Taine, H., The Philosophy of Art in Greece, New York, 1889; Lectures on Art, New York, 1889.—Tarbell, F. B., A History of Greek Art, London, 1896.—Taylor, T., The Eleusinian and Bacchic Mysteries, New York, 1891.—Terxetti, A., La Grèce ancienne et moderne considerée sous l’aspect religieux, Paris, 1884.—Theognis, Ἐλέγεια (Poems), Venice, 1495; edited by Bekker, Leipsic, 1815.—Theopompus, Φιλιππικά (Philippica), Theopompi Chii fragmenta, collegit, disposicit et explicavit, R. H. E. Wichers, Leyden, 1829.—Thiers, L. A., Histoire du Consulat et de l’Empire, Paris, 1845-1862, 20 vols.—Thirlwall, C., A History of Greece, London, 1845.
Connop Thirlwall was born at Stepney, London, January 11, 1797; died at Bath, July 27, 1875. Bishop Thirlwall was one of those extraordinary men who are, perhaps, much more numerous than the world generally imagines, of whom it may be justly said that he never accomplished half that he might have done had he focalised his energies, and more persistently applied his capabilities. He was almost a prodigy of learning as a child, and in adult life he showed how the capacity to acquire knowledge was still retained by making himself master of the Welsh tongue, and preaching in that language when called to a Welsh pulpit. But his efforts were never focalised for a long period on any particular field, and it was almost by accident, and certainly by outside influence, that he was led to produce the one work which will transmit his name to posterity. This work of course is his history of Greece.
Such criticism as this is not intended in any sense to be a disparagement of that history, nor indeed of Thirlwall’s accomplishments as a whole. Applied in that sense criticism would be absurd, for it may be doubted, even to this day, whether Thirlwall’s is not the best general history of Greece that has ever been written. Certainly, for the general reader, it combines in a larger measure authority with a popular interest of presentation than any other in the English language. But the work was written to meet a popular demand, and while it was in no sense a hurried or careless production, the friends of Thirlwall always thought that it might have been given a somewhat more authoritative cast, had it been undertaken through different motives.
After all, however, perhaps the world is better for the work as it stands. Ponderous histories of Greece are no novelty, whereas readable histories of any country are never a drug on the market. The frequency with which we have had occasion to recur to the pages of Thirlwall in treating the history of Greece has been an earnest of our estimate of the position which his history holds after two or three generations of workers have searched for fresh material in the same field.
Thouvenal, E. A., La Grèce du Roi Othou, Paris, 1890.—Thucydides, Συγγραφή, Venice, 1502; The History of the Grecian War (trans. by Henry Dale), London, 1852; Of the Peloponnesian Wars, London, 1856, 2 vols.—Timayenis, T. T., Greece in the Times of Homer, New York, 1885; A History of Greece from Earliest Times to Present, New York, 1881.—Tozer, H. F., The Islands of the Ægean, Oxford, 1890; Researches in the Highlands of Turkey, 1869.—Tsountas, C., and J. I. Manatt, The Mycenæan Age, Boston and New York, 1897.—Tyrtaeus, Εὐνομία, edited by Klotz. Bremæ, 1764, Fragments 5, 6.
Virchow, R. (in Schliemann’s Ilios, Leipsic, 1881).
Wachsmuth, C., Die Stadt Athen im Alterthum, Leipsic, 1874.—Waddington, W. H. (in collab. with Le Bas), Voyage Archéologique en Grèce et en Asie Mineure, Paris, 1847-1877, 6 vols.—Walton, A., The Cult of Asklepios, Ithaca, N.Y., 1894.—Watkins, L., The Age of Pericles.—Weber, G., Weltgeschichte, Leipsic, 1857-1880; A History of Philosophy, London, 1896.—Wheeler, Benjamin Ide, Alexander the Great: The Merging of East and West in Universal History, New York and London, 1902.
Benjamin Ide Wheeler was born at Randolph, Mass., July 15, 1854. President of the University of California since 1899. President Wheeler’s earlier publications were chiefly concerned with Greek philology, but his interest in other phases of Greek life is evidenced by the work above cited. As a matter of course this work is scholarly; but it is also popular in the best sense of the word: indeed, no more readable and satisfactory account of the life of Alexander exists in any language.
Wilamowitz-Möllendorff, W., von, Homerische Untersuchungen, Berlin, 1884.—Winterton, R., Poetæ Minores Græci, Cambridge, 1684.—Witt, C., The Retreat of the Ten Thousand, London, 1891; The Trojan War, London, 1884.—Wolf, F. A., Prolegomena ad Homerum, Halle, 1795.—Wordsworth, C., Athens and Attica, London, 1836.—Wyse, T., Impressions of Greece, London, 1871.
Xanthus, Λυδιακὰ Βιβλία δ’, Lydiaca (in C. Müller’s Fragmenta Historicorum Græcorum, pp. xx-xxiii, 36-44).—Xenophon, Κύρου Ἀναβάσις, ed. by Krüger, Leipsic, 1888, 7th ed.; Anabasis of Cyrus, London, 1881; Ἀπομνημονεύματα Σωκράτους, ed. by Kühner, Leipsic, 1882, 4th ed.; Memorabilia, edited by J. R. King, Oxford, 1874; Ἑλληνικά, The Hellenics, London, 1855.
Zeller, E., History of Greek Philosophy, London, 1881.
MAP OF ALEXANDER’S EMPIRE
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