In the 1950’s and 60’s, Bulgarian historians presented the role of the USSR and of Bulgarian Communists in a most favorable light while the merits of the rulers of the country and of the allies of the USSR were criticized and their mistakes exaggerated. Research was published later in which a professional historic approach prevailed over the Party approach, although not completely eliminated. Bulgaria could not afford to follow its own foreign political line during the Second World War because its status quo was defined 20 years earlier with the signing of the Neuilly Treaty by force of which age-old Bulgarian territories were taken from Bulgaria. The Treaty also imposed harsh reparations on Bulgaria. What brought about these demands is another question, but the victorious countries severely punished the countries that lost the First World War which laid the basis for the next devastating military conflict. In the period between the two world wars, the victorious countries made no effort to draw Bulgaria to their side. They supported Bulgaria’s neighbors which were ready at any moment to deal with their weak neighbor should it show any signs of revanchism. It is hardly strange under these circumstances that the Bulgarian rulers saw the only beam of hope in the face of Germany which also lost the First World War and was punished by England and France. Yet, Germany was a great power, while Bulgaria was not. For this reason Bulgaria had to assess carefully each move it made. Bulgaria’s foreign policy, which became more and more oriented toward Germany, seems quite reasonable. If England and France did not wish to win over Bulgaria to their side and the rulers in Sofia excluded rapprochement with the USSR, then the only way out was to ally with Germany. It is namely through Germany that Bulgaria sought a resolution of its claims. The Bulgarian rulers headed by Tsar Boris III were exceptionally careful not to make a wrong step and draw the country into the war. Coincidentally or not, Bulgarian politicians visited Berlin, Moscow, Paris and London in the summer of 1939. Only a year later Bulgaria got back South Dobrudzha by peaceful means. Bulgaria received this territory from Germany, not from the USSR or England, which also acknowledged Bulgaria’s just demands. This is perhaps the most telling evidence that Bulgaria wanted to follow Germany and not any other Great Power. But even if Bulgaria’s wish were different, it would have been impossible to realize because England could hardly breathe from the German attacks and the Tsar did not want to hear anything about the USSR. He knew quite well what had happened to his godfather, the last Russian Tsar after the October Revolution.