coal mining in, 128
Russian invasion of, 22, 129–132
separatist insurgency in, 128–129
Donetsk republic, 128, 129
Dzhemilev, Mustafa, 114, 115, 118, 148
Engel, Eliot, 165
Erdogan, Recep Tayyip, 149
Euromaidan movement, 52–53, 55, 64, 119
European Union (EU): expansion of, 24
and Russian annexation of Crimea, 162–166
sanctions against Crimea, 146–147
and Ukraine cooperation agreement, 50, 51–52
and Ukrainian regime change, 55, 56, 164
Fabius, Laurent, 57
Faymann, Werner, 163
Feodosia (Kaffa), 6, 68, 69–70, 71, 74, 77, 78, 99
Firtash, Dmitry, 53
France, 17, 23, 57, 150, 155
in Crimean War, 83–84, 110, 138
and Russian annexation of Crimea, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165–166
Francis (pope), 153
Friedman, Thomas L., 26
Fukuyama, Francis, 10–11
Galeotti, Mark, 120
Galicia, 40, 42, 43, 129
Garton Ash, Timothy, 29
gas. See natural gas
Gazprom, 49, 141, 163, 165
Genghis Khan, 70, 114
Genghizid dynasty, 70, 72
Genoese in Crimea, 68, 69, 70
Georgia, 132, 138
and NATO membership, 137, 158
naval bases in, 45
and Russian annexation of Crimea, 139–140
separatists in, 30, 165
Germans in Crimea, 5, 66, 80–81, 88, 90, 151
Germany, 157
international agreement on Ukraine, 55–56, 57
and NATO expansion, 23, 24
Nazi occupation of Crimea, 88–90
and Nord Stream pipeline, 48
and Russian annexation of Crimea, 162, 165
Giray, Khan Devlet, 73
Giray, Khan Shagin, 77–78
Giray dynasty, 72
Giuliani, Rudolph W., 157
Goezleve (Yevpatoria), 68, 72, 78, 79
Gogol, Nikolai, 39
Goldman, Marshall, 46
Gorbachev, Mikhail S., 23, 91, 122–123
Gorchakova, Yelena, 85
Graham, Lindsey, 127–128
Greeks in Crimea, 3, 4, 5, 66, 67, 74, 80, 82, 88, 90, 151
Grinevsky, Aleksandr, 101
gypsies of Crimea (Tsigans), 81
Habsburg Empire, 40
Hitler, Adolf, 5, 88–89, 155
Holderness, Mary, 79–80
Hollande, François, 161
Hrushevsky, Mykhailo, 40
Hungary: and NATO membership, 24, 27
and Ukraine crisis, 164
Huntington, Samuel P., 10, 26, 44–45, 167
“hybrid war” doctrine, 120, 129
Ilyasov, Remzi, 148
ISIS, 148–149, 161, 163, 169–170
Istomin, Vladimir, 110–111
Italians in Crimea, 66, 68, 69, 70
Ivan III (tsar of Russia), 75
Ivan IV, the Terrible (tsar of Russia), 37, 73–74
Jackson, Mike, 29
James, Henry, 4
Jaresco, Natalie, 134
Jews: autonomous republic plan, 90
in Crimea, 5, 66, 81, 82, 88, 89, 151
in Ukraine, 39, 41
Kaffa (Feodosia), 6, 68, 69–70, 71, 74, 77, 78, 99
Kagan, Robert, 11, 18, 32, 54, 159
Karaims, 151
Karaites, 66, 74, 81, 82
Keating, William, 165
Kennan, George F., on NATO expansion, 25–26
Kerch Strait, 2, 65, 110, 120, 121, 136, 144, 152
Kerry, John, 53
Khanate, Crimean, 39, 40, 70, 71–74, 77–78, 114
Khmelnytsky, Bohdan, 39, 41
Khrushchev, Nikita S., 20, 43, 46, 64, 91
Kiev, 37, 42
anti-government protests in, 50–51, 52, 54–55
Kievan Rus’, 37–38, 91, 99, 108–109
Kissinger, Henry A., 19, 22, 160, 168
Klichko, Vitaliy, 55, 57
Kohl, Helmut, 24
Koktebel, 95–98, 111
Kolomoysky, Ihor, 130, 134
Komnene, Anna, 75, 76
Kornilov, Vladimir, 110–111
Kosovo, secession of, 27–30, 119, 164
Kozyrev, Andrei, 35
Krasnyi Luch, 8–9
Kristof, Nicholas, 128
Krymchaks, 151
Kuban Cossacks, 120
Kupchenko, V. P., 97–98
Kuprin, Aleksandr, 101
Lansing, Robert, 17–18
Lenin, Vladimir I., 42, 43, 57, 87
Lermontov, Mikhail, “Taman,” 99
Lévy, Bernard-Henri, 165
Luhansk republic, 128, 129
Luttwak, Edward N., 67
Mandelshtam, Osip, 100, 102
Manstein, Erich von, Lost Victories, 7
Matlock, Jack F., 21, 23, 44, 160
Matsuev, Denis, 122
Mayakovsky, Vladimir, 102
McCaffrey, Barry, 25
McCain, John S., 32–33, 53–54, 127–128, 162, 164
McConnell, Scott, 166
McFaul, Michael, 34–35, 159
Menendez, Robert, 127–128
Menon, Rajan, 166
Merkel, Angela, 55–56, 162
Meshkov, Yury, 113
Mickiewicz, Adam, 98
Miller, William, 11
Milošević, Slobodan, 27–28
Mistral warships, 163, 165–166
Mladić, Ratko, 28
Moldova, 128
Mongol conquest, 38, 69–70
Monroe Doctrine, 21
Montenegro, 158
Montreux Convention (1936), 138, 139
Moravians in Crimea, 80–81
Mukachevo, 133–134
Nabokov, Vladimir, 87, 94–95, 100–101
Nakhimov, Pavel, 110–111
Napoleon I (emperor of France), 21, 57, 170
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization): eastward expansion of, 20, 22–27, 30, 137, 156–157, 158
and German reunification, 23, 24
in Kosovo intervention, 27–30
and Ukrainian membership, 56, 58, 64, 157–158
NATO Treaty, 28, 155, 156
natural gas: Black Sea reserves, 140–141
fracking, 141–142
pipelines, 6, 48–49, 141, 162, 163
Nekrasov, Nikolai, 94
Nicholas I (emperor of Russia), 82–83, 107
Nicholas II (emperor of Russia), 145
Night Wolves, 114, 120, 121, 147
Nord Stream gas pipeline, 48–49, 163
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. See NATO
Novorossiisk naval base, 45–46
Nuland, Victoria, 35, 53, 54–56, 57, 166
Nunn, Sam, 160–161
Obama, Barack, 34, 53, 129, 147, 157, 166
on American exceptionalism, 32
debate over foreign policy of, 158–161
foreign policy philosophy of, 168–169
Oettinger, Günther, 162
Orange Revolution, 31, 44, 57, 58
Orbán, Viktor, 164
Ottoman Empire, 16, 39, 40
Crimean government of, 70–71, 77
and Crimean Khanate, 72–73, 74
Crimean Tatars in, 82, 84–85
and Mongols, 70
Romanov invasion of, 82–83. See also Turkey
Pamuk, Orhan, 139
Paris Peace Conference (1919), 18, 42, 135
Paul, Ron, 158
Paustovsky, Konstantin, 101
Perekop Isthmus, 1, 65, 77, 89, 122
Peter I, the Great (emperor of Russia), 19, 76, 109–110
Poland: international agreement on Ukraine, 57
NATO membership of, 24, 27
in Ukraine, 38–39
U.S. policy in, 167
Polo, Marco, 68
Poroshenko, Petro O., 52–53, 134, 135, 158
Potemkin, Grigory, 77
Prokofiev, Sergei, 71
Pushkin, Alexander, 98, 99–100, 132
“The Fountain of Bakhchisaray,” 100
Pussy Riot, 33–34
Putin, Vladimir V.: in Crimean invasion, 63–64, 119–122
on Crimean myth, 136
on Crimean naval bases, 46
demonization in West, 16, 54, 153, 162, 168
and Donbass insurgency, 129, 130–131, 132
energy policy of, 47, 48–49, 141