Sainte-Ménéhould, 123, 125, 128
sans-culottes, and Bailly and Pétion, 135; independent action, 147; and Legislative Assembly, 151, 159; and National Guard, 153; and Danton, 179; demand King’s execution, 184; insurrectionary activities, 194; and Revolutionary Tribunal, 194; and Jacobins, 198; and Girondins, 198, 201; militia raised, 198; granted daily allowance, 211; and Committee of Public Safety, 225; attitude to Robespierre, 254; in prominence again, 271; excluded from meetings of sections, 272; and gap between rich and poor, 273; bread riots, 274–7; journée of 1 Priarial, 278; further weakened, 280; Convention uses against royalists, 283; influence destroyed, 288
Sanson, Charles (b. 1739), 187, 188–9, 309, 316
Sanson, Henri (d. 1840), 187, 222, 316
Santerre, Antoine Joseph (1752–1809), Vainqueur de la Bastille, 82; at demolition of Vincennes, 133, 134; in hiding, 135; and invasion of Tuileries, 147, 148; commands National Guard, 154; warned of forthcoming attacks on prisons, 169–70; and septembriseurs, 177; and King’s execution, 186; later life, 316–17
Sauce, Jean Baptiste, 125–6, 128
Sauce, Madame, 127
Sauvigny, Bertier de, 92
September Massacres, 170–79; revulsion against, 181
Sieyès, Emmanuel Joseph, Abbé (1748–1836), 94; history, 43–4; and Third Estate, 54, 55, 59; supports Mirabeau, 62; monarchien, 133; and Directory, 291; warns against return to ‘disastrous times’, 299–300; plans coup d’état, 301; and Bonaparte, 302; Consul of French Republic, 304; later life, 317
Sillery, a Girondin leader, 223
Staël, Madame de, 144, 152
Sullivan, Eleonora, 120
Sweden, 298
Swiss Guards, at storming of Tuileries, 155, 159, 160, 161; in September Massacres, 173–4
Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles Maurice de, later Prince of Benevento (1754–1838), 42, 114, 259, 303, 317
Tallien, Jean Lambert (1767–1820), Terror at Bordeaux, 228; Robespierre attacks, 260; attacks Saint-Just and Robespierre, 262; and Lescot-Fleuriot, 264; becomes reactionary, 271; calls for vengeance, 277–8; later life, 317
Target, Gui-Jean-Baptiste (1733–1807), 53–4, 184, 317
taxation, of peasants and nobles, 30; exemption of nobles from, 31–2; inequitable system of, 36; proposed land tax, 37–8, 39; riots over, 39–40
Temple, 162, 182, 280
Terror, days of the, 221–9; Danton on, 235; victims, 248; Robespierre justifies, 248; outspoken condemnation of, 257, 259; rejection of, 271; officials physically attacked, 272; Sieyès recalls with horror, 300
Thermidorians, 282–3, 285, 288
Thiébault, Baron, 153, 177
Thrale, Hester Lynch, 24
Thuriot de la Rozère, Jacques Alexis, 74–5, 262, 271, 317
Toulon, civil war, 202; British occupy, 203; executions in, 227; retaken, 257; uprising at, 279; Bonaparte at, 285; Egyptian expedition sails from, 298
Tourzel, Duchesse de, governess to royal children, on Queen in Versailles riot, 103; leaves Versailles, 104; flight to Varennes, 121, 122, 126; return journey to Paris, 128, 129; and September Massacres, 173; later life, 317
Tuileries, royal family in, 105, 117, 118, 153; closely guarded, 119; flight of royal family from, 121–2; flight discovered, 123–4; return to, 130; Liberty tree to be planted, 147; mob invades, 148–50; storming of, 155–61; Convention meet in, 197; sans-culottes march towards, 275; insurgents leave, 277; journées of Vendémiaire, 286–8
Turgot, Anne-Robert, Baron de Laune (1727–81), 27, 29, 35, 36
Turgy, 182
Two-Thirds Law, 283
Vadier, Marc-Guillaume, and Danton, 236; and Robespierre, 257, 260, 262; brought to trial, 272; later life, 318
Valazé, a Girondin leader, 222
Valmy, battle of, 179, 180
Varennes, 125–8
Varlet, Jean, 194, 198, 211, 271
Vendée, uprising in, 169; civil war, 194, 202, 215; order restored, 257; anti-Republican control, 273
Vergniaud, Pierre Victurnien (1753–93), 141, 263, 282; President of Legislative Assembly, 136, 159; threatens Court, 144; reassures King, 158; and September Massacres, 181; objects to creation of Revolutionary Tribunal, 195; condemned to death, 222; execution, 223; on Charlotte Corday, 310
Versailles, Petit Trianon, 19; Louis XVI’s library, 24; cuts in Household expenditure, 36; Estates General at, 46, 49–55; troops converge on, 63; banquet for arrival of Flanders Regiment, 95–6; demands for march on, 96; market-women’s march on, 97–100; National Guardsmen converge on, 100; mob violence, 101–3; royal family appear on balcony, 103–4; royal family leaves, 104–5
Victoire, Daughter of France, 119
Vilate, a juryman on Revolutionary Tribunal, 251–2, 254, 318
Vincennes, Château de, 133–4
Voltaire, 71, 205
war, civil, 194, 195, 202–3, 215, 281
Wars, Revolutionary, with Austria and Prussia, 145; Longwy falls, 169; war declared on major European powers, 193; French defeats, 194; Committee of Public Safety prosecutes, 215
White Terror, 272
Young, Arthur, 29–30, 34, 41, 58