolshevik sympathizer, and eleven nonparty individuals, many of whom supported the Kadets.
A. P. Taniaev, Ocherki po istorii dvizheniia zheleznodorozhnikov v revoliutsii 1917 goda (fevral'-oktiabr') (Moscow and Leningrad, 1925), p. 95; Vladimirova, Kontr-revoliutsiia v 1917 g., pp. 161-62; Kerenskii, Delo Kornilmja, pp. 153-54, 156.
V. I. Startsev, the most knowledgeable specialist on the development of armed workers' militias in revolutionary Petrograd, estimates conservatively that thirteen thousand to fifteen thousand workers now became organized for military action. V. I. Startsev, Ocherki po istorii Petrogradskoi krasnoi gvardii i rabochei militsii (Moscow and Leningrad, 1965), p. 164.
The Petrograd Soviet had two main sections, the Workers' and Soldiers' sections, composed of factory and garrison representatives respectively. Headed by a large executive commission, the Soldiers' Section concerned itself with problems of special interests to military troops.
Ivanov, Kornilovshchina i ее razgrom, pp. 156-57; Drezen, BoVshevizatsiia pet- rogradskogo garnizona, pp. 253-64; Kochakov, "Bol'shevizatsiia petrogradskogo gar- nizona v 1917 godu," pp. 174-77.
Izvestiia Kronshtadtskogo soveta, September 6, p. 1; September 8, p. 1; Akademiia nauk SSSR, Institut istorii, et al., Baltiiskie moriaki v podgotovke i prove- denii velikoi oktiabr skoi sotsialisticheskoi revoliutsii, ed. P. N. Mordvinov (Moscow and Leningrad, 1957), pp. 186-89; Akademiia nauk SSSR, Institut istorii, et al., Protokoly ipostanovleniia TsentraVnogo komiteta Baltiiskogo flota, ed. D. A. Chugaev (Moscow and Leningrad, 1963), pp. 150-58; V. V. Petrash, Moriaki Baltiiskogo flota v bor'be za pobedu oktiabria (Moscow and Leningrad, 1966), pp. 200-16; Ivanov, Kornilovshchina i ее razgrom, pp. 156-57; A. K. Drezen, uBaltiiskii flot ot iiulia к oktia- briu 1917 g.," KL, 1929, no. 5 (32), pp. 191-99.
Razlozhenie armii v 1911 g., ed. M. N. Pokrovskii and Ia. A. Iakovlev (Moscow and Leningrad, 1925), p. 116; Protokoly i postanovleniia TsentraTnogo komiteta Baltiiskogo flota, pp. 167-72; Ivanov, Kornilovshchina i ее razgrom, p. 63.
Interview with Finisov by Nicholas Vakar in Posledniia novosti, March 6, 1937, p. 3.
For conflicting recollections of this episode and the reasons for the inaction of Petrograd rightist groups, see G. Vinberg, V plenu и obez'ian (Kiev, 1918), pp. 104-8; interviews with A. I. Putilov and P. N. Finisov by Nicholas Vakar m Posledniia novosti, January 24, 1937, p. 5, and March 6, 1937, p. 3; L. P. Desimeter, "Zagovor Kornilova: Pis'mo v redaktsiiu," Posledniia novosti, May 28, 1937; Kerensky, Russia and History's Turning Point, p. 381; Denikin, Ocherki russkoi smuty, vol. 2, pp. 64-65; and Miliukov, Vtoraia russkaia revoliutsiia, vol. 1, part 2, pp. 258-59.
The fullest account of these developments, based largely on unpublished materials in Soviet archives, is contained in Ivanov, Kornilovshchina i ее razgrom, pp. 174—79. See also BoVshevizatsiia petrogradskogo garnizona, p. 257; Martynov, Kornilov, pp. 142-46; Vladimirova, Khronika sobytii, vol. 4, pp. 107-45, 241-49; Revoliutsionnoe dvizhenie v Rossii: Razgrom kornilovskogo miatezha, p. 53 1-32, 633.
Ivanov, Kornilovshchina i ее razgrom, pp. 180-81; Vladimirova, Khronika sobytii, vol. 4, pp. 134, 349; Martynov, Kornilov, pp. 147-49; Revoliutsionnoe dvizhenie v Rossii: Razgrom kornilovskogo miatezha, p. 535.
Ivanov, Kornilovshchina i ее razgrom, pp. 170-74; Vladimirova, Khronika sobytii, vol. 4, pp. 343-50; Martynov, Kornilov, pp. 135-42.
Alekseev was replaced, in turn, by Dukhonin on September 10.
Martynov, Kornilov, pp. 155-71; Vladimirova, Khronika sobytii, vol. 4, pp. 124—32.
Browder and Kerensky, The Russian Provisional Government, vol. 3, pp. 1586-89. The text of Krymov's message to Kornilov is unknown.
9 • The Question of a New Government
See above, p. 131.
Rosenberg, Liberals in the Russian Revolution, pp. 230-32, provides a persuasive reconstruction of the Kadet role in this episode. See also Kokoshkin report, pp. 11-12, 15; Miliukov, Istoriia vtoroi russkoi revoliutsii, vol. 1, part 2, pp. 249-54; Vladimirova, Khronika sobytii, vol. 4, p. 138.
Kerensky, Delo Kornilova, p. 174.
Ivanov, Kornilovshchina i ее razgrom, p. 207.
Kornilovskie dni, p. 152.
Protokoly Petrogradskogo soveta professional"nykh soiuzov, p. 76.
Il'in-Zhenevskii, "Bol'sheviki v tiur'me Kerenskogo," pp. 59-62; Vladimirova, Khronika sobytii, vol. 4, p. 162; Institut istorii partii pri Leningradskom obkome KPSS, Filial Instituta marksizma-leninizma pri TsK KPSS, Bol'sheviki Petrograda v 1917 godu: Khronika sobytii (Leningrad, 1957), p. 478.
Golos soldata, September 5, p. 1.
N. Ruban, Oktiabrskaia revoliutsiia i krakh menshevizma (Moscow, 1968), p. 272, quoting from an unpublished protocol of this meeting in the Soviet archives.
Often such calls for transfer of power to the Soviet were initiated by Bolsheviks—a clear sign of the degree to which the decisions of the Sixth Congress regarding slogans failed to influence the behavior of local party representatives at the time of the Kornilov crisis. See, for example, Skrypnik's comments at the joint meeting of the Trade Union Soviet and the Central Soviet of Factory-Shop Committees on August 29 (Protokoly Petrogradskogo soveta professional'nykh soiuzov, p. 70). On September 4 a meeting of eight hundred pipe factory workers, including representatives of all twenty thousand plant employees, reaffirmed this position, demanding the creation of a "Provisional Revolutionary Government" made up of representatives of the proletariat and peasantry and responsible only to revolutionary organs.