148, 227, 250-2, 254-6, 258, 367, 372, 391, 413, 418, 428, 438-9, 443, 446-7
lack of 81
Moravian Brothers see Protestantism, Moravian Brothers
Mordva 42, 56, 67, 69, 71, 90-1, 232, 309,
330, 362, 452 Morozov, Boris Ivanovich 212 Morozova, Fedosiia 418, 420, 426 Moscow vii, 23, 42-4, 48, 71, 109, 130, 140-1, 145, 149, 162, 165, 170-1, 181, 188, 190, 192, 194-5, 197, 204, 217-18, 226, 233, 237, 241, 247-8, 250, 255, 290, 308, 322-3, 339, 341, 346-7, 361, 377-8, 385-7, 389-92, 395, 403-4, 420, 454, 461 Administrative Chancery of 240 architectural style of 286-7 Bolotnaia square 352 as center of power 1, 45, 132, 458 events occurring in 13, 139, 151-2, 183,
241 -2 Fili Church 144 geographical location of 21, 237 Grand Principality of see Muscovy Great Stone Theater 444 Kremlin, the 10, 133, 140-3, 150-1, 174-5, 179, 202, 208, 217, 237-8, 247-8, 255, 296, 386 Archangel Michael Cathedral 133, 142-3
Dormition Cathedral (Uspenskii
sobor) 44, 130, 133-4, 142-3, 190, 282 St. Basil Cathedral 252 metropolitans of 208, 247, 256, 413 neighbourhoods 197, 387 Belyi gorod 237, 386-7 "Earthen Town" 237, 386 "German" 204, 296, 302, 402 Kitaigorod 194, 237, 386 Pokrovskoe 386 Preobrazhenskoe 296, 386, 420 Rogozhskoe 417 Semeonovskoe 386 "White Town" 237 Novodevichii Convent 143 patriarchs of 79
people/population of 28, 235-6, 240,
378, 392 riots in 241-2
rise of 32,45,47,49-53,173,199,209,211,
213, 248, 457 as "Third Rome" 5 University of 302, 312-13, 349, 388, 436, 438
"Moscow List", the 214 Moscow Merchant Club 393 Moskovskie vedomosti 388, 436 Moskva River 44, 142, 236 mosques 70, 95, 285, 292, 399-400, 456
destruction of 56, 397 Mount Athos 254 Mozdok 97, 336 Mozhaisk monastery 142, 202-3 Msta River 342 Mstislav 121
Mstislavskies, Princes, the 149, 210-11 muftis 92
Mughal empire, the 2-3, 5, 8, 35, 37, 40, 192
Muller, Gerhard Friedrich 377 Munro, George 345, 388 Murav'ev, M. N. 377 Murom 89 murzy 56
Muscovy 7, 9-12, 27, 35, 46, 48, 52-3, 57, 59-60, 62, 130-1, 135-9, 149, 155, 160, 164, 205-7, 220, 224,
242-3, 248, 253, 281, 393, 430, 432, 436, 450, 457
campaigns of 56, 211, 213, 296 government of 56, 168-9, 171, 173, 177,
179, 185, 216 grand princes of 30, 249 policies/actions of 33, 67, 70, 178, 198 rulers of 55, 71, 142, 146, 156, 458 Muscovy Company, the 52, 188 Muslims 10, 35, 41, 45, 55-6, 60, 69, 71, 81, 89-90, 92, 96-7, 141, 192-3, 230,
262, 292, 351, 397-401, 405-8, 450, 452, 459; see also Russian Orthodoxy, conversion to
elite 115-16, 162, 397 opposition to/anti-Muslim sentiment
55-6, 70 Shiite 35, 37, 130, 397 Sufi 37, 130, 408 Sunni 35, 37, 130, 397 Muslim Spiritual Assembly 92,399-401 myths 136, 220, 276, 435, 459 national 48, 444
Naimark, Norman viii namestnichestva 111, 308 Naples 31, 235 Napoleon 100
Napoleonic Wars 100, 116, 298, 317, 345 narod 100
Narva 13, 50, 52-3, 116, 143, 191, 322 Naryshkina, Natalia 151,212 Naryshkins, the 151, 153, 253, 280-1 nastavniki 420
Natalia Alekseevna (sister of Peter I) 436 nation-states 38
nationalism 80-1, 100, 110, 113, 118, 388,
414, 444, 450, 454, 457 nationality 41
native peoples 33, 55, 58, 60, 62-3, 65, 80-1, 88, 93-4, 99, 130, 163, 169, 230-3, 312, 362, 430, 450, 459 government/governance of 86, 92, 309, 330 treatment of 161, 402 Nattier, G. E. 440
navigation 59, 191, 272, 302, 337, 341 Neglinnaia River 44 Nerchinsk 85, 195-6, 242, 319, 363 Nerchinsk, Treaty of 36, 62, 196 Neronov, Ivan (Old Believer priest) 255, 257 Netherlands, the 26, 29-30, 50, 179, 188, 193, 197-8, 323, 337, 428; see also Dutch Republic, the and Holland people of/from 52-3, 189, 191, 202-4, 240 Neva River 274, 389-90 New Julfa see Armenians, New Julfa New World, the 5 New Serbia 105, 113, 307 newspapers and broadsheets 37, 349-50, 388,
436, 439 Nezhin 112, 165
Nicholas I (Emperor) 372, 403, 407, 420, 443,
460, 462 Nicholas II (Emperor) 284 Nicodemos the Hagiorite 414 Niemcewicz, Julian Ursyn
Return of the Deputy 444 Nikitin, Aleshka 242 Nikitin, Gavriil 242-3, 393 Nikitnikov, Afanasii 367 Nikolaev 342
Nikon (Patriarch) 131, 143-4, 248, 256-7, 261, 370, 406, 417-18, 422 Nomokanon 256 Psaltyr 256-7 "Nikon" Chronicle, the 132 Nizhegorod 361
Nizhnii Novgorod 28, 44, 165, 193-4, 197, 202, 236, 240-1, 359, 371, 399 nobility, Russian, the 63, 73, 75-8, 93, 100, 108, 110, 112, 117, 120, 137, 219-20, 267, 279, 281, 283, 296, 300, 306, 308-11, 314, 319, 326, 331, 334, 337, 345, 347, 365, 370, 372, 376, 379, 382, 386, 388, 393, 413, 415-16, 427-32, 434-6, 440-2, 444-8, 454; see also boyars and elite, the and Charter of Nobility (1785) actions/activities of 285, 321, 325, 361, 369,
427, 429, 433-4, 436, 440
cohesion of see elite, the, cohesion amongst emancipation of 370, 372, 447 "golden age of" 427 hereditary 302-3, 429 joining the ranks of the 106, 428-30, 434 local 116, 307 number of 105
rights/privileges of 79, 113, 117, 121, 211,
360, 375, 427-9, 432-4 role/responsibilities of 214, 280, 304,
311,429 undermining of 311-13, 352 nobility (non-Russian), the Catholic 122
German 118, 120, 384, 403, 430, 459;
see also Baltic German Junkers imperial 115
Polish 113, 122-3, 430, 435, 440, 452, 459 Nobles Bank 325, 431
Nogais, the 11, 46, 57-60, 67, 69-72, 93, 98,
105,211,307, 336, 369, 397 nomads and nomadism 4, 11, 13, 25, 34, 45, 51,57, 63, 65-7, 69-70, 90, 94, 114, 231,335-6, 339, 369, 371, 454, 457 Noonan, Thomas 41 North America 9, 23, 26, 425
natives of 58 Norway 26
Novgorod 9, 13, 27-8, 42-4, 46-8, 50, 53, 132, 138, 142, 153, 161-2, 165, 177, 180-2, 188, 191, 193, 197-9, 202-3, 213, 222, 228, 236-7, 240, 249-50, 254, 311, 323, 361, 431 Archbishopric of 50, 132, 244, 255-6 Church of the Transformation 47 hinterland of 60 Khutinskii Monastery 143 Muscovy in conflict with 56-7, 199 Sofiia Cathedral 43 Novgorod Seversk 13-14,51, 111 Novikov, Nikolai 397, 438-9, 445 Novocherkassk 407
Novorossiia (New Russia) 101, 105, 113-14, 123, 307-8, 310, 331, 336, 338, 341, 357-9, 363-4, 369, 434, 459 Nur Sultan (Kazan) 51 Nyrob
Church of St. Nicholas 145 Nystadt, Treaty of 15, 116, 403
Ob River 25, 51, 60, 65, 236
Obdorsk 60, 62
Oberpolitsmeister 387
oblasti 86, 310, 349
obrok see Quitrent
Ochakov 34, 105, 114, 276
Odessa 84, 109, 324, 343
odnodvortsy 89, 91, 97, 103, 163, 219-20, 297,
328, 336, 359-60, 363, 371 offices 111, 216, 308, 311, 388, 430, 433 farming out of 177 holding of 108, 433
officials 229, 313, 334, 376, 382, 385,
429-30, 460 Oka River 13,45, 51,67,397 Okhotsk 62-3 okol'nichii 210-11
Old Belief 37, 65, 71-2, 86, 95-8, 114, 120, 130, 217, 230, 254-8, 260, 331, 336, 357, 370, 397-8, 406-10, 414, 416-20, 425, 428, 452; see also Avvakum and Ivan Neronov and Loggin and Pomorians (Old Believers) and religion and toleration, religious and Theodosians (Old Believers) and Vyg (Old Believer community) Olearius, Adam 171, 179, 193, 237, 258, 392 Oleg, Prince 43 Olonets 191, 320, 323, 407 Omsk 88 Omsk oblast 96 O'Neill, Kelly 115-16,292 Oprichnina, the 10, 13, 27, 52, 148-9, 153-4,
162, 166, 200, 223 "Orders" (ceremonial) 271, 273, 442
Order of St. Catherine 440 Ordin Nashchokin, A. L. 212 Orel 24, 103, 219, 357, 360 Orenburg 88-92, 95, 98, 308, 323, 338, 399, 401
Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Authority 115, 408;
see also Islam Orlov, Aleksei 276 Oskol 182 Oskol River 68