(Webb and Webb), 257 Soviet-Finnish war, 343—47, 355 Sovietization:
of Armenia, 112—13 of Caucasus, 112—14 of Germany, 124—25 Soviet Portraits (Dmitrievsky), 248 Soviet rites, theory of, 677 sovnarkhozy, 553—54, 556 Sovnarkom, see Council of People's
Commissars Sovremennye zapiski, 312 Soyuz spaceship, 651 Spanish Civil War, 311 Speransky, Aleksai, 484 spies, Soviet, 722 Spiridonova, Maria, 48, 70 Spiridovich, Aleksandr, 23-24 Spirin, Leonid, 15-16, 21, 99 Sputnik, 557 Stakhanov, Aleksei, 282 Stakhanovites, 282, 284-85, 548 Stalin, Joseph, 71, 82, 126, 151, 176, 264, 274, 275, 298 on alcohol monopoly, 169 as anti-Semitic, 501—4 in arms industry planning, 318 asceticism and, 262—63 atomic bomb and, 439, 440 autonomization plan of, 154—56 in Big Lie, 288-89 biographies of, 247-49, 250-51 Brezhnev on, 632 on centralized power, 77 China policy of, 212, 213 in civil war, 87
collectivization under, 232, 233—34,
239-41, 242, 244 Communist party and, 129—30, 133, 182-83
constitution of 1936 and, 287, 288, 289
as Council of People's Commissars
chairman, 366 cult of, 232-33, 244-45, 247, 249-51 cultural affairs and, 218, 269, 271-72,
274, 275 death of, 506, 507, 508 egalitarianism rejected by, 227 first Five Year Plan under, 224-25,
239, 260-62 Fouch6 and, 301-2 German invasion and, 362—63, 370,
372, 374, 376 German relations with, 253—55 Great Change and, 222-24 in Great Terror, 301—8 historiography influenced by, 292-300 on Hitler, 308 "humanized," 281-82 Khrushchev on, 301, 303, 307, 308,
502, 530-33 Kirov assassination masterminded by,
277-79, 280 in Korean War, 460—62 legacy of, 508-11 Lenin and, 37, 160—61, 166 Lysenkoism and, 482, 483 Mao and, 458
Marxism and, 245, 249, 259, 265-66 as nationalities commissar, 43 national republics under, 298—300 in Nazi-Soviet pact, 322-40, 348-50 in October revolution, 38 on patriotism, 481—82 peasantry and, 167 in Polish-Soviet war, 96 Politburo rival groupings and, 498,
501
as Pravda editor, 28, 29-30
rehabilitation of, 614-15, 658
right-wing and, 207, 222-23
rise to power of, 181—91
Russian nationalism and, 268—69, 295
Ryutin's critique of, 246
satellite country purges ordered by,
501
scale of repression under, 661
at Seventeenth Party Congress, 249—50
Sino-Soviet relations under, 566—67
Social Democrats and, 252—53
in Soviet-Finnish war, 343—46
in Sovietization, 112
state strengthened under, 259, 261
at Teheran conference, 414 theoretical works by, 485 Trotsky's murder ordered by, 352 United Opposition and, 205—6, 216 as war leader, 443—49 war scare of 1927 and, 215 Western Europe offensive launched by, 504-5
at Yalta conference, 419—26 Stalin, Vasily, 517
Stalin: A New World Seen Through One
Man (Barbusse), 250-51 Stalingrad, Battle of, 399-402 Standard Oil, 214
State and Revolution (Lenin), 50—51, 53, 59, 62
State Commission for the Electrification of
Russia, see GOELRO State Committee for Defense, 376 State Department, U.S., 647 state farms, 545, 633—34 State Political Administration (GPU), 140,
142-43, 264 state power:
as autonomous, 466 over enterprises, 259—60 laws for enforcement of, 259—61 State Security Committee, see KGB Stavka, 387
steel production, 15, 317 Steffens, Lincoln, 257 Stepanyan, Akop, 668 Stetsko, Yaroslav, 397 Stolypin land reform, 202 Stolypin, Petr, 202, 474 Stone, Norman, 16 Strange Herbs of Chevengur, The
(Platonov), 59, 126 strategic material sales, 647—48 strikes:
food shortages and, 646—47 under NEP, 134 at Novocherkassk, 592-97 after October revolution, 54—55, 107—8 punishments for, 227—28 Strong, Anna Louise, 258 Struggle for Russia, The (Ustryalov), 145 Strumilin, Stanislav, 226, 230, 282-83 Struve, Nikita, 136 Struve, Petr, 146, 148, 178 Sturmer, 670 Sudetenland, 328-29 Suez Canal crisis (1956), 564—65 Sufi brotherhoods, 676
Sukhanov, Nikolai, 30, 248, 273-74 Sultan-Galiev, Mir-Said, 154—55 Sun Yat-sen, 212
Supreme Economic Council, see VSNKH Supreme Soviet, 338, 339, 440, 517
social composition of, 480 Surkov, Aleksei, 489, 507, 579 Suslov, Mikhail, 488, 597, 600, 731 Sutton, Anthony, 213 Sverdlov, Yakov, 37, 63, 78 Sweden, 122, 209, 359 Swedish Red Cross, 120 Symonenko, Vasil, 587 Syntax, 585, 685 Syrtsov, Sergei, 245
Tagantsev, Vladimir, 139
Tagore, Rabindranath, 228
Tairov, Aleksandr, 55—56, 197
Talantov, Boris, 590
Tales from Odessa (Babel), 670
tamizdat, 614
Tanner, Wajno, 344
Taraki, Nur Mukhamed, 693
Tarikat, 676
Tarle, Evgeny, 290
Tarnavsky, Nikolai, 586
Tarsis, Valery, 587
TASS, 367, 668
tax in kind, 114—15
Teheran conference (1943), 390, 414
Ten Days That Shook the World (Reed),
40, 162 Tereshchenko, Mikhail, 39—40 Thaelmann, Ernest, 253 Thaw, The (Ehrenburg), 579 theater groups, 588—89 theft, 664
Thermotechnical Institute, 591
ТЬёгу, Edmond, 15, 16
Third International, see Comintern
Third World, 723
Thompson, Llewellyn, 630
Thorez, Maurice, 505
Tikhon, Patriarch, 136-37, 177
Tikhonov, V. A., 687
Tikhvinsky, M., 139
Timashuk, Lidiya, 503
Times (London), 519
Timoshenko, Semen, 346, 370, 371, 372, 388
Tippelskirch, Kurt von, 402 Tito, Josip Broz, 418, 458, 542, 562 Tkachev, Petr, 146
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 17 Togliatti, Palmiro, 505 Toiling Peasants' Party, 229 Tolstoy, Aleksei, 145, 200, 296, 297, 298 Tolstoy, Lev, 729 Tomsky, Mikhail, 57, 223 Torgsin stores, 645 totalitarianism, 654—55 trade, Soviet, 124, 125 trade unions, 129, 212, 215, 223, 227- 228, 259-60 SMOT formed as, 689-90 Trans-Caspian government, 90 Transcaucasia, 70, 75-76, 90, 299, 380 Transcaucasian Commissariat, 75 Transcaucasian Federation, 76, 156 Transniestria, 394 Trapeznikov, Vadim, 700 Trauberg, Leonid, 275 Treaty of Versailles, 211 Treaty of Westphalia (1648), 651 Trepper, Leopold, 361 Tresckow, G. von, 429 Tretyakov, Sergei, 270 Trial, The (Krasin), 704 Trial of the Four, The (Litvinov), 616 trials: