41 Thirteen Years at the Russian Court, Pierre Gilliard (Hutchinson, 1921), p.65.
42 Rasputin, the Last Word, Edvard Radzinski (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2000), p.206.
43 Statement of Alexei Khvostov to investigator F. P. Simpson, Provisional Government Extraordinary Commission 1917, Fond 1467, Schedule 1, Case 567, Folio 302-10, GARF, Moscow.
44 The Life and Times of Grigori Rasputin, Alex De Jonge (Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, 1982), p.204.
45 Ibid., p.205.
46 Ibid.
47 Articles and Correspondence on Russia & Romania, J.D. Scale DSO, OBE (Scale Papers).
48 The Life and Times of Grigori Rasputin, Alex De Jonge (Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, 1982), p.226.
49 Memoirs of a British Agent, R. H. Bruce Lockhart (Putnam, 1932), p.60.
50 Rasputin, Prince Yusupov (Jonathan Cape, 1927), p.154.
51 Memoirs of a British Agent, R. H. Bruce Lockhart (Putnam, 1932), p.129.
52 Statement of Alexei Filippov to investigator F. P. Simpson, Provisional Government Extraordinary Commission 1917, Fond 1467, Schedule 1, Case 567, Folios 327-42, GARF, Moscow.
53 The Life and Times of Grigori Rasputin, Alex De Jonge (Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, 1982), p.237.
54 Memoirs of a British Agent, R. H. Bruce Lockhart (Putnam, 1932), p.128ff.
55 Ibid.
56 Ibid.
57 Ibid.
CHAPTER SIX: ON THE BRINK
1 Source Records of the Great War, Vol. IV, p.185ff.
2 The Russian Diary of an Englishman, Anon. (the Hon. Albert Stopford), (Heinemann, 1919), Monday 5 June 1916, Tuesday 6 June 1916.
3 The War Memoirs of David Lloyd George, Vol. I, David Lloyd George (Odhams, 1938), p.418ff.
4 Ibid.
5 Ibid., Letter marked ‘Secret’, From H. H. Asquith to David Lloyd George.
6 Telegram from the Tsarina to the Tsar, 17 April 1915, Fond 640, GARF, Moscow. Edvard Radzinski also draws attention to documents burnt by the Tsarina in February 1917 that were believed to be compromising in terms of contact with Germany; Rasputin, the Last Word, Edvard Radzinski (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2000), p.405ff.
7 Edvard Radzinski, ibid., p.408.
8 Ibid., p.409.
9 This section draws on The Warburgs: The Twentieth-Century Odyssey of a Remarkable Jewish Family, Ron Chernow (Random House Inc., New York, 1993), and Jacob Schiff: a study in American Jewish Leadership, Naomi W. Cohen (Brandeis University Press, 1999). The British (S.G. Warburg) bank did not start up until 1935.
10 Money from the American Warburgs saved the Hamburg bank from collapse post-war. See Chernow, ibid.
11 Chernow, ibid. The ‘financial talks in London’ must have been the trip accompanied by Scale.
12 Kuhn, Loeb collaborated with Cassel, Rockefeller & J. P. Morgan. See Cohen, 1999, ibid.
13 Cohen, ibid.
14 www.britannica.com; Jack P. Morgan.
15 The diary of Alexei Raivid, Soviet Consul in Berlin, 1927, 6 July 1927: conversation with Baron Hochen Esten, Fond 612, Schedule 1, Case 27, pp.4-6, GARF, Moscow.
CHAPTER SEVEN: WAR GAMES
1 Entry 358, Register of Births in the Registration District of Merthyr Tydfil in the County of Glamorgan, John Dymoke Scale, 27 December 1882.
2 The Ordeal of a Diplomat, K.D. Nabokov (Duckworth, 1921). As chargé d’affaires in London between 1917 and the end of the war, he was the senior Russian representative in London – the Ambassador having been sent home and no replacement supplied. Some of his papers on India were later published by Trotsky in pamphlet form.
3 Nabokov, ibid.
4 Articles & Correspondence on Russia and Roumania 1915–1917, J.D. Scale DSO, OBE (The Scale Papers).
5 Typed letter from Capt. J.D. Scale (Petrograd) to London headed ‘Dear Cox’, 7 November 1916, initialled (The Scale Papers).
6 Muriel Harding-Newman, Scale’s eldest daughter, referred to his friendship with Felix Yusupov in her interview with the author. She recalls that he was often a guest at the Yusupov Palace (interview 28 May 2003, Easter Ross, Scotland). According to Betty Aikenhead, his younger daughter, Scale last saw Yusupov in 1948, a year before he died (interview 9 February 2004, Toronto, Canada).
7 Lost Splendour, Prince Yusupov (Jonathan Cape Ltd, 1953), p.29ff.
8 Ibid.
9 Ibid.
10 Rasputin, Prince Yusupov (Jonathan Cape, 1927), p.47.
11 Lost Splendour, Prince Yusupov (Jonathan Cape Ltd, 1953), p.95.
12 Telegram from the Tsarina to the Tsar, 7 September 1916, Fond 640, GARF, Moscow.
13 Letter from David Lloyd George to H. H. Asquith, Prime Minister, ‘Confidential’, 26 September 1916, The Lloyd George Papers, LG/E/223/5, House of Lords Record Office.
14 Telegrams from the Tsarina to the Tsar, 18 and 24 September 1916, Fond 640, GARF, Moscow.
15 Sworn Statement of Sergei Trufanov, Sergei Trufanov v. The Metropolitan Magazine Company, Supreme Court, New York County, sworn 17 October 1916 (reproduced in full in Appendix 1).
16 New York Times, 27 December 1916, p.4.
17 William Wiseman Papers, Group 666, f.260, Russia, [1917] 1, Sterling Library, Yale University.
18 War Memoirs of David Lloyd George,Vol. I, David Lloyd George, p.464.
19 From Switzerland, notes from a reliable source, ‘Secret’, 3 October 1916, The Lloyd George Papers, LG/E/3/27/2, House of Lords Record Office. Theodor Bethmann-Holweg was the German Premier.
20 Statement of Anna Vyrubova to investigator F. P. Simpson of the Provisional Government Extraordinary Commission 1917, Fond 1467, Schedule 1, Case 567, Folios 347-63, GARF, Moscow.
CHAPTER EIGHT: CARDS ON THE TABLE
1 Lost Splendour, Prince Yusupov (Jonathan Cape Ltd, 1953), p.185.
2 Author’s interview with Betty Aikenhead, 9 February 2004, Toronto, Canada.
3 Author’s interview with Muriel Harding-Newman, 28 May 2003, Easter Ross, Scotland.
4 Rasputin, the Saint who sinned, Brian Moynahan (Random House, 1997), p.320; Statement of Ioann Aronovich Simanovich (son of Rasputin’s secretary Aron Simanovich) to investigator V.M. Rudnev of the Provisional Government Extraordinary Commission 1917, Fond 1467, Schedule 1, Case 567, Folios 182-3, GARF, Moscow.
5 Rasputin, Prince Yusupov (Jonathan Cape, 1927), p.60ff.
6 Ibid.
7 In Rasputin,Yusupov does not name this person but simply says he is too old to take action; in Lost Splendour he identifies Rodzyanko.
8 See note 5 above.
9 Stopford’s diary (which, unlike Yusupov’s account, was written within days or hours of the events) has Dmitri Pavlovich in Petrograd quite specifically on 6/19 and 7/20 December, on which latter day Pavlovich and Stopford had lunch together privately in the Sergei Palace, and Stopford had supper there at midnight. If both accounts are correct, Pavlovich (presumably briefly in town to celebrate the Tsar’s name-day on 6/19 December) was to spend only about thirty-six hours back at the Stavka.