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Take a seat, please.

)

incomplete period of time

A period of time that includes the time of speaking. (

I have known him

for two years

.

)

indefinite

Not pertaining to a specific person, thing, idea or time. (

Somebody

left you

a message

this morning.

)

indirect object

To or for whom the action of the verb is being done; the receiver of the action. (

She told

me

her name.

)

inflection

A change in or addition to the form of a word that shows a change in the way it is used in sentences. (

He like

s

what you cook

ed

.

)

informal

Part of colloquial or everyday speech. (

I'll be with you in a sec.

)

instrument

Something that the doer uses in performing the action. (

She covered the child with

a blanket

.

)

interrogative sentence

The sentence type used to express a direct question. (

What are you doing?

)

intransitive verb

A verb that does not take a direct object. (

How long have you been

living

here?

)

inversion

A construction in which a verb or an auxiliary precedes the subject. (

Here

comes the bus

. You don't work here,

do you

?

)

M

main clause

A clause that could be a sentence in itself. (

I wouldn't go there

if I were you. When I called her,

she was studying

.)

main verb

A verb that can express an action or a state in itself; also called a lexical verb. (

Adam

plays

squash a lot. This watch

belonged

to my grandfather.

)

N

negative sentence

A declarative sentence that indicates "no". (

Tim has no friends.

)

noun

A part of speech that names a person, place or thing. (

The

koala

is a

marsupial

.

)

O

object

A person or thing that is affected by the action of a verb or is involved in the result of an action. (

Can you help

me

?

)

P

particle

A word that is joined to the verb in a phrasal verb. (

He is looking

after

his ageing parents.

)

perfect aspect

The aspect that expresses completion, formed with

have

+ past participle. (

He

has finished

university.

)

period of time

The length of time between two points of time. (

He works

from 8 to 4

. We've been staying here

for two weeks

.

)

point in time

A specific moment in time. (

She came home

at six

. I was born

in 1980

.

)

progress

An action is said to be in progress when it is happening. (

When I called her, she

was studying

.

)

pronoun

A part of speech that refers to or stands instead of a noun. (

Who do

you

think I

am

?

)

punctuation

The use of special marks to structure and organise written language: full stop (

.

), comma (

,

), question mark (

?

), exclamation mark (

!

), apostrophe (

'

), quote (

"

), colon (

:

), semi-colon (

;

), hyphen (

-

), dash (

), parentheses (

( )

) and brackets (

[ ]

).

Q

question word

A word that introduces a

wh

-question. (

What

are you doing?

How

old are you?

)

R

reference point

A point in time in relation to which an action takes place. (

When I called her

, she was studying.

They had all arrived by

10 o'clock

.

)

S

state

A condition that exists at a specific time. (

I was sick. He doesn't have your address.

)

structure

The way in which the parts of a sentence, clause or expression are arranged. (

make + object + bare infinitive

in the sentence

The teacher

made me rewrite

the composition.

)

subject

The person or thing that performs the action of a verb or that is described by a verb. (

You

look pretty.