[18] Francis Crick, quoted in John Tierney, “Do You Have Free Will? Yes, It’s the Only Choice,” New York Times, March 21, 2011,
www.nytimes.com/2011/03/22/science/22tier.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0.
[19] Benjamin Libet, “Unconscious Cerebral Initiative and the Role of
Conscious Will in Voluntary Action,” Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8
(1985): 529–66; John Dylan-Haynes et al., “Unconscious Determinants of
Free Decisions in the Human
Brain,” Nature Neuroscience 11 (2008): 543–45.
[20] Hagop Sarkissian et al., “Is Belief in Free Will a Cultural
Universal?” Mind and Language 25 (2010): 346–58.
[21] Kathleen D. Vohs and Jonathan W. Schooler, “The Value of Believing in Free Wilclass="underline" Encouraging a Belief in Determinism Increases Cheating,”
www.csom.umn.edu/assets/91974.pdf.
[22] Articles in Science and NewScientist have recently discussed x-phi work on free will from authors including Eddy Nahmias and Dylan Murray,
“Experimental
Philosophy on Free Wilclass="underline" An Error Theory for Incompatibilist Intuitions,”
in New Waves in Philosophy of Action, ed. Jess Aguilar, Andrei Buckare», and Keith
Frankish (Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK: Palgrave-Macmillan, 2011); and Eddy Nahmias, Stephen G. Morris, Thomas Nadelhoffer, and Jason Turner “Is
Incompatibilism Intuitive?” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 73, no. 1
(2006): 28–53.
[23] H. S. Mayberg, “Defining the Neural Circuitry of Depression: Toward a New
Nosology with Therapeutic Implications,” Biological Psychiatry 61, no. 6
(March 2007): 729–30.
[24] Church, Genie in Your Genes; “Epigenetics: A Web Tour,” Science,
www.sciencemag.org/feature/plus/sfg/resources/res_epigenetics.dtl.; Ethan Watters,
“DNA Is Not Destiny: The New Science of Epigenetics Rewrites the Rules of Disease, Heredity, and Identity,” Discover, November 2006,
http://discovermagazine.com/2006/nov/cover.
[25] Elizabeth Pennisi, “Behind the Scenes of Gene Expression,” Science 293, no.
553 (2001): 1064–67.
[26] Ibid.
[27] Ken Richardson, The Making of Intelligence (New York: Columbia
University
Press, 2000).
[28] Eric R. Kandel, James H. Schwartz, and Thomas M. Jessell, eds.
Essentials of Neural Science and Behavior (New York: Appleton and Lange, 1995); Eric R.
Kandel, “Molecular Biology of Memory: A Dialogue between Genes and
Synapses,”
http://www.nobelprize.org/mediaplayer/index.php?id=1447; Eric. R. Kandel,
“A New Intellectual Framework for Psychiatry,” American Journal of
Psychiatry 155, no. 4
(1998): 457–69.
[29] Ibid.
[30] Dorothy Nelkin, The DNA Mystique (New York: Norton, 1995), 15.
[31] Lipton, Biology of Belief. B. Lipton, K. G. Bensch, and M. A.
Karasek,
“Microvessel Endothelial Cell Transdifferentiation: Phenotypic
Characterization,”
Differentiation 46 (1991): 117–33.
[32] Gail Ironson et al., “An Increase in Religiousness/Spirituality
Occurs after HIV
Diagnosis and Predicts Slower Disease Progression over Four Years in
People with HIV,” Journal of General Internal Medicine 21 (2006): 62–68.
[33] As quoted in Church, Genie in Your Genes, 65.
[34] Watters, “DNA Is Not Destiny.”
[35] John Cloud, “Why Your DNA Isn’t Your Destiny,” Time,
www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1952313-2,00.html.
[36] Robert Weinhold, “Epigenetics: The Science of Change,” Environmental Health Perspectives 114, no. 3 (March 2006).
[37] “Learning Without Learning,” The Economist, September 21, 2006, 89.
[38] www.cajal.csic.es/ingles/index.html.
[39] In part 2, I will explain how this can be done.
[40] Jeffrey M. Schwartz and Sharon Begley, The Mind and the Brain (New York:
Harper Perennial, 2002); Jeffrey M. Schwartz and Rebecca Gladding, You
Are Not
Your Brain (New York: Avery, 2012).
[41] Caroline M. Leaf, “The Mind Mapping Approach: A Model and Framework for
Geodesic Learning” (unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of
Pretoria,
Pretoria, South Africa, 1997); Caroline M. Leaf, Brenda Louw, and Isabel Uys, “The Development of a Model for Geodesic Learning: The Geodesic
Information
Processing Model,” The South African Journal of Communication Disorders 44
(1997): 53–70; Leaf, “The Move from Institution Based Rehabilitation (IBR) to
Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR): A Paradigm Shift,” Therapy Africa 1, no. 1
(August 1997): 4; Leaf, “An Altered Perception of Learning: Geodesic
Learning,”
Therapy Africa 1, no. 2 (October 1997): 7.
[42] Doidge, Brain That Changes Itself.
[43] Barbara Arrowsmith and Norman Doidge, The Woman Who Changed Her
Brain:
And Other Inspiring Stories of Pioneering Brain Transformation (New York: Free
Press, 2012).
[44] Caroline M. Leaf, The Switch On Your Brain 5-Step Learning Process (Dallas: Switch On Your Brain, 2008).
[45] Arrowsmith and Doidge, Woman Who Changed Her Brain; Church, Genie in Your Genes; Doidge, Brain That Changes Itself; Dispenza, Evolve Your
Brain; Leaf,
“Mind Mapping Approach”; Leaf, Switch On Your Brain 5-Step Learning
Process;
Caroline M. Leaf, Who Switched O! My Brain? Controlling Toxic Thoughts
and
Emotions (Dallas: Switch on Your Brain, 2007) and DVD series
(Johannesburg,
South Africa: Switch on Your Brain, 2007); C. M. Leaf, M. Copeland, and J.
Maccaro, “Your Body His Temple: God’s Plan for Achieving Emotional
Wholeness,”
DVD series (Dallas: Life Outreach International, 2007).
[46] Joe Dispenza, Breaking the Habit of Being Yourself (New York: Hay
House,
2012).
[47] Richard Wiseman, “Self Help: Forget Positive Thinking, Try Positive Action,”
The Observer, June 30, 2012,
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2012/jun/30/self-helppositive-thinking; Jim Taylor, “Is the Self-help Industry a Fraud?” April 18, 2011,
http://blog.ctnews.com/taylor/2011/04/18/is-the-self-help-industry-a-
fraud/#.UVedEdRXVA4.email; Michael Shermer, “SHAM Scam: The Self-Help and Actualization Movement Has Become an $8.5-Billion-a-Year Business. Does It
Work?” April 23, 2006,
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=sham-
scam.
[48] “The Problem with Self-Help Books: Study Shows the Negative Side to Positive Self-Statements,” e! Science News, July 2, 2009,
http://esciencenews.com/articles/2009/07/02/the.problem.with.self.help.bo oks.study.s hows.negative.side.positive.self.statements.
[49] Schwartz and Begley, Mind and the Brain; Schwartz and Gladding, You Are Not Your Brain.
[50] Ellen Langer and Mihnea Moldoveanu, “The Construct of Mindfulness,”
Journal of Social Issues 56, no. 1 (2000): 1–9; Leaf, Who Switched O! My Brain?; Leaf, The Gift in You.
[51] Caroline M. Leaf, Isabel C. Uys, and Brenda Louw, “An Alternative
Non-