248, 251 Trivolis, Michael 254 Troitskii, S. M. 304-5 tropes about Russia 1, 7, 461 Tsareborisov 68 Tsarev Alekseev 163 Tsaritsyn 165, 195, 407 Tsarskoe 110 Tsarskoe selo 275, 284 Tula 24, 28, 67, 163, 180-1, 204, 320, 357, 379, 383
Tula-Serpukhov industrial region 203 Tunguz 29, 64, 85, 89, 232 Tuptalo Rostovskij, Dimitrij 410-11, 413 Tura River 51 Turkey 17, 420
alliances against 13-15 crusades against 12-13, 420-1 culture of 72, 141, 435 Russia in conflict with 17, 421 Turkish War of 1735-9 16, 84, 100, 103, 281 -2
Turkish War of 1768-74 84, 100, 105, 111,
328, 333, 348, 370 Turkish War of 1787-92 84, 100, 105, 114-15, 298, 332
Turkish wars 84, 100, 103, 299, 307, 346 Turks 41, 59, 97, 124, 192, 275-6, 333, 357,
385, 420-1 Turner, Victor 169 Turukhansk 60
Tver 9, 27-8, 43-4, 48-50, 70, 132, 162,
181, 199, 203, 237, 249, 311, 341, 361,391 Ascension church 391 Tveretinov 410
uezdy 86, 92, 106, 301, 303, 338,
343, 349 Ufa 24, 92, 170, 407 Uglich 148, 170 Ugra River 12,51
Ukraine 9, 11, 17, 25, 30, 34, 37, 45, 58, 67, 73-4, 82-3, 106-7, 112-13, 122, 144, 146, 165, 174, 182, 198, 253, 262-3, 267, 297, 312-13, 324, 332, 341, 346, 356-7, 405, 410-11, 422, 424-5, 439, 456-7;
see also Mohyla, Peter culture of 107-8, 147, 257, 268, 285-6 history of viii, 76
Left Bank 110-11, 122, 198, 253, 310, 331, 336, 341, 357, 358-9, 364, 368, 423-4
modern day 41-3, 72, 84, 369 Right Bank 111, 122,307,311,332,341, 358-9, 385, 407, 423-5
Russian acquisition of 31 Ruthenian elite 108,110,112-13 Ruthenian identity 73, 82 Sloboda see Sloboda Ukraine Ukrainian Orthodox Church 37, 74-5, 77-9, 106, 109-10, 112, 122, 247, 253, 255, 267-9, 290, 384, 398, 406, 410-13, 423; see also religion and Uniate (Greek Catholic) Church Ukrainians vii, 42, 46, 49, 59, 64, 80, 82-3, 91, 96-7, 108, 110-11, 113, 115-16, 120-1, 139, 225, 244, 253, 267, 269-70, 288, 290, 298, 310, 330, 359, 398, 412, 421-2, 424, 430, 435; see also Cossacks, Ukrainian Uniate (Greek Catholic) Church 37, 74, 77, 106-7, 122, 130, 146, 288, 397, 404, 406-8, 420-5; see also religion and Russian Orthodoxy and Ukrainian Orthodox Church United States 33, 372, 420 people of/from 1-2, 21
unity 1, 5, 133, 160, 424, 430-1 universalism 292-3, 446, 451 universaly 107
universities 117, 119, 122, 302, 313, 428, 430, 436
Ural Mountains, the 21, 24-5, 42, 46-7, 50-1, 53, 58, 60, 69, 79, 85, 87-90, 94, 101, 113, 163, 195, 203, 319-20, 323-4, 356-8, 362-4, 370-1, 398-400, 417, 452 people of 105, 231, 307, 359, 370
urban areas 10, 41, 99, 109, 115, 123-4, 172, 177-8, 204, 223, 229, 235-6, 238-9, 288, 344-5, 379-80, 382-91, 394, 428; see also towns and cities and urbanization design/layout of 236-8, 284-5, 292, 314,
322-3,385-91,395,435,456,462 reform/development of 355, 377-8, 384, 386-7, 390-2, 394, 460 urbanization 31 Userd 68 Usol'e 145, 320
Church of the Transfiguration 145 Uspenskii, Boris 135 Ustiug 47, 162, 240, 383 Ustiuzhna-Zheleznopol'skaia 165, 203 Ust-Kamenogorsk 88, 93 Uyghuristan 195 Uzbeks 130
values 269, 351, 366, 381, 413, 427, 443
western 1,229,365,427,451 Valuiki 68
Vasa, Wladyslaw 10, 14 Vasa dynasty 74
Vasil'ev, Feodosii 417; see also Theodosians (Old
Believers) and Old Belief Vasilii I (Grand Prince of Moscow) 148 Vasilii II (Grand Prince of Moscow) 49, 148 Vasilii III (Grand Prince of Moscow) 133, 136,
149, 430 Vasilii Shuiskii (Tsar) 10, 13, 150 Vatican, the 12,15, 203,247, 404,407, 421-2, 424; see also Catholicism and Pope, the envoys of 13
union with 37, 48, 420-2 Vel'iaminovs 210 Velikaia region 51 Velikie Luki 28, 45, 52 Veluiki 67 Velychko, Samuil
Tale of Cossack Wars with the Poles 110 Velychkovskii, Paisii 414
Dobrotoliubie 414 Venev 163 Venice 14, 256, 414 Verkhne-Iaisk 88, 92 Verkhotur'e 65, 145, 195, 323, 341 Versailles 274 Viatka 86, 170, 236, 357 Viatka-Perm 132 Viatka River 60, 64 Viazemskii, Aleksander 277 Viaz'ma 28, 52, 162, 180, 192 Vienna 15, 341, 428, 457 Vikings 41, 377
Vilnius 45, 52, 106, 117, 122-3, 182, 191, 422, 461
Vilnius (cont.)
Cathedral of Mother of God 456 University of 122, 313 Vinius, A. A. 179, 182, 204, 240, 277 Vinnitsa 407
violence 153-4, 158-9, 161, 168, 172, 183,
233, 258, 281, 335, 347, 351, 367, 370-1, 387, 399 Vishlenkova, Elena 451, 454 Vitebsk 45, 120-1
Vladimir 24, 43-4, 133, 142, 162, 181, 183, 238, 244, 250, 361, 455 Dormition Cathedral 142 Grand Principality of 44, 130 Vladimir Monomakh (Grand Prince) 130 Vladimir Mother of God icon 133-4 Vladimir Opole 24
Vladimir Andreevich (Prince of Staritsa) 149 Vladimir-Suzdalia 43, 147 Vlatava River 236 Vodarskii, E. 30, 79 Vogelaer, Marcus 240 Voguly/Mansi 42, 51, 60, 64, 398, 402 Volga River 11,13,25, 28, 32, 44-5, 47-9, 56, 59, 65, 67-9, 89-90, 125, 162, 174, 189, 193, 236, 242, 331, 336, 342, 357-8, 371, 383, 391-2, 401, 403; see also trade routes, Volga river system
lower 9, 25, 46, 57-8, 60, 70-1, 89, 113-14, 172, 230, 241, 244, 258, 320, 357, 359, 398
middle 11, 63, 79, 81, 88, 90-2, 120, 130, 163, 170, 208, 230, 232, 244, 284, 299, 323, 330, 357-9, 371, 393, 397-9, 430, 452, 454, 459 ports 109, 457
trade along the 36, 42, 45, 47, 51, 53, 191, 194-5, 199, 202-3, 236, 322-3, 362, 457 upper 3, 43-4 Volga steppes 57
Volga-Oka mesopotamia 43, 45, 225 Volhynia 43-4, 77, 106, 122-3, 125, 425 Volkhov River 202, 236 Volodymyr (Grand Prince and Saint) 43, 110 Vologda 50, 52, 143, 162, 164, 180, 188,
190-1, 197, 203, 236, 242, 323, 383, 444 Sofiia Cathedral 190-1 Volok Lamskii 50 Volokolamsk
Trinity Monastery 250 Volotskii, Joseph 133; see also St. Joseph of Volokolamsk and Sanin, Joseph Voltaire 438, 440 Vonifat'ev, Stefan 256
Voronezh 24, 163-4, 219, 296, 298, 327, 335, 356-8, 360-1, 371, 399, 431
Vorotynsk 180
Vorskla 67
votchina 208, 213-14
Votiaks/Udmurts 42, 56, 89, 91, 362,
371, 452 Voznesensk 105 Vulpius, Ricarda 398, 451 Vyborg 50, 118, 120, 125, 191, 311,
332, 390 Vychegda River 47, 51, 60 Vyg (Old Believer community) 406, 417-20;
see also Old Belief Vym River 47, 51 Vyshnyi Volochek 341-2 Vytautas (Grand Duke of Lithuania) 148
Wales 80 Wallachia 14
people of/from 115-16,331,336 War Commissariat, the 344 warfare 2, 136, 192, 200, 217,
316, 319 Warsaw 17, 78, 150, 335, 456 wealth 100, 112, 201, 204, 207, 212-13, 215, 248, 250-1, 319, 381, 393, 410, 454, 458, 460 lack of 241, 376, 379, 431 weapons 63; see also military, the, hardware of Weber, Max 168 West Slavs 42 White, Richard 58
White Sea 21, 25, 50, 52-3, 60, 124, 180, 188-90, 192, 198-9, 202, 323, 342, 377 ports 36, 38, 189 White Sea littoral 51 Whittaker, Cynthia 440, 443, 446 Wilbraham-Bootle, Edward 391 Wink, Andre viii, 35 Winkler, Martina 454 Wirtschafter, Elise 261, 312, 364, 367, 376,
393, 413, 427, 443, 446 Witsen, Nicholas 178
North and East Tatary 178 Witzenrath, Christoph 62 Wolff, Larry 424, 451 women 65-6, 135, 157, 168, 227-9, 260,
274-5, 277, 279-80, 293, 363-4, 376, 381-2, 414, 418, 420, 431-2, 435-6, 440 Wortman, Richard 270, 274, 454
Yalta 456
Yangtze River (China) 32 Yeats, William Butler 18
Zakhar'inys 210; see also Romanovs, the zakladnichestvo 223 Zamosc 422
Zaporozhian Sich 75, 77, 95-6, 103, 105-6.
109, 111, 113-14, 307, 371 Zavadovskii, Peter 113 "Zealots of Piety" 255, 257, 267, 422 zemskii reform of 1550s 173 zemskii ispravnik 309
Zevi, Sabbatai 405 zhid 124 zhilets 214
Zhivov, Viktor 135, 269-70, 275 Zvenigorod 28, 204, 250 Zyzanii, Lavrentii 78