decomposition of, 28, 46
Russian army (cont.)
in February 1917 demonstrations, 27 First Machine Gun Regiment of, 32 in World War I, 18-20 Russian Association of Proletarian Writers
(RAPP), 199, 296 Russian Communist Party, 112, 153 Russian Fascist Party, 314 Russian Liberation Army (ROA), 431,
434, 435-37 Russian National Committee, 432—33 Russian National Liberation Army
(RONA), 428 Russian Orthodox church, 175—76, 407—
410, 590-91, 673, 674-75 Russian people, 75 birthrate of, 671, 672 in key government posts, 669—70 nationalism among, 667-68, 669 during World War II, 380-81 Russian Physics and Chemistry Society, 139
Russian Republic (RSFSR), 113, 151, 155
Russian Social Democratic Labor party
(RSDLP), 23, 62 Russian Union of All Military Men
(ROVS), 313 Russification, 70, 517-18, 621-22, 667- 668
Ryabushinsky, Pavel, 228 Ryazanov, Professor, 228 Rykov, Aleksei, 43, 46, 129, 191, 206, 223
Ryumin, M. D., 523, 527 Ryutin, Mikhail, 246
Sablin, Yuri, 70 Saburov, Maxim, 552 Sacco, Nicola, 210
Sakharov, Andrei, 591-92, 653-54, 731 convergence concept promoted by, 627— 628
in dissident movement, 662—63, 684— 685
as liberal opposition personified, 616 on Soviet weapons expansion, 642 on totalitarianism, 655 Sakharov, Colonel M., 429 Sakulin, Pavel, 198 SALT I treaty (1973), 636-37 SALT II treaty (1979), 636-37 Saltykov-Schedrin, Mikhail, 167 samizdat, 205, 614, 627, 628
Sapronov, Timofei, 279 satellite states, 456, 457-58 Save the Children League, 173 Savinkov, Boris, 675 Savitsky, Petr, 178 Scali, John, 576
Schacht, Hjalmar, 311, 326, 327 Schiff-45, 355 Schiller, Friedrich, 433 Schnurre, Julius, 333, 366 Schomler, Joseph, 496 Schorner, Ferdinand, 436 Schrodinger, Erwin, 484 Schulenburg, Verner von, 331—37, 363 Schweitzer, Albert, 591 sciences, 265, 290-91, 440 under Khrushchev, 556—57 Lysenkoism in, 482 -84 physics, 485-86 religion and, 673 state subsidies for, 556—57 Western science and, 484-85, 648 Second Congress of Soviets, 44 Second Congress of the RSDLP: Report of the Siberian Delegation, The (Trotsky), 63 second economy, 634—35 Second Shock Army, 386-87, 430 Secretariat, Communist party, 164 Section for the Maintenance of State Security and Public Order in the Capital, 24 Sedov, Lev, 352 Selkhoztekhnika, 550 Selvinsky, Ilya, 218 Semashko, Nikolai, 141 Semenov, Nikolai, 484 Serapion Brothers, 195 Serafimovich, Aleksandr, 487 Seraphim, Metropolitan, 408 Sergeev, Andrei, 94
Sergii, Metropolitan, 175, 176, 408, 409 Sergii Voskresensky, Metropolitan, 409 Serov, Ivan, 342, 524, 544 Setter, David, 690 Sevastopol, 108 Shabad, Theodore, 639 Shaginyan, Marietta, 678-79 Shakhmatov, A. A., 141 Shakhty trial, 208, 211-12, 217, 223, 228
Shakhurin, Aleksei, 500 Shalamov, Varlam, 589 Shaposhnikov, Boris, 349
Shapovalov, Mikhail, 428
sharashka, 264
Shatskin, Lazar, 245
Shaumyan, Stepan, 87
Shavyrin, Boris, 318-19
Shaw, Bernard, 257, 282
Shcerbina, Vladimir, 489
Shcerbitsky, Vladimir, 621
Shcheptitsky, Metropolitan, 455
Shcherbakov, Aleksandr, 275
Shchors, Nikolai, 307
Shelepin, Aleksandr, 524, 585, 604-5
Shelest, Petr, 669
Shepilov, Dmitri, 564
Shestakov, Aleksandr, 300
Shevarnadze, Edward, 644
Shevchenko, Taras, 587
Shevtsov, Sergei, 670
Shipler, David, 697
Shklovsky, Viktor, 194, 274, 290
Shlyapnikov, Aleksandr, 25, 26, 27, 31 —
32, 35, 43, 134, 209 Shmalgauzen, Ivan, 484 shock brigades, 505—6 shockworkers, 225, 227, 285 Sholokhov, Mikhail, 218, 618 Short Course in the History of the USSR, A
(Shestakov), 300 Short Course on the History of the Soviet
Communist Party, 511 Short Political Dictionary, 630—31 Shostakovich, Dmitry, 488 Shtern, Grigory, 344, 346-47 Shtern, Lina, 484
Shuisky, Vasily, Tsar of Russia, 659 Shukhevich, Roman, 453 Shulgin, Vasily, 16, 20, 21, 25, 26-27, 147
Shulgin, V., 172 Shults, Fedor, 582 Shultz, George, 728 Shvernik, Nikolai, 612 Siberia, 102, 103 Siberian Government, 83-84 Sikorski, Vladislav, 404 Silence (Bondarev), 587 Simonov, Konstantin, 487, 503, 579 Sino-Soviet split, 565—70 Sinyavsky, Andrei, 612-16, 618-19, 680 Sivers, Rudolf, 78, 79 Six Day War (1967), 670 Sketches of the Russian Turmoil (Denikin), 84
Skirdo, M., 643
Sklyansky, Efraim, 104
Skrypnik, Nikolai, 150-54, 299-300
Skuratov, Malyuta, 10
Skutarevsky(Leonov), 286
Slashchov, Yakov, 87
Slavyanskaya zarya, 144
Slipoy, Metropolitan, 455
Slonimski, Antoni, 307
Slovakia, 329, 359, 418
Slovaks, 79
Slutsky, A., 266
Small Soviet Encyclopedia, 52, 120, 172, 296, 300
Small Soviet Political Dictionary, 662, 691
Smena vekh, 143
SMERSH, 391, 481
Smirnov, Lev, 675, 683
Smirnov, Nikolai, 217
Smirnov, Sergei S., 579, 580
Smirnov, Sergei V., 675
Smolensk GPU, 135-36
Smolny Institute, 41
Smrkovsky, Joseph, 624
smychka, 135, 167
Snegov, Aleksei, 581
social Christians, 619
social classes:
food rations based on, 64—65 under NEP, 127 school teachings on, 172 Social Democrats, 22, 31, 178, 252-53, 254
social estates, 64, 68 socialist realism, 274 Socialist Revolutionaries (SRs), 22, 47, 48, 52, 58, 68-69, 74, 75, 80, 140, 178, 509 social memory, 9, 10, 172-73, 292 social sciences, 485 Society of Former Hard Labor Convicts, 280
Society of Old Bolsheviks, 280 Sofronov, Anatoly, 490 Sokolnikov, Grigory, 162 Solidarity, 688-89 Sologub, Nikolai, 94 Solts, Aron, 132, 169-70 Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 11, 287, 306, 307, 319, 511, 588, 591, 595, 604- 605, 613, 661 on censorship, 620 as Christian ideology symbol, 616 democratic system criticized by, 684 deportation of, 683
Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr (cont.) on detente, 651—52 in dissident movement, 662, 663 on ideology, 655, 656, 657 on Sakharov phenomenon, 628 see also specific works Sorge, Richard, 361 Sosnovsky, Lev, 194, 217 Sotsialistichesky vestnik, 178, 278 Souvarine, Boris, 161, 162-63, 164, 191, 248, 263, 272, 302, 304 on origins of Soviet state, 661 on Stalin-Hitler pact, 309-10 Soviet Communism: A New Civilization?