Sforza, Beatrice d’Este, ref 1, ref 2
Sforza, Galeazzo Maria, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Sforza, Gian Galeazzo, ref 1
Sforza, Giovanni, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7; divorce from Lucrezia Borgia, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; as Lord of Pesaro, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; marriage to Lucrezia Borgia, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Sforza, Lucrezia. see Borgia, Lucrezia
Sforza, Ludovico, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11; described, ref 1; Ferrante I versus, ref 1; as ruler of Milan, ref 1
Sforza-Riario, Caterina, ref 1
Siena, ref 1
Sigismund, Emperor, ref 1
simony, ref 1, ref 2
Sistine Chapel (Rome), ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5
Sixtus IV, Pope, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5; death of, ref 1; election of, ref 1; nephews of, ref 1; rebuilding of Rome, ref 1
Soderini, Francesco, ref 1, ref 2
Soriano, battle of, ref 1
Spain: Alexander VI and, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; rise of power, ref 1
Spoleto, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Stephen, St, ref 1
Strozzi, Ercole, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Strozzi, Filippo, ref 1
Strozzi, Guido, ref 1
Stuart, Robert, Lord d’Aubigny, ref 1
Swiss Guards, ref 1
syphilis, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9
Titian, ref 1
Torella, Gaspar, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Torrigiano, Pietro, ref 1
Trivulzio, Gian Jacopo, ref 1
Troche, Francesco, ref 1
Tura, Cosmè, ref 1
Tuscan Dominicans, ref 1
tyranny, ref 1
University of Rome, ref 1
Urban V, Pope, ref 1
Urban VI, Pope, ref 1
Urbino, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8
Urbino, Duke of. see Montefeltro, Guidobaldo da, Duke of Urbino
Valence, Cardinal of. see Borgia, Cesare
Valence, Duke of. see Borgia, Cesare
Valentino, Duke. see Borgia, Cesare
Vannozza, Donna. see Catanei, Vannozza de’
Varano, Giulio Cesare da, Lord of Camerino, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Vasari, Giorgio, ref 1, ref 2
Vatican (Rome), ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; Borgia apartments in, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7; collapse of papal throne, ref 1
Venice, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10
Venosa, Bishop of, ref 1
Vera, Juan, ref 1
Veronica, St, ref 1
Vespasian, Emperor, ref 1, ref 2
Vespucci, Agostino, ref 1
Villeneuve, Louis de, Baron de Trans, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Virgil, ref 1
Visconti, Valentina, ref 1
Vitelli, Paolo, ref 1
Vitelli, Vitellozzo, Lord of Città di Castello, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8
Viterbo, ref 1
Volterra, Jacopo Gherardi da, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Zambotti, Bernardino, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5
Zen, Gianbattista, ref 1
Zerbinati, Giovanni Maria, ref 1, ref 2
Zurita, Geronimo, ref 1