INDEX
abortion 315, 337–8
criminalized (1936) 65
Afghanistan 249, 327
agriculture 66–9, 214 – see also private plots
Aldwinkle, Linda 197n
Alexander II 313
Amnesty International 168, 191n
Andreev, A. A. 67, 85–6, 139
Andropov, Yuri Vladimirovich 233, 238, 253–9, 327–8, 374–5, 382
on ‘prophylaxis’ 192–5
anthropometrics 313–6
anti-communism 378
anti-Semitism 74, 129, 132
Anti-Waste Commission (1966) 330–3, 334, 342, 351–3
Arbatov, G. 254, 328n
Aristov, A. B. 239
Armenia 20, 206
arms race 385
atomic weapons 115, 154, 384–5
autonomization 20–3
Avksentev, N. 282–4
Avrekh 280
Azerbaidzhan 20
Bahr, Egon 237–8
Baibakov, N. K. 329, 352n
Baldwin, Peter 5n
banquets 355–6
barter 362
Belorussia 20, 336
Benjamin, Walter 61
Berdyaev, N. 389
Berezhkov, Valentin 33, 384
Beria, Lavrenty P. 87, 107, 108, 111, 147, 155–6, 181, 244
on Gulag 118
biological status 314–6
birth rate 54, 64–5
black economy – see shadow economy
Black Hundreds 285
black market – see shadow economy
Bloch, Jean-Richard 49
Blucher, Vasilly K. 92
Bobkov, F. D. 255, 258
Bogdanov, A. A. 110, 389
Boldin, V. 234
Bolshevism 278, 282–4, 286–7, 389
as ethos 302–3
democracy and 306–7
peasantry and 289
post-1989 vilification 387
Stalin and 14
transformation 290–1, 308–9
Boroch, J. 365n
Brezhnev, Leonid 230, 232–3, 234, 261–3, 347, 350
Andropov and 256, 257, 259
black market and 369
Brezhnevism 253, 264
Budapest 253
Budenny, S. M. 13
Bukhara 20
Bukharin, Nikolai 49, 51, 350–1
correspondence with Lenin (1915) 276–7
destruction of 98–9
bureaucracy 343–57, 369, 371–5, 379–80
absolutism of 380, 383
bureaucratization 39–43, 47, 75, 78–83, 142, 320–1, 350
after Stalin 217–20
Burlatsky, F. M. 242, 254, 328n
Butler, W. I. 162n, 166, 169, 173n
Cadets (Constitutional Democrats) 279–80, 284, 286–7
capitalism 369–70
Caucasus 207, 210, 340
census (1970) 344–6
Central Committee 89, 128, 131, 249, 323, 341, 348
Andropov and 265
Khrushchev and 156, 349
membership 227
MVD and 158–60
post-war reform (1946–8) 132–42
privileges 229, 231–2
Stalin and 99–100, 155
subdued 112
Chaffin, Mary 197n
Cheka 101, 178
Chernenko, Konstantin 232–4, 262–3, 267
Chernov, V. 286
China 389
Chubar, Vlas 85
CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) 2
Civil War 290–1, 293, 296–7, 299, 301, 304–5, 310, 314, 389
Cold War 201, 259, 271, 384–5
democracy and 2–3
collectivization 68
Commission for Economizing State Resources/Commission for the Elimination of Waste – see Anti-Waste Commission
Communist Party 226–35
collapse of 326
Congresses
Eleventh (1922) 16, 298, 304–5, 350
Twelfth (1923) 17, 28–9, 307–8
Thirteenth (1924) 32, 38
Sixteenth (1930) 40
Seventeenth (1934) 49, 91, 105, 239
Eighteenth (1939) 67, 108
Twentieth (1956) 156, 186, 239, 240
Twenty-second (1961) 186
Twenty-fourth (1971) 216
democracy 301
membership 226–7
pensions 229–30
as powerless 135–6, 348–50, 373
privileges 228–9
replaced by bureaucracy 373–4
competition 328–9
Constitutional Democrats – see Cadets
corruption 136, 261, 263, 320, 348, 355–7, 363, 374
Cossacks 294
Council of Ministers 135–7, 155, 158–60, 222–4, 231, 323, 329, 341
KGB and 253
pensions and 230
Cuban crisis (1962) 238
culture 386–7 – see also poetry
Czechoslovakia 249, 254, 255, 276
Dal’stroj 115
Dallin, David 304–5, 307
Danilov, V. P. 61
Davies, Robert 125–6, 215, 297, 328
de-Stalimzation 189, 202, 239, 243, 247, 323–4
de-urbanization 296–7
decentralization 221
democracy 300–1, 305, 379
democratization 259
Andropova and 266–7
dissidents 168–9, 183, 190–201, 253–4
Andropov and 256
arrests 260
divorce 315
Djilas, Milovan 45
Dmitrieva, D. B. 194n
Dobrynin, Anatoly 231–2, 233–5, 237
drugs 363
Duby, Georges 35–6
Dudorov, N. 158–60, 179
Duma 278, 280
Dymshits, V. 357–8
dzerzhava (super-state) 20
dzerzhavnik (super-state chauvinist) 381–3
Dzerzhinsky, Felix E. 24, 26, 27
economic performance 328
East Germany – see GDR
Edelman, O. V. 191n, 200
education 56–7, 214, 367–8
Efimov, A. N. 205–6, 211, 250
Egorov, A. 92
Ehrenburg, Il’ia 49–50, 155
Eikhe, P. I. 85, 105
Eisendrath, Craig 2n
employees 53–9
equality 316, 317
Estonia 206
‘Evil Empire’ 194–5
exile 163
Ezhev, N. I. 85–6, 87, 100, 108
Fainsod, Merle 83
Far Eastern Republic 20, 47
Fedoseev, Yevgeny 329
Fedotov, G. 389
Fetisov, T. L. (Gvishiani) 224, 249, 252
Finland 20, 110
First World War 293–4, 297, 310, 314, 379, 384
five-year plans (piatiletki) 9, 45
first (1928–32) 64
second (1933–7) 49
eighth (1966–70) 215, 371
ninth (1971–5) 216
Fogleson, Todd 170–1
Fotieva, L. A. 17, 27–8
Foucault, Michel 313
Galil, Ziva 278
Garbuzov, V. F. 224, 352n, 356
Gavnlov, L. M. 294n
GDR (German Democratic Republic, ‘East Germany’) 254, 255
Georgia 20, 21, 209
‘Georgian incident’ 24–8
Georgiev, V. 251
Germany (FDR, ‘West Germany’) 264, 276
Getty, Arch 123n
Glenny, Michael 197n
Gogoberidze, L. 21
Gorbachev, Mikhail 232, 233–5, 238, 253, 259, 267, 387
Andropov and 265
Gosplan 211, 213, 215, 216, 220, 222–3, 248, 326, 329, 330, 332–5, 338, 341, 352n, 376
on eighth five-year plan 370–1
on shadow economy 363–4
report on labour (1965) 205–10
Gossnab (State Committee for
Material and Technical Supplies) 223, 250, 357–60
GPU 21, 41, 50, 73, 74, 76, 101, 113
NKVD and 178–9
grain 68, 214, 296
Great Russian nationalism 24–5, 26, 29, 36–7, 146, 197–8, 289, 381–2
Gregory, P. R. 313
Gromyko, Andrei 232, 233, 235, 236–8
Grossman, Gregory 361, 362
GRU (military counter-intelligence) 179
GUGB (General Department of State Security) 86, 103, 114, 178
Gulag (General Camp Directorate) 114–5, 147, 154, 179–81
crisis of 122
dismantling of 157
Gvishiani – see Fetisov, T. I.