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61 It … badly: W2.558

62 The … present: W2.557

63 What … children: W2.545

64 between … itself: W2.536

65 To … it: W2.354

66 Contemplate … exertions: W2.353

67 There … disappointment: W2.634

68 What … them: P1.VI.480

69 The … life: W2.427

70 ‘Lotte … you!’: The Sorrows of Young Werther, Goethe, translated by Michael Hulse, Penguin, 1989, p. 115

71 The … thousands: P2.XIX.208

72 In … sufferer: W1.206

Consolation for Difficulties

Quotations taken from:

Daybreak

, Friedrich Nietzsche, translated by R. J. Hollingdale, CUP, 1997 (abbreviated as D)

Ecce Homo

, Friedrich Nietzsche, translated by R. J. Hollingdale, Penguin, 1979 (abbreviated as EH)

Beyond Good and Evil

, Friedrich Nietzsche, translated by R. J. Hollingdale, Penguin, 1973 (abbreviated as BGE)

Human, All Too Human

, Friedrich Nietzsche, translated by R. J. Hollingdale, CUP, 1996 (abbreviated as HAH)

Wanderer and His Shadow

, Friedrich Nietzsche, translated by R. J. Hollingdale and collected in HAH (Ibid.), CUP, 1996 (abbreviated as WS)

Untimely Meditations

, Friedrich Nietzsche, translated by R. J. Hollingdale, CUP, 1997 (abbreviated as UM)

The Anti-Christ

, Friedrich Nietzsche, translated by R. J. Hollingdale and collected in

Twilight of the Idols and the Anti-Christ

, Penguin, 1990 (abbreviated as AC)

The Will to Power

, Friedrich Nietzsche, translated by Walter Kaufmann & R. J. Hollingdale, Vintage, 1968 (abbreviated as WP)

The Gay Science

, Friedrich Nietzsche, translated by Walter Kaufmann, Vintage, 1974 (abbreviated as GS)

Twilight of the Idols

, Friedrich Nietzsche, translated by Duncan Large, OUP, 1998 (abbreviated as TI)

On the Genealogy of Morality

, Friedrich Nietzsche, translated by Carol Diethe, CUP, 1996 (abbreviated as GM)

Sämtliche Briefe: Kritische Studienausgabe

, Friedrich Nietzsche, 8 volumes, DTV and de Gruyter, 1975–84 (abbreviated as Letter to/from followed by day/month/year)

1 cabbage-heads: EH. 3.5

2 It … being: EH. 14.1

3 I … holy: EH. 14.1

4 Let … 2000: Letter to Malwida von Meysenbug, 24/9/86

5 It … boots: EH. 3.1

6 You … been!: BGE. 225

7 To … vanquished: WP. 910

8 the … given: EH. Foreword, 4

9 In … treated: D. 381

10 I … resignation: from Rückblick auf meine zwei Leipziger Jahre, III.133, Werke, Karl Schlechta Edition

11 The … pleasure: Schopenhauer, W2.150

12 [We … mentaclass="underline" Schopenhauer, P1.V.a.1

13 we … abstinence: Letter to his mother and sister, 5/11/65

14 I … joy: Letter from Malwida von Meysenbug, 28/10/76

15 The … boring: TI. X.2

16 These … hitherto: EH. 2.10

17 Would … side: Letter to Cosima Wagner, 19/12/76

18 in … room: Schopenhauer, P1.V.a.1

19 hidden … deer: GS. 283

20 that … goose: Letter to Malwida von Meysenbug, early May 1884

21 Really … Montaigne: Letter to his mother, 3/21/85

22 gentle … eggs: D. 553

23 magnificent: TI.IX.49

24 the … reverence: TI. IX.51

25 He … wilclass="underline" TI. IX.49

26 The … profound: Stendhal, Voyages en France, Pleiade, p. 365

27 The … copulation: Montaigne, Essays, III.5.968

28 the … frightened: Stendhal, Oeuvres Intimes, Volume I, Pleiade, p. 483

29 Art … life: TI. IX.24

30 What … joy: GS. 12

31 Examine … possible: GS. 19

32 The … world: HAH. I.163 (my italics)

33 He … mountains: EH. Foreword, 3

34 We … sense: GM. II.24

35 In … tomorrow: HAH. II.358

36 To … comprehensible!: UM. III.5

37 I … Swiss!: Letter to his mother, 19/7/70

38 I … own: Letter to Paul Rée, end of July 1879

39 This … myself: Letter to Peter Gast, 14/8/81

40 I … ground: Letter to Carl von Gersdorff, 28/6/83

41 How … books?: WS. 324

42 Only … value: TI. I.34

43 When … humanity: HAH. I.246

44 We … life: Montaigne, Essays, III.13.1237

45 If … manure: HAH. II.332

46 Don’t … whole: HAH. I.163

47 You … strain: Letter to his mother, 21/7/79

48 One … trellis: D. 560

49 the … sui: TI. III.4

50 good … things: BGE. 2

51 Love … together: WP. 351

52 The … life: BGE. 23

53 The … culture: WP. 1025

54 Nothing … annihilation: HAH. II.220

55 All … hurting: TI. v.1

56 Dear … afternoon: Letter to his mother, 16/4/63

57 I … materialism: Letter to Carl von Gersdorff, 25/4/65

58 Alcoholic … live: EH. 2.1

59 How … intelligence!: TI. VIII.2

60 Perhaps … Europe: GS. III.134

61 I … suffices: EH. 2.1

62 If … together: GS. 338

63 [A]ctions … pleasure: Utilitarianism, J. S. Mill, Chapter 2, paragraph 2, Penguin, 1994

64 European … England: BGE. 253

65 Man … that: TI. I.9

66 All … derision: BGE. 225

67 The … Vesuvius!: GS. 283

68 To … absurdity: EH. 2.1

69 He … pastor … guide: III.93. Werke, Karl Schlechta Edition

70 I … depravity: AC. 62

71 One … governor: AC. 46

72 It … today: AC. 38

73 The … Christianity: TI. VIII.2

74 not- … -revenge: GM. I.14

75 a … accomplishment: GM. I.13

76 the … comfortableness: GS. 338

77 the … antiquity: WS. 7

78 one … philosophizing: WS. 295

79 It … like-minded: Letter to Paul Deussen, ?/2/70

80 Do … thinking?: Letter to Mathilde Trempedach, 11/4/76

81 He … opera: Diary, Cosima Wagner, 4/4/74

82 The … time: Letter from Hans von Bülow, 24/7/72

83 You … is: Letter from Hans von Bülow, 24/7/72

84 For … woman!: Letter from Richard Wagner, 26/12/74

85 Ariadne … you: Postcard to Cosima Wagner, ?/1/89

86 Thanks … ‘me’: Letter to Franz Overbeck, late March or early April 1886

87 I … learn!: Letter to Lou Salomé, 2/7/82

88 My … me: Letter to Franz Overbeck, 25/12/82

89 I … them: Letter to Franz Overbeck, ?/3/83

90 scraped … sheep: Letter to his mother, 4/10/84

91 As … time: Letter to Malwida von Meysenbug, 14/1/80

92 Constant … music!: Letter to Doctor Otto Eiser, ?/1/80

93 for … woman: HAH. I.384

94 Early … vicious!: EH. 2.8

95 no … denies: TI. IX.49

96 The … complaint: D. 52 (my italics)

97 To … weather: EH. 14.4

Acknowledgments

I am much indebted to the following authorities for their comments on chapters of this book: Dr Robin Waterfield (for Socrates), Professor David Sedley (for Epicurus), Professor Martin Ferguson Smith (for Epicurus), Professor C. D. N. Costa (for Seneca), the Reverend Professor Michael Screech (for Montaigne), Reg Hollingdale (for Schopenhauer) and Dr Duncan Large (for Nietzsche). I am also greatly indebted to the following for their comments: John Armstrong, Harriet Braun, Michele Hutchison, Noga Arikha and Miriam Gross. I would like to thank: Simon Prosser, Lesley Shaw, Helen Fraser, Michael Lynton, Juliet Annan, Gráinne Kelly, Anna Kobryn, Caroline Dawnay, Annabel Hardman, Miriam Berkeley, Chloe Chancellor, Lisabel McDonald, Kim Witherspoon and Dan Frank.