j Diodorus Siculus, op. cit.
k Xenophon, op. cit.
l Pausanias, A general description of Greece.
Chapter XLVI. When Thebes was Supreme
b Georg Weber, Weltgeschichte.
c Xenophon, op. cit.
d George Grote, op. cit.
e Isocrates, Archidamus.
f Cicero, Tusculanarum Disputationum Libri V. and De Oratore.
g Polybius, General History.
h Plutarch, op. cit.
Chapter XLVII. The Tyrants in Sicily
b Louis Ménard, Histoire des Grecs.
Chapter XLVIII. The Rise of Macedonia
b Johann G. Droysen, Geschichte Alexanders des Grossen.
c L. Ménard, op. cit.
d Demosthenes, Orations.
e Herodotus, History.
f Thucydides, op. cit.
g Arrian, The Anabasis of Alexander.
h Theopompus, Philippica.
i Titus Livius, Annales.
Chapter XLIX. The Triumphs of Philip
b L. Ménard, op. cit.
c John Potter, Antiquities of Greece.
d L. A. Prévost-Paradol, Revue de l’histoire universelle.
e R. C. Jebb, in an article on “Demosthenes” in the Ninth Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica.
f J. B. Bury, op. cit.
g George Grote, op. cit.
h B. G. Niebuhr, op. cit.
i Diodorus Siculus, op. cit.
j Wilhelm Drumann, Verfall der griechischen Staaten.
k Plutarch, op. cit.
l Pausanias, op. cit.
m Xenophon, op. cit.
n Georg Weber, op. cit.
Chapter L. Alexander the Great
b Appianus Alexandrinus, The History of Appian of Alexandria (translated from the Greek by J. Dancer).
d Justin, History of the World (the abridgment of the Philippic History of Trogus Pompeius).
e Quintus Curtius, The Wars of Alexander (translated by William Young, 1747).
f Diodorus Siculus, op. cit.
g Plutarch, op. cit.
h Connop Thirlwall, op. cit.
i Arrian, op. cit.
j Ptolemy Lagi, and Aristobulus, as quoted by Arrian, Diodorus, etc.
Chapter LI. Alexander Invades Asia
b George Grote, op. cit.
c J. G. Droysen, op. cit.
d Jurien de la Graviére, Les campagnes d’Alexandre.
e Arrian, op. cit.
f George Grote, op. cit.
g Ptolemy Lagi, Aristobulus, Anaximenes, and Callisthenes, as quoted by Arrian, Diodorus, etc.
Chapter LII. Issus and Tyre
b Connop Thirlwall, op. cit.
c George Grote, op. cit.
d J. G. Droysen, op. cit.
Chapter LIII. From Gaza to Arbela
b Arrian, op. cit.
c Quintus Curtius, op. cit.
d Connop Thirlwall, op. cit.
e Georg H. A. Ewald, The History of Israel.
f Henry H. Milman, The History of the Jews.
g Diodorus Siculus, op. cit.
h George Grote, op. cit.
i William Mitford, op. cit.
j Edward S. Creasy, Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World.
k John B. Bury, op. cit.
l Adolf Holm, op. cit.
m Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews.
n Karl Ritter, Afrika (in Die Erdkunde, etc.).
o Louis A. Thiers, Histoire du Consulat et de l’Empire.
Chapter LIV. The Fall of Persia
b Quintus Curtius, op. cit.
c George Grote, op. cit.
d John B. Bury, op. cit.
e Arrian, op. cit.
f Diodorus Siculus, op. cit.
g Plutarch, op. cit.
Chapter LV. The Conquest of India
b Connop Thirlwall, op. cit.
c J. G. Droysen, op. cit.
d Diodorus Siculus, op. cit.
e Arrian, op. cit.
f Quintus Curtius, op. cit.
Chapter LVI. The End of Alexander
b Connop Thirlwall, op. cit.
c Arrian, op. cit.
d J. G. Droysen, op. cit.
e Plutarch, op. cit.
f Barthold G. Niebuhr, op. cit.
g Herodotus, op. cit.
h Polybius, op. cit.
i Aristobulus, quoted by Plutarch, Arrian, etc.
Chapter LVII. Various Estimates of Alexander
b Arrian, op. cit.
c Claudius Ælianus, op. cit.
d Titus Livius, Roman History (translated 1686).
e George Grote, op. cit.
f George W. Cox, op. cit.
g L. Ménard, op. cit.
h Charles Rollin, Ancient History.
i Barthold G. Niebuhr, op. cit.
k Connop Thirlwall, op. cit.
l J. G. Droysen, op. cit.
m Georg W. P. Hegel, Philosophy of History.