Alaska Dispatch
, June 13, 2012,
http://www.alaskadispatch.com/article/north-dakota-crude-elbows-alaska-oil-out-washington-refinery
.
6.
Thomas Friedman, “The Other Arab Spring,”
New York Times
, April 8, 2012, p. SR1.
7.
“Lights Out: Another Threat to a Fragile Country’s Stability,”
Economist
, October 8, 2011,
http://www.economist.com/node/21531495
.
8.
Michael Kugelman, “Pakistan’s Climate Change Challenge,”
Foreign Policy
, May 9, 2012,
http://afpak.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2012/05/09/pakistans_climate_change_challenge
.
9.
John Bongaarts, Zeba Sathar, and Arshad Mahmoud, “Seven Billion People, How Many Pakistanis?”
News
, November 1, 2011,
http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-9-75429-Seven-billion-people-how-many-Pakistanis
; “Pakistan to Become the World’s 4th Largest Nation by 2050: Survey,”
Pakistan Defence
, June 28, 2010,
http://www.defence.pk/forums/economy-development/63702-pakistan-become-4th-largest-nation-population-2050-a.html
.
10.
Robert Worth, “Earth Is Parched Where Syrian Farms Thrived,”
New York Times
, October 13, 2010,
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/14/world/middleeast/14syria.html
.
11.
Ruchir Sharma,
Breakout Nations: In Pursuit of the Next Economic Miracles
(New York: Norton, 2012), p. 23.
12.
Zuliu Hu and Mohsin S. Khan,
Why Is China Growing So Fast?
Economic Issues series, no. 8 (Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund, 1997), p. 1,
http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/issues8/issue8.pdf
.
13.
Niall Ferguson, “Mideast’s Next Dilemma: With Turkey Flexing Its Muscles, We May Soon Face a Revived Ottoman Empire,”
Newsweek
, June 19, 2011,
http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2011/06/19/turkey-the-mideast-s-next-dilemma.html#
.
14.
Ahmet Davutoglu,
Civilizational Transformation and the Muslim World
(Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Mahir Publications, 1994); “The Davutoglu Effect,”
Economist
, October 21, 2010,
http://www.economist.com/node/17276420
.
15.
Sharma,
Breakout Nations
, p. 119.
16.
Vali Nasr,
The Shia Revivaclass="underline" How Conflicts Within Islam Will Shape the Future
(New York: Norton, 2006).
17.
Halil Karaveli, “Why Does Turkey Want Regime Change in Syria?”
National Interest
, July 23, 2012,
http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/why-does-turkey-want-regime-change-syria-7227
.
18.
“Alevis Fire at Government in Ongoing Cemevi Quarrel,”
Hurriyet Daily News
, August 11, 2012,
http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/alevis-fire-at-government-in-ongoing-cemevi-quarrel.aspx?pageID=238&nID=25298&NewsCatID=339
.
19.
“Growing Less Mild,”
Economist
, April 14, 2012, p. 61.
20.
Halil M. Karaveli, “Why Turkey Is Not Going to Help Midwife a Pluralist Syria,”
Turkey Analyst
5, no. 15, Central Asia-Caucasus Institute, August 13, 2012,
http://www.silkroadstudies.org/new/inside/turkey/2012/120813a.html
.
21.
Ibid.
22.
“Erdogan Lambasts Opposition, Says Syrian Crisis Not Sectarian,”
Today’s Zaman
, May 15, 2012,
http://www.todayszaman.com/news-280401-syrian-crisis-not-sectarian-but-humanitarian-issue-says-erdogan.html
.
23.
Anthony Shadid, “Turkey Predicts Alliance with Egypt as Regional Anchors,”
New York Times
, September 19, 2011, p. A4.
24.
Matt Bradley, “Saudi Arabia Closes Embassy in Egypt,”
Wall Street Journal
, April 28, 2012,
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304723304577371912180606218.html?mod=WSJ_World_LEFTSecondNews
.
25.
Tony Karon, “Does Qatar Share the West’s Agenda in Libya?”
Time
, October 5, 2011,
http://globalspin.blogs.time.com/2011/10/05/does-qatar-share-the-wests-agenda-in-libya/
; Rod Norland and David Kirkpatrick, “Islamists’ Growing Sway Raises Questions for Libya,”
New York Times
, September 14, 2011,
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/15/world/africa/in-libya-islamists-growing-sway-raises-questions.html?pagewanted=all
.
26.
Golnaz Esfandiari, “Qatar Conquers Iran’s Airspace,”
Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty
, November 5, 2011,
http://www.rferl.org/content/qatar_conquers_irans_airspace/24382213.html
.
27.
Sharma,
Breakout Nations
, p. 213; Vali Nasr, “Will Saudis Kill the Arab Spring?”
Bloomberg View
, May 23, 2011,
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-05-23/will-the-saudis-kill-the-arab-spring-.html
.
28.
Sharma,
Breakout Nations
, p. 216.
29.
Robert Kaplan,
The Revenge of Geography: What the Map Tells Us About Coming Conflicts and the Battle Against Fate
(New York: Random House, 2012), p. 258.
30.
Kiren Aziz Chaudhry,
The Price of Wealth: Economies and Institutions in the Middle East
(Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1997); Thomas W. Lippman,
Saudi Arabia on the Edge: The Uncertain Future of an American Ally
(Washington, DC: Potomac Books, 2012).
31.
Toby Jones,
Desert Kingdom: How Oil and Water Forged Modern Saudi Arabia
(Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2010).
32.
Nasr,
Shia Revival
, pp. 147–68.
33.
Interview with a former Iranian official, July 2011.
CHAPTER 8: THE CHINA CHALLENGE
1.
Jeffrey Bader, who worked on China at the Obama White House, writes of President Obama’s belief that America had neglected Asia because of its focus on the Middle East and al-Qaeda in
Obama and China’s Rise: An Insider’s Account of America’s Asia Strategy
(Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 2012); also see David M. Lampton, “China and the United States: Beyond Balance,”
Asia Policy
14 (July 2012): 41.
2.
Ibid.
3.
Hillary Clinton, “America’s Pacific Century,”
Foreign Policy
, November 2011,
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/10/11/americas_pacific_century
.
4.
Ibid.
5.
Kenneth Lieberthal and Wang Jisi,
Addressing U.S.-China Strategic Distrust
, John L. Thornton China Center Monograph Series, no. 4 (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 2012).
6.
Dale Copeland, “Economic Interdependence and the Future of U.S.-China Relations,” in G. John Ikenberry and Michael Mastaduno, eds.,
International Relations Theory and the Asia-Pacific
(New York: Columbia University Press, 2003), pp. 323–52.
7.
Henry M. Kissinger, “The Future of U.S.-Chinese Relations: Conflict Is a Choice, Not a Necessity,”
Foreign Affairs