financial help from parents
in times of trouble
time spent with families
working-class young adults seem older than middle-class young adults
See also Constraint, sense of; Creativity; Institutions; Kinship; Language use; Time use; Unstructured activities
Adulthood, transition to
college
descriptions of
Katie Brindle
Wendy Driver
Karl Greeley and Jessica Irwin (afterword)
Melanie Handlon
Stacey Marshall
Harold McAllister
Garrett Tallinger
Tyrec Taylor
Alexander Williams
Billy Yanelli
drugs
high school, decisions about
dropping out of
getting a GED
incarceration
labor force, experience in
networks
parenting intervening in
marriage
pregnancy
race
violence
harassment, police
working-class and middle-class young adults, being “grown”
See also College; Schooclass="underline" high school; Work-family issues
Adults and children’s worlds
integration of
separation of
Anderson, Elijah
Authority
children correcting adults
egalitarian aspects of concerted cultivation
respect for adults
training children for constraint
training children for entitlement
See also Constraint, sense of; Entitlement, sense of; Powerlessness
Boredom
children proclaiming
importance of organized activities in preventing
lack of expressions of
parents’ boredom at kids activities
Bourdieu, Pierre
advantage of his model over a deficit model
as an analysis of moments of social reproduction
field
habitus
key conceptual tools
limitations in his empirical work
power
privilege, transmission of
Unequal Childhoods as an empirical application of his ideas
Cartoon, Doonesbury
Child care
after-school care: Driver
Tallinger
Taylor
Williams
Childhood, conceptions of
historical shifts
Child rearing
changes over time
cultural logic of
dominant standards of
parents’ beliefs about
and social class
and transmission of advantages
See also Accomplishment of natural growth; Concerted cultivation; Gender division of labor for adults; Parents
Classlessness
belief in
critique of
dominance in American society
institutional settings
College
attending: decision up to the young adult
disappointments about
financial support for
parental advice about
transition to
applying for
depending on educators to help with
parents’ involvement in
parents’ knowledge about
dropping out of
not going to
parents’ heartbreak over
SAT scores
Wendy Driver
Melanie Handlon
Stacey Marshall
Garrett Tallinger
Tyrec Taylor
Alexander Williams
and social class differences: informal knowledge about
lack of information about
See also Adulthood, transition to; Concerted cultivation
Concerted cultivation
and academic success
benefits of: being in sync with standards of institutions
better athletic skills than their parents had at their age
customizing interactions with adults in institutions
developing work-related skills
expecting institutions to accommodate their individual needs
experiencing a range of activities
language development
learning to be competitive
musical expertise
securing benefits for their children in institutions that they would not otherwise receive
sense of themselves as special
skilled at performing
definition of
drawbacks of
challenges of children towards adults
competes with school
conflict with siblings
dinner hour disrupted
exhaustion
frenetic pace
lack of autonomous play for children
lack of excitement for events
overscheduled
role confusion for children
rudeness to parents
siblings must go along
dealing with hurdles
and fieldwork
and habitus
in high schooclass="underline" enrolling in summer math class
not defined by working-class and poor parents as part of parenting
support of educators for this child-rearing approach
in high school
in young adulthood: continuation
cost to parents
perception of benefits
See also Entitlement, sense of; Institutions; Language use; Organized activities; Time use
Constraint, sense of
development of
See also Accomplishment of natural growth
Creativity
displays of
parental indifference to
Cultural capital
activation does not always yield profits
defining features of
displays of
possession versus activation of
profits from
Cultural repertoires
class-basedn
emphasis on reasoning
emphasis on the development of the child
of readers
See also Institutions; Professional standards
Directives. See Language use
Discipline
impact on field worker
language
parent-child conflicts
physical threats or disciplining
Doonesbury cartoon
Economic resources
birthdays as a strain on
children’s feelings about
lack of: broken refrigerator
car runs intermittently
couldn’t take desired organized activities
impact of hiring a tutor
makes daily life tasks more difficult
no dental care
no health insurance
no phone
shortage of art supplies
shortage of sports equipment
shortages of food
space
strain of two dollars for a field trip
use of lay-away
presents, lack of
silence about
sufficient economic resources for: ample space
not an issue
talk about
See also Income; Organized activities: cost of
Entitlement, sense of
expectations of
lack of
parents’ sense of
training for
treating child’s opinions as important
Ethnography. See Fieldwork; Research methodology
Eye contact
don’t look in eye
look in eye
Families
descriptions of: Brindle
Driver
Greeley
Handlon
Irwin
Marshall
McAllister
Tallingers
Taylor
Williams
Yanelli
marital status of
See also Fieldwork; Follow-up study; Income; Inequality; Kinship; Research methodology
Family structure. See Families: marital status of
Fieldwork
biography and field work
children’s experience with the study
emergent nature of
entering and exiting the field
family visits, character of
impact of visits on families
and race
role of the researcher
and personal obligations
similarity of field notes
stressful nature of
Follow-up study
description of families
Brindle
Driver
Greeley
Handlon
Irwin
Marshall
McAllister
Tallinger
Taylor
Williams
Yanelli
families’ reactions to the book
advice
anger
surprise
Brindle
Drivern
Handlon
Marshall
McAllister
Tallinger
Taylor
Williams
Yanelli
limits of
longitudinal ethnography
response rate