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― Yellow soup, 405

premises, 292

processing methods, 575

― blanching, 569

― boiling, 575

― parboiling, 569

― roasting, 575

― soaking, 569

processing techniques, 451

proximate composition, 109

Psophocarpus, 65

Psoralea, 100

Pueraria, 65

Puffed sweet potato food, 516

purple sweet potato cakes, 511

― juice, 540

― quality control, 284

― analytical investigations, 284

― defect levels, 285

― filling, 284

― standard tests, 284

― validation plans, 284

― quick-frozen sweet potato product, 536

Radish, 34, 35, 39, 86

Raji, 455

Raphanus sativus, 38, 48, 86

ready-to-eat, 454, 457, 462, 473

resistant starch, 598

isolation and preparation, 598, 599

restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP), 70

RFLP see restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) root(s), 34, 66, 103

root containerization, 109

roots and tubers, 1, 2, 253, 315

― agronomic practices, 254

― annual, biennial and perennial, 5

― antinutritional factors, 16–20

― applications, 23–26

― bruising, 255

― Cassava, 303

― cause of losses in storage, 254

― characteristics, 16

― chilling injury, 256

― classification and salient features, 12–15

― Cocoyam, 308

― comparison, 17–20

― composition and nutritional value, 12, 15, 16

― conditions for storage, 255

― constraints in production, 11, 12

― crop rotation, 260

― curing, 261

― gamma irradiation, 259

― insect/pest infestation, 254

― lesion diameter, 256

― methods for storage, 264–266

― microbial spoilage, 258-260

― roots and tubers, (continued)

― modified atmosphere packaging, 263

― nematicide, 260

― Nematode, 260

― new frontiers, 26, 27

― pathological losses, 256

― post harvest losses, 254

― Potato, 303

― pre harvest factors, 254

― preventive measures for storage, 255

― Sweet potato, 308

― Taro, 308

― types, 4

― world production and consumption, 7-10

― Yam, 308

Rutabaga, 34, 36, 39, 56, 95

Sagittaria, 60

sago palm, 35, 39, 111, 112

salsify, 34, 36, 38

sauces, 497

Scorzonera, 58, 98

shelf life, 452, 472, 473

Shoti, 37

single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 70

Skirret, 34, 37, 38

Smallanthus, 58, 99

snack(s), 386

― chips/crisps, 388

― extrudates snacks, 386

snack foods, 496

SNPs see single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)

Solanum tuberosum, 38, 40, 71

Solenostemon, 62

solid state fermentation, 227

soup thickener, 404

Sphenostylis, 60

Stachys, 59, 69, 101

staining, 66

standardization, 451, 455, 473

starch, 106,107, 571, 596–597

― acetylated starch, 574

― acid modified starches, 573

― alkali modified starches, 573

― cross-linking phosphorylation, 574

― enzymatic modification, 574

― functional and chemical properties, 597

― granule size, 573

― oxidized starch, 574

― pre-gelatinization method, 574

starch modification, 572

starch shape, 573

starch grits, 459

stem, 34, 104

stolon, 105

storage, 263–268

― aeration, 268

― Cassava, 263, 267

― cold storage, 268

― freezing, 267

― refrigeration, 267

― Sweet potato, 267

― Taro, 268

― Yam, 268

storage root, 103

submerged fermentation, 227

sun dried sweet potato slices, 529

Sweet potato, 2,13, 34, 35, 39, 103, 111, 112, 113, 150–160, 192

― applications, 23–27

― classification, 13–15

― ― crude fiber, 21

― ― flatulence, 21

― ― fungal, 22

― ― inhibitors, 21

― ― raffinose, 21

― climate and soil, 193

― crop protection, 196

― field preparation and planting, 195

― harvesting, 197

― hexaploid, 150

I. aquatica, 156

I. cordatotriloba, 150

I. hispida, 156

I. mauritiana, 154

― international potato center, 150

I. obscura, 154

Ipomoea batatas, 150

I. ramosissima, 157

I. tabascana, 150

I. tiliacea, 150

I. trifida, 150

I. triloba, 150

I. umbraticola, 157

― manures and fertilizers, 195–196

― nursery, 193, 195

― origin, 2

― planting season, 193–194

― production, 9, 10

Sweet potato-based products, introduction, 532

Sweet potato beer, 539

Sweet potato bread, 507–509

Sweet potato cookies, 509

Sweet potato flour, 479

― flour properties, 482

― production steps, 480

― storage, 484

― utilization, 484

Sweet potato healthcare food, 545

― sweet potato anthocyanins, 550

― sweet potato dietary fiber, 547

― sweet potato leaf powder, 554

― sweet potato pectin, 550

― sweet potato polyphenols, 553

― sweet potato protein, 545

Sweet potato healthcare tea, 537

Sweet potato, introduction, 507

Sweet potato jelly, 532

Sweet potato chips, 319

Sweet potato shoot-tip canning, 538

Sweet potato starch, 485

― morphological properties, 493

― pasting properties, 490

― physico-chemical properties, 487

― rheological properties, 491

― steps in production, 486

Sweet potato whole flour, 542

Tacca, 59, 102

Taro, 2, 13, 34, 35, 39, 110, 111, 112, 113, 160–166, 204, 326

― acridity, 11, 12, 328

― anthocyanins, 328

― antinutrients, 20

― antinutritional factors, 329

― applications, 23–27

― calcium oxalate, 22

― classification, 13–15

― climate and soil, 205

― composition, 328

― crop protection, 209–210

― energy source, 327

― glycemic index, 327

― harvesting, 210–211

― indumbe, 328

― intercultural operations, 207–208

― land preparation and planting, 207

― manures and fertilizers, 208–209

― minerals, 327

― origin, 2

― planting material, 206–207

― processing constraints, 328, 330

― production, 9, 10

― production systems, 205–206

― starch, 326

― toxicity, 329

― versatility, 327