A gloved hand holds the rotational controller, moves the joystick firmly to the left. The hand belongs to Judd Bell. He wears a flight suit, a helmet and his game face.
The Discovery cabin smoothly tilts right and maintains the steep angle of its roll-reversal turn. Judd’s eyes flick to the console and find one of those five LCD screens. Discovery is at a height of 180000 feet, travelling at 13350 kilometres an hour.
Judd looks out the windscreen. The view is breathtaking, the pitch black of space fading into a dark-blue sky that brightens before it touches the curvature of the Earth. He speaks into his helmet’s microphone: ‘Control, this is Discovery. Do you copy? Over.’
There’s no response.
Twelve minutes ago Judd kicked Discovery out of orbit and back into the clutches of Earth’s gravity. The little shuttle slammed into the upper atmosphere at a touch over 27000 kilometres an hour, the soft silica tiles glued to its underside and the carbon-carbon leading wing edges doing a perfect job of deflecting the 1500 degrees Celsius it generated on re-entry. That intense heat strips the electrons from the air around the spacecraft and blocks all communication with the ground, causing loss of signal, or LOS. Communication will be restored once the shuttle drops into the lower atmosphere’s thicker air and the heat dissipates.
Judd knows Columbia didn’t make it this far. Moments after launch a chunk of insulating foam the size of a briefcase fell off the external tank and punched a hole in the leading edge of its left wing. With that the crew’s fate was sealed, ten days before the shuttle broke up over Texas. The crew didn’t know about the hole, and even if they had there was nothing they could have done about it. During re-entry the superheated air blew straight into the wing and within seconds those 1500 degrees melted the spacecraft’s structure from the inside out.
‘Control, this is Discovery. Do you copy? Over.’
A burst of static in his ear, then: ‘We copy, Discovery. All systems nominal. Over.’ The capcom’s voice is female, all business. ‘Institute speed braking.’
‘Copy that.’ Time to bleed the speed. Judd grasps the speed brake handle and moves it until the LCD indicator shows 100 per cent. The speed brake splits the shuttle’s tail rudder in two, disrupting the air travelling past. Combined with the roll-reversal turns it helped to slow the shuttle from its current hypersonic speed to a more manageable 350 kilometres per hour for landing.
Judd glances at his copilot, Severson Burke. His eyes are locked on a screen before him and an anxious furrow creases his 44-year-old brow. It’s no cause for alarm, he always look like that when he flies.
Judd turns back to the console. He eases the controller to the right and the shuttle slides out of the left turn and tips gently into a right turn, bleeds more speed.
If navigating the upper reaches of the atmosphere in the shuttle is a relatively simple endeavour, landing one is a heart-in-mouth exercise. It’s not like bringing in a regular aircraft. You can’t abort, throttle up, fly around and take another crack at it. The shuttle’s engines are only operational at launch. After that, it’s a very heavy glider that doesn’t glide very well because its swept-back delta wings don’t generate much lift. When it’s gliding in to land it drops to the ground at an angle seven times steeper than a commercial aircraft of the same size. Even the northern flying squirrel does a better job than that.
Landing is Judd’s least favourite part of the mission. The only thing comparable is putting an F-14 Tomcat on the heaving deck of a carrier in rough sea, something he’d done many times as a naval aviator before he was recruited by NASA.
Judd looks through the windscreen as the sky lightens and the first wisps of cloud slip past. His eyes move back to the LCDs and he lies back the speed brake to 65 per cent.
Severson leans forward and hits two switches. ‘Air data probes deployed.’
‘Thank you, Mr Severson. Four minutes to landing.’ The air passing by outside is loud. Judd takes a breath, eases the shuttle out of its right turn.
Through the windscreen he can see the shuttle landing facility in the far distance, three kilometres of runway sitting in a Florida swamp, glistening in the afternoon sun. Gators often strayed onto the runway to catch a little shut-eye in the baking heat. There was a dedicated team to move them along whenever a shuttle was due.
‘Control, this is Discovery. We are at TAEM interface. How are the crosswinds at Kennedy?’
‘Crosswinds nominal. Everything looks fine.’
Judd leans, triggers a switch. ‘Control, we have acquired autoland, over.’
‘We copy, Discovery —’
The cabin shudders. It stops as soon as it starts. Judd glances at Severson. ‘What was that —’
The cabin shudders again but this time it doesn’t stop. Severson reads an LCD. ‘Autoland system alarm. We’ve lost glidescope.’
‘Initiate backup.’
Severson flicks a series of switches, studies the LCD. Bad news blinks back at him. ‘Autoland system failure.’
Judd takes it in, breathes out. He’s a steely-eyed missile man. He can fix this.
The vibration intensifies. The wind now a roar. The radio crackles in Judd’s ear: ‘Discovery, this is Control. We read autoland failure. Confirm. Over.’
‘Autoland failure confirmed. Over.’
‘Discovery, assume manual control for approach and landing. Over.’
Judd’s eyes are pulled to the windscreen. Past the cloud cover he can see the ground approaching fast.
Severson reads an LCD. The altimeter spirals down. Thirteen thousand, three hundred feet. Eleven thousand, seven hundred. Ten thousand, four hundred. ‘Altitude drop rate warning. Velocity critical. Engaging speed brake.’
Severson’s hand moves to the speed brake. The cabin convulses again and his head jolts right, slams against the side of the flight deck. Judd looks across at him. ‘Severson? Severson!’
There’s no response. He’s out cold.
‘Christ!’ Judd stares at his copilot, horrified. How could the situation unravel so quickly?
The radio buzzes in Judd’s ear again: ‘Discovery, disengage autoland and assume manual control.’
Judd doesn’t do it. He freezes. Brain lock.
‘Discovery! Do you read!’ The capcom’s voice now a shout.
It snaps Judd out of his daze. He blinks hard and with one hand pulls the speed brake to 100 per cent, with the other moves the controller, chases the pitching and yawing spacecraft, tries to level it out. Through the windscreen the last cloud races by and the runway looms before him. It’s close.
‘Discovery, engage landing gear.’
Judd triggers a switch. The landing gear lowers and locks with a clunk below him.
‘Discovery, you’re flying to the right, realign.’
Through the windscreen the heaving runway rushes towards him. It’s way off-centre. Judd wrestles the controller, tries to catch hold of the lurching spacecraft. He can’t do it; he’s always one step behind.
‘Discovery, landing attack angle is too steep. Pull up!’
It’s too late. The runway fills the windscreen.
‘Discovery, pull up!’
A door flies open, slams against the side of the motion-based crew station, one of two shuttle mission simulators at Johnson Space Center in Houston. Judd steps out and yanks off his helmet, his face wet with sweat. He looks younger than his thirty-eight years, a light crazing of lines around his eyes the only thing that distinguishes him from the tall, dark-haired guy who watched Columbia break apart eight years ago.