gravitational slingshots, 69–70
slowing of time on Miller’s planet, 59, 163
water waves on Miller’s planet, 164–166
spin of Gargantua for visualizations, 76, 97–98
anemic accretion disk, 94
size of Gargantua on sky, 63, 168–169
accident is the first building block of evolution, 100
wormhole’s gravitational pull, 139
wormhole’s handles, 139–140, 144
remove gravitational waves from Interstellar, 150–151
explosion in space, 182
bulk beings as descendants of humans, 193
number of dimensions for the bulk, 196
Endurance’s near capture by Gargantua, 252
bulk beings save Cooper from singularity, 247
which singularity, 249
what it looks like inside a black hole, 250
rule set for time travel, 263
complexified tesseract, 252–253, 256–261, 264–266
moving forward and backward in our universe’s time by moving through the bulk, 261, 271
science compromises to make film great, 61–62, 63–64, 97–98, 144–145, 168–169, 196
science compromises to make film accessible to mass audience, 69–70, 76, 150–151, 242
Kip’s overall view on his science compromises, 9
use of sets instead of computer graphics, 13–14
communicating rule sets to audience, 262
oxygen cycle, 281
pathogens, 108–111, 113
planets of our solar system, 20–21, 21, 71, 71
Professor Brand’s equation, 200–201, 212–222; see also blackboards, Professor Brand’s
Kip’s discussions with Christopher Nolan about what the equation should be, 9, 213
and the Professor’s struggle to understand gravity, 213–220
and controlling gravity’s strength, so as to lift colonies off Earth, 212, 221, 223, 263, 273–274
specific form of the equation, 220
explanation of equation, 220–221
solving the equation—what that means, 221
iterations in solving the equation, 221–222, 221
quantum data, see quantum gravity data
quantum fluctuations, 28–29, 155–156, 197, 223–225, 268, 273, 287
quantum foam, 134–135, 224–225
quantum gravity data
what these data are, 224–225
encoded in the singularities inside a black hole, 225–227
extracting them from a singularity, 170, 223, 266
quantum gravity, see laws of physics, quantum gravity laws
quantum physics, see laws of physics, quantum laws
quasars:
discovery of, 88–89
explanation by black-hole accretion disk, 89–91
jets powered by whirling magnetic fields, 91–92
revolutions that upend scientific truth, 24, 202
rocket technology:
twenty-first century, 68, 117
far future, 117–120
science:
the power of, for humans, 275
the importance of understanding science, its power and its limitations, 275
truth, educated guess, and speculation in, 30–34
science fiction:
contrast with science fantasy, 62
respectability in, 246–247
singularities:
what a singularity is, 225–226
as the domain of quantum gravity, 49, 225–227
naked singularities, 59, 227–230
inside black holes, see singularities inside black holes
singularities inside black holes:
the chaotic, lethal BKL singularity, 230–231, 246
the infalling (mass-inflation) singularity, 232–233, 246, 248–249
the outflying (shock) singularity, 233–234, 246, 248–249
“gentleness” of infalling and outflying singularities, 234, 246–247
Cooper sandwiched between singularities in Interstellar, 248–249
slingshots, see gravitational slingshots
solar system, 20–21, 21, 71, 71
solving gravity, see Professor Brand’s equation
space colonies, 273–275, 290
spacetime:
unification (mixing) of space and time, 185–186
causal structure of, 297–298
warping of, see warped spacetime
space warps, see warped spacetime
stars:
nearest, 115–117
Tau Ceti, 115–117
Proxima Centauri, 21, 116–117, 120
torn apart by black holes, 93–94, 148–149
Sun, 20–21, 20
space warped around, 37–39, 47, 32, 39
tidal forces of, 43
temperature of, 94
gravitational force of, and planetary orbits, 194–195, 202
particles flying out from, 24–25
superstring theory, 30, 187–188, 187, 284
tendex lines, 41–44, 41, 151–153, 151, 152, 153, 164–165, 165, 209–211, 209, 210, 214–216, 214, 215; see also tidal gravity
tesseract:
as a hypercube in a space with four dimensions, 253, 253
as a means of transport through the bulk, 34, 193, 196–197, 200–201
in the novel A Wrinkle in Time, 289
tesseract, in Interstellar:
saves Cooper from singularity, 251, 252
entrance to, 252
transports Cooper to vicinity of Murph’s bedroom, 254–255
Cooper sees six views into bedroom, 256–257
Cooper sends signals backward in time to Murph, via the tesseract, 263–266, 270–271, 297–298
see also tesseract, Nolan’s complexified
tesseract, Nolan’s complexified
images from Interstellar, 257, 261, 265
Christopher Nolan’s hand drawing of, 259
Kip’s explanation of, 256–261, 265–266, 270–271
sending messages backward in bedroom time, 263–266, 270–271, 297–298
Thorne, Kip, see Kip Thorne
tidal bores, 166, 167
tidal field, see tendex lines; tidal gravity
tidal forces, see tendex lines; tidal gravity
tidal gravity:
instruments to measure, 209–211, 210
Newton’s viewpoint, 42–43
and straightest paths through warped spacetime, 41, 44, 278
tendex viewpoint, 41–44
and ocean tides on Earth, 42–43
and gravitational waves, 151–153
on Jupiter’s moon Io, 168
on Miller’s planet, 58, 163–166, 284, 292
tears stars apart, 93–94, 148–149, 280
squeezes accretion disk, 98
and design of the Endurance, 180–181
pries Endurance apart from Mann’s planet, 237–238, 238
and gravitational anomalies, 213–216
near singularities, 231–233, 251
see also tendex lines
tides:
on Earth’s oceans, 42–43
on Miller’s planet, 163, 166
time traveclass="underline"
what we know about, without a bulk, 266–269
with a bulk, 269
in Interstellar: