Petöfi Circle / Budapest neo-Marxist School,
Petrovic, Gajo
Piatakov, Yury
Pipes, Richard
Pitești penitentiary
Pjade, Mosa
Plekhanov, Georgi
Pleșu, Andrei
pluralism; Gorbachev and; Lenin vs.; post-Communism and; revolutions (1989-91) and. See also democracy; diversity
pogroms
Poland: anti-Semitism; Communist Party; defeat of former Communists (September 2005); de-Stalinization; impersonal democratic procedures; Kaczynski brothers; Kwarniewski; March student upheaval; Mazowiecki; Zygmunt Modzelewski as foreign minister; not exactly totalitarian; perestroika and; post-Communism; Rakowski; revisionism and; Workers' Defense Committee (KOR). See also Kolakowski, Leszek; Polish dissidents (1987-89)
Polish dissidents (1987-89). See also Solidarnosc/Solidarity
Politburo; Jakub Berman; Brezhnev; Kaganovich; Lenin's; Romanian members
political modernity. See modernity
political monopoly: Communist Party; Fascist; “Gorbachev phenomenon” and. See also dictatorship; hegemony; totalitarianism
political parties; Cominform (Communist and Workers' Parties); Fascists internalizing Lenin's cult of the party; Italian National Fascist Party; Nazi Party (NSDAP); one-party system; Party of Democratic Socialism; post-Communist; Romanian; Russian Liberal Democratic Party; Serbian Radical Party; social democrats; Socialist Unity Party (SED). See also Bolshevism; Communist Party; vanguard party
political synchronization, law of
politics of amnesia
politics of antipolitics. See also reinvention of politics
politics of charisma. See charismatic politics
“politics of knowledge,”
Pollack, Detlef
Pomian, Krzysztof
Ponge, Francis
Pope John Paul II
Popov, K., “The Party and the Role of the Leader,”
Popper, Karl R.
Popular Fronts, vs. Nazis
populism: dangers of; de-Stalinization; ethnocratic; Fascist; post-Communism
Portugal, civil unrest vs. right-wing dictatorship
post-Communism; East and Central Europe; “electoral volatility,”; ethnocentric nationalism; fantasies of salvation; “heroic mobilization,”; intellectuals; legitimation from the past; and Leninist debris; morality; nature of transitions; “normality,”; paradoxes; political partiesi; specters; treatment of former party and secret police activists and collaborators. See also post-Leninism; post-Marxism; post-totalitarian system; revolutions (1989-91)
post-democracy
post-Leninism, East and Central Europe
post-Marxism
post-totalitarian system. See also dissidents; post-Communism
Prague: Prague Declaration; Prague Spring; show trials
Pravda
Praxis group
Preoteasa, Grigore
press, freedom of
Priestland, David
Prokhanov, Aleksandr
proletariat: Bukharin and; class consciousness; democracy; dictatorship of; Gorky; “in itself” and “for itself,”; internationalism; Lenin and; Marx and; morality and; redeemer; Stalin and
public sphere: anti-Communist demonstrations; The Black Book of Communism and; de-Stalinizing; private person and; reconstitution of. See also citizenship; civil society
purges: Communist; Nazi. See also genocide; show trials
Putin, Vladimir
Rabinbach, Anson
racialization/de-racialization. See also biological distinctions; ethnocentricity; genocide; Jew
Radek, Karl
radical evil; Communism; Fascism
Radio Free Europe
Radio Moscow
Rahv, Phillip
Rajk, László
Rákósi, Mátyás
Rakowski, Mieczyslaw
Răutu, Leonte; “Against Cosmopolitanism and Objectivism in Social Sciences,”
recession
reconciliation
Reddaway, Peter
redemptive mythologies; Communist; Fascist; post-Communism and. See also eschatology; messianism; salvationism; utopia
Red Terror (1918)
Rees, A. E.
Reich, Wilhelm
reinvention of politics; East and Central Europe; Soviet Union resistance; anti-Communist demonstrations; anti-Nazi; and revolutions (1989-91); self-conscious creation of a site of. See also dissidents; revolution
“return to Europe,”
“return to Lenin,”
“return to the source,”
Révai, József
revisionism: Communist; Fascism lacking
revolution; from above; archangelic; from below; Cuban; eschatological doctrine of; French (1789); genuine; Hungarian (1956); irreversible moment breaking with the past and creating a totally new world; “legal revolution,”; Lenin's revolutionary novelty; Marxist thought on; October (1917); originating in a millenialist vision of perfect society; post-Communist demand to end; radical; “The Revolution isn't dead; the Revolution is sick, and we must help it,”; rules of the game; Russian (1905); Russian (1917); Russian revolutionary tradition; Russian Socialist Revolutionaries; socialist; takeover of power; total; as ultimate événement; Western revolutionary tradition. See also Cultural Revolution; dissidents; revolutionary movements; revolutionary passion; revolutions (1989-91), Eastern and Central Europe
revolutionary class. See also proletariat
revolutionary movements: Communist; Fascist; Jacobin
revolutionary passion: Communist; Fascist
revolutionary situation, Lenin's definition of
revolutions (1989-91), Eastern and Central Europe; Berlin Wall falling; citizenship rebirth; and civil society; common sense as core value; dissidents and; leading to diversity; lesson of; morality and; and pluralism; roundtable strategy; Soviet collapse catalyzed by; utopia ended by
Riegel, Klaus-Georg “rights talk,” post-Communism. See also citizenship; freedom; human rights; individual
Robinson, Neil
Rocco, Alfredo
Rohm, Ernst
Rolland, Romain
Roller, Mihail
Roman, Valter
Romania: Antonescu; Communist Party (RCP); Communist party resurrection; Constitutional Court; Danubian confederation; de-Stalinization; general elections (2009); Greater Romania Party; Ianoși; ideological apparatchiks; Iron Guard; legal procedures for Communist crimes; National Liberal Party; National Peasant Christian and Democratic Party; National Salvation Front; parliamentary putsch (April 2007); Party Cadres Department; Pătrășcanu; Pleșu; post-Communism; problematic exit from state socialism; purges; radical-authoritarian trends; regret for predictability and frozen stability; revisionism; Romania Mare Party; Social Democratic Party; Stalinism; working class passivity. See also Ceaușescu, Nicolae
Roselli, Carlo
Rosenberg, Alfred
Rosenthal, Bernice Glatzer
Rothschild, Joseph
roundtable strategy
Rubashov, Nikolai (Koestler's hero),
Russell, Bertrand; The Practice and Theory of Bolshevism
Russia: The Black Book of Communism and; Communist Party of the Russian Federation; “competitive authoritarianism,”; conspiracy theories; glasnost; human rights movement; Liberal Democratic Party; “managed democracy,”; nationalism; October Revolution (1917); post-Soviet; radical-authoritarian trends; revolution (1905); revolutionary tradition; Russian Revolution (1917); Russian Socialist Revolutionaries; Socialist Revolutionaries; Stalinist-nationalist coalition; “Weimar Russia,”. See also Soviet Union
Russian Communist Party. See also Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU); vanguard party
sacralization: by ideology; infallible party line; memory of the gulag; of politics; revolutionary power; “semiotic,”. See also charismatic politics; messianism; mysticism; salvationism