ambushes, 120, 122, 137, 141, 144
American Civil War, 145
American Museum of Natural History, 57
American peoples, map, 27 fig.
See also specific regions, countries, and peoples
Anasazi Indian sites, 135–36
Andaman Islanders, 15, 26 fig., 55, 139, 444 table, plate 4
children, 189, 194
trade, 65, 67, 68 table
Andean peoples
field scattering, 304–6, 338–39
food storage, 309 table, 311
language diversity and loss, 380, 401
Anderson, Robin, First Contact, 57, 58
animal domestication, 19, 295
See also herding societies; livestock
animals
animal cognition, 337, 351
dangerous animals, 199, 200, 271, 279 table, 280, 282–83, 285, 286, plate 43
infectious diseases and, 295, 297
rearing of animal young, 183, 186
thrifty-gene experiments, 446–47
warlike animals, 154–57
See also livestock; specific animals
animism, 338
Apache Indians, 144, 166
Arab countries, diabetes in, 433, 438 table, 450
Arabic language, 372, 401
Aranda Aborigines, 228
Araucanian Indians, 144, 228
archaeological evidence, 481
for trade, 60, 64
for warfare, 134–36, 150, 152
Archbold expedition, 57, 119
Archbold, Richard, 57
Arctic and Arctic peoples, 14, 214, 311, 381
maps, 26 fig., 27 fig.
See also specific groups
arrow poisons, 281
art, 136, 340, plate 25
Asia and Asian peoples
diabetes, 430, 433, 438–39 table, 440
filial piety, 221
food storage, 309 table, 313
language diversity, 376, 380
map, 26 fig.
salt intake, 419, 420, 421, 426–27
See also specific countries and peoples
Asmat people, 158
atheism, 325, 330, 354–55
Atkins, J. D. C., 399
Atran, Scott, 327 table, 344
Australia
diabetes in, 438 table
See also Aboriginal Australia
Austronesian expansion, 380, 381, 396
autonomy. See independence
Auyana people, 148–49
Azande people, 341 table
Aztec Empire, 140
Bach, Johann Sebastian, 449, plate 28
Baliem Valley, 57
Harvard expedition, 119–20, 122, 132, 153
See also Dani people
Baltic languages, 399
bands, 14–15, 18
Bantu languages, 380, 381, 396
Bantu peoples, 51, 66, 70, 72, 187, 188
Bellah, Robert, 327 table
Bengali language, 372
Berndt, Catherine, 94
Berndt, Ronald, 94, 272
bilingualism, 382, 386–92, 400, 402–3
See also multilingualism
Bird-David, Nurit, 205
birds, 186
Bismarck, Otto von, 193
black mamba, 283–84
blood pressure, 417–18
See also hypertension
Bofi Pygmies, 181
Bonampak murals, 136
bonobos, 154
Borodkin, Sophie, 397, plate 47
Bougainville Island, 395–96
boundaries. See territoriality
Bowles, Samuel, 139
Boyer, Pascal, 344
breast-feeding, 175, 179–83, 208
Breton language, 399, 465
Britain
child-rearing, 191, 193
salt intake, 427
sugar intake, 428–29
in the World Wars, 127, 407
Broekhuijse, Jan, 54, 120, 133
Buddhism, 328, 329, 330, 352
bureaucracies, 11, 15
Butler, Samuel, 193
California Indians, 309 table, 381
See also specific groups
Calusa Indians, 16, 17, 27 fig., 68 table, 146
Canada
French language in, 375, 403, 404, 409
native languages, 376, 377, 381
cannibalism, 159, 246
cassowary, 249, 269
The Castle (Kafka), 11–12
Catholicism, 341 table, 363, 364
causal explanations
disease responses and, 296, 297–98, 339
human cognition and, 336–40
religion and, 329, 340, 345–46, 367 fig.
cave paintings, 340, plate 25
Celtic languages, 396, 399, 401, 408
Chagnon, Napoleon, 132, 158, 163
Cherokee Indians, 406
chiefdoms, 16–17, 201
dispute resolution, 95–97, 115
religion, 356–57, 368
warfare, 141, 146, 147, 148
See also specific peoples
Child of the Jungle (Kuegler), 133, 480–81
children, 24, 30, 173–209, 213
adoptions, 189
autonomy of, 173–74, 188–89, 192, 196–200, 205, 208–9, 459–60
breast-feeding and birth intervals, 177–78, 179–83, 208
child development scholarship, 174–76
child-rearing practices compared, 206–9
childbirth, 176–77, 187–88
discipline and punishment, 192–96, 208
elders and, 187, 188, 218, 236–37
empty-nest syndrome, 233
fathers and allo-parents, 178, 186–90, 208
infant-adult physical contact, 181–82, 183–86, 199, 208
infant and child mortality, 176–77, 179, 180, 218, 231, 290
infant bilingualism, 391–92
infanticide, 177–79, 286, 287
learning from traditional societies, 25, 174–76, 207–9, 462–63
multi-age playgroups, 200–202
play and education, 202–6, 208, 285–86
responses to crying infants, 190–92, 208
transportation of, 184–85, plates 21, 38, 39
war and, 141, 146, 157, 163
chimpanzees, 157, 183, 418
China
diabetes in, 430, 438 table, 450
elder status, 221, plate 23
language diversity, 376, 377
Mandarin Chinese language, 372, 405
salt intake, 421, 426
wars involving Chinese speakers, 164
Christianity, 325, 345–46, 352, 358, 360, 361
success of, 364, 365
See also Catholicism; Mormonism
Chukchi people, 215, 216, 228, 229
Chumash Indians, 16, 17, 27 fig., 133
Churchill, Winston, 217, 407
Cipriani, Lidio, 444 table
See also Andaman Islanders
Cistercian order, 353
Civil War, 145–46
clans, 15
climate, 307–8, 310, 377–78
cognition, 239, 405
Alzheimer’s disease, 392–95
multilingualism and, 387–95
origins of religion and, 336–40, 355
Columbus, Christopher, 14
communes, 362–63
compensation processes, 29, 87–90, 94–95, 100–101, 102–4, 112
New Guinea accidental death case, 80–81, 82–85
in state justice systems, 103–4, 112, 117
competition, age-based, 227–31
competitive play, 204
Confucianism, 221, 328
Connolly, Bob, First Contact, 57, 58
constructive paranoia, 30, 55, 243–75