CONTENTS
VOLUME I
PART I. PROLEGOMENA
BOOK I. HISTORY, HISTORIANS, AND THE WRITING OF HISTORIES
PAGE
CHAPTER I
Some General Considerations
1
The oriental period,
2
. The classical historians,
3
. The mediæval and modern histories,
4
.
CHAPTER II
Materials for the Writing of History
5
CHAPTER III
The Methods of the Historians
9
CHAPTER IV
World Histories
13
CHAPTER V
The Present History
22
BOOK II. A GLIMPSE INTO THE PREHISTORIC PERIOD
CHAPTER I
Introductory
32
CHAPTER II
Cosmogony—Ancient and Modern Ideas as to the Origin of the World
33
CHAPTER III
Cosmology and Geography—Ancient and Modern Ideas
38
CHAPTER IV
The Antiquity of the Earth and of Man
40
CHAPTER V
The Races of Man and the Aryan Question
43
CHAPTER VI
On Prehistoric Culture
45
Language,
44
. Clothing and housing of prehistoric man,
46
. The use of fire,
46
. Implements of peace and war,
47
. The domestication of animals,
47
. Agriculture,
48
. Government,
49
. The arts of painting, sculpture, and decorative architecture,
50
. The art of writing,
50
.
PART II. EGYPT
Introductory Essay. Egypt as a World Influence.
By Dr. Adolf Erman
57
Egyptian History in Outline
(4400-332
B.C.
)
65
CHAPTER I
The Egyptian Race and its Origin
77
The country and its inhabitants,
81
. Prehistoric Egypt,
88
.
CHAPTER II
The Old Memphis Kingdom
(
ca.
4400-2700
B.C.
)
90
The first dynasty,
90
. The second dynasty,
92
. The third dynasty,
92
. The pyramid dynasty,
93
. A modern account of the pyramids,
95
. The builders of the pyramids,
98
. The beautiful Nitocris,
104
.
CHAPTER III
The Old Theban Kingdom
(
ca.
2700-1635
B.C.
)
106
The eleventh dynasty,
106
. The voyage to Punt,
108
. The twelfth dynasty,
110
. Monuments of the twelfth dynasty; a classical view,
113
. The ruins of Karnak,
115
. The fall of the Theban kingdom,
117
. The foreign rule,
118
. The Hyksos rule; the seventeenth dynasty,
121
.
CHAPTER IV
The Restoration
(
ca.
1635-1365
B.C.
)
126
Eighteenth dynasty,
126
. The Hyksos expulsion: Aahmes and his successors,
127
. Tehutimes II; Queen Hatshepsu,
133
. Triumphs of Tehutimes III; his successors,
136
.
CHAPTER V
The Nineteenth Dynasty
(
ca.
1365-1285
B.C.
)
141
King Seti,
142
. Ramses (II) the Great,
144
. The war-poem of Pentaur,
148
. The kingdom of the Kheta and the nineteenth dynasty,
150
. Death of Ramses II,
153
.
CHAPTER VI
The Finding of the Royal Mummies
155
How came these monarchs here?
157
.
CHAPTER VII
The Period of Decay
(
Nineteenth and Twentieth Dynasties
:
ca.
1285-655
B.C.
)
162
Meneptah,
162
. From Setnekht to Ramses VIII and Meri-Amen Meri-Tmu,
166
. The sorrows of a soldier,
170
. Egypt under the dominion of mercenaries,
171
. The Ethiopian conquest,
174
. Table of contemporaneous dynasties,
179
.
CHAPTER VIII
The Closing Scenes
(
Twenty-sixth To Thirty-first Dynasties
: 655-322
B.C.
)
180
Psamthek,
180
. The good king Sabach (Shabak) and Psammetichus,
184
. The restoration in Egypt,
185
. The Persian conquest and the end of Egyptian autonomy,
188
. The atrocities of Cambyses,
191
.
CHAPTER IX
Manners and Customs of the Egyptians
196
The position of the king,
198
. Weapons of war,
202
. Battle methods,
205
. Social customs,
208
. The Egyptians as seen by Herodotus,
212
. Homes of the people,
216
.
CHAPTER X
The Egyptian Religion
219
Religious festivals and offerings,
222
. Gifts and riches of temples,
225
. Diodorus on animal worship,
228
. A modern account of the worship of Apis, the sacred bull,
232
. The methods of embalming the dead,
236
.
CHAPTER XI
Egyptian Culture
240
The hieroglyphics,
249
. “By what characters, pictures, and images the learned Egyptians expressed the mysteries of their mindes,”
250
. The riddle of the sphinx,
251
. Literature,
257
. The Castaway: a tale of the twelfth dynasty,
260
.
CHAPTER XII
Concluding Summary of Egyptian History
263
APPENDIX A
Classical Traditions
267
Another ancient account of the Nile,
273
. A Greek view of the origins of Egyptian history,
278
.
APPENDIX B
The Problem of Egyptian Chronology
287
Manetho’s table of the Egyptian dynasties,
291
.
Brief Reference-List of Authorities by Chapters
293
A General Bibliography of Egyptian History
295
PART III. MESOPOTAMIA
Introductory Essay. The Relations of Babylonia with other Semitic Countries.
By Joseph Halévy
309
Mesopotamian History in Outline
(6000-538
B.C.
)
318
CHAPTER I
Land and People
337
The land,
338
. Original peoples of Babylon: the Sumerians,
342
. The Semitic Babylonians,
344
. The original home of the Babylonian Semite,
347
.
CHAPTER II
Old Babylonian History
(
ca.